ADVANCED ACT hee Anthony Cosgrove Erte Peau MI ‘a(Cambridge University Press >werw cambridge orgilt ‘Cambridge Assessment English sworweambnidgeenglth.org Information on ths tle: wwwcamb ge cny’9781108891462 {© Cambridge University Press and Cambridge Assesment 2020 ‘THis publication isn cupyright. Subject to statutory exception sand to tae provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the writen permission of Cambridge University Pres. ‘ist published 2029 29817 16 15 IS DRT ES 4s21 Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press A cotalogue record for this publication i avetlable frm the Brits Library |SBN 978-1-108-89146-2 Students Book without answers ‘The publishers have no eesponsibility forthe persistence or accurscy oF URLs for external ar thitd-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and do not guarantee that any content on such websites ser wil remain, ‘accurate or appropriate Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given inthis work is correct atthe time of first printing but ‘he publishers do not guarantee the accuracy af such information thereafter.Map of the book How to use this book Starter Take it from me Unit 1 Good company Unit 2 On the move Progress check 1 Unit 3 Rolling in money Unit 4 The natural world Unit 5 Surfing, scrolling and swiping Progress check 2 Unit 6 Structures and landmarks Unit 7 Broadening horizons Unit 8 On demand Progress check 3 Unit 9 Cultural contribution Unit 10 Living life to the fullest Unit 11 A sieady job Progress check 4 Unit 12 Mind over matter Unit 13 Lifestyle choices Unit 14 Looking after yourself Progress check 5 Grammar reference Multi-word verb bank Exam information L2Ssaeensoa POE 7 Starter lenge leering Fore pospacs "Advanced Engh Take it from mo °8 ' Part 5 Distractors in listoning tosks Port 1 .. Good company Dunbar’s number Anessay, pla ‘The realty of twins Part 3 fied erred —— i 2 Port 2 Part 3 Wesheeding On the move ‘The Electric Egg Trovel vioggers Pe) ‘The Kitiwoke Holidey pleasures Progress check Tp40 == = 3 Part 8 Port 4 Part 2 Rolling in money Young entrepreneurs ‘Currency Arepert pa Die france appe Fron events are sevicos a Part 7 m2 7 Part 2 The nanural world Sutin osion oer 9 sonal poe The Great Pocic Garbage Fetch Wille repopulation s- Part & Part 1 = Viral posts icon Part 6 "American end Beish English Part 2 Structures and landmarks the work cFTche Hoc eer p80 ‘Skyscrapers Port 1 Guetng mearing hom certesi Part 2 Broadening horizons Oveiyembitcaat Areiow pv Gromeor schools 3 Part 5 Part 3 Sirwoxing ‘On demand nine sharing trove iediion plo The death of chemo izes our Progress check 3 p18 = 9 Port 6 The cle of Japan Part 1 Cultural contribution Moderation of museums ‘Anesiay 20 Geek ahi 10 Part 2 Port 1 Part 2 r Living life to the fullest ‘The rice and the chessboard Boris Becker Areview pls2 Explaining the urge to climb Everest Sports in schools Part 3 Grassroots football Cedars ers * " Part 8 ‘Signposting in presanctions Part 2 ; A.stoady job ecient ee Arepert pide Woriclife balance Progress check 4 p156 12 Part 7 Port 2 Part 2 Mind over matter The Wisdom of Crowds The lntligence rap Aleteroneil pl58 ‘The bos! wallet experiment A pychclogy experiment 13 mt Port 4 Part 1 lifestyle choices Road-schooking Alternative lifestyles An essay pie Hot ving Posie chonges “4 Part 4 Inferring attitude Part 2 Looking after yourself ‘propel pies Progress check 5 p195po Er ed Cm Making convertion feat ond pero eras review Eeniy conkaed words Future teracs Part 1 Guesion forme Personaly “Being courieeus Talking cbeut yurse Varo potas I) ~ Geran ond eftives Negotve profes C2 eaiohip ichoms Part 2 Delerninrs and quantfion Trowel Desenbing apoirofphotns Adve mediiers Prepostonal phrases) (2 Prepostional phrases ‘aking for and giving Conditionals Money Personal inanees Thar we [Ee Noway! TF That sounds Lemaring. | G Mo too/neiher [Bl @ wx2Listen to three conversations based on questions from Exercise 1. Complete the third column of the table by noting the order in which you hear each phrase. of the Work with a new partner. Ask each other o ‘questions from Exercise 1 and use the ideas Exercise 3 or your own ideas to keep the conversation going.| PAST AND PERFECT TENSES REVIEW GRAMMAR ON THE MOVE Watch the video | GRAMMAR REFERENCE / Post ond perfect tenses review: Poge 198 By Answer the questions. 1 Whot isan onecdole? 2 Whot mckes a good anecdote? 3 Maich the pictures with the anecdotes in the text. [By choose the correct tense options to complete the forum posts. Il complete the grammar summaries with the names ofthe tenses, presert perfor simple pas perfec! coniinuous past continuous post perfect simple 1 the ‘offen prevides background information about he activities in prograss when the events of the story begin, or expresses on action that veo in progress inthe past when anather shorter past ction interrupts i 2 Usethe ‘indicate hat @ completed past even! occurs before another post event 3 You can use the ook questions about post experiences that may hove happened at some point in © persons life, to describe ‘an action or state thot started in the pas! and continues nil now, orto talk cbout recent past events that hove 4 present rest 4 the is lest common in English ‘and is used fo tok bout on extended activity that ‘occurred and! finished before another past event or sivation happened. BB] write notes about the key events of a funny anecdote of your own. Then workin groups and take turns to read your anecdotes out. Cour Topic of the day - EMBARRASSMENT We all have these moments in Ffe when we mess up. And we're pretty sure you've had some ‘00, moments that you wish you could erase from your memory. Tell us about yours REPLY © 2princesspeach Everyone (t} was istening/had been Istening to the teacher ~ when suddenly a phone [2) startedlhad stariedringing ‘When it stopp, | made joke that all mobiles that ring in ‘lass should be confiscated by the teacher and then | |ookod around the room to see whese it was. It was only then that ‘noticed that the whole class (3) hed been looking/was Jecking at me. Then the penny droped. It was my phone that (4) has Deer/hed been ringing. | (6) ot eurihadn’t tumed it off before coming ino class! © sneer In department store last week, | (6) bumpadtinas bumong nto someone and knocked them to the floor. | wes ‘mortified end sterted apologising profusely, t was only then, ‘at | realised | (7) have been talking/vvas talking to a ‘Mannequin| And a headiess one at that! | felt so ridiculous ‘ond went bright red, especially because a smiling sales assistant then asked me if | thought we should call an ‘ambulance. Am | the only person who (8) nas dene/has: ‘bean doing this or does it happen al the time? OD caererthoboastes Last year, | (9) was vistingthad been wisiting the US for the first thre. One dy, | decided to go to a crva-through festaurant for lunch. | drove up to he machine, wound down the window and placed my order. Or 90 thovaht, After @ while | (10) hearc/ines hearing a voice saying ‘Can you drive Up tothe speaker? You'te taking to the trash can! I felt ike such an idiot. The things, | (1) ‘ve never beary'a mover been to drive-through restaurant before that, you seel | only went to tis ene because it felt ike atypical Americen thing todo. ® eceoarapnyroacherniges Afew months ago. | celled in sick for work. The previous night | (12) fetvhnad felt roaly il. | (18) was varnitingihad been vomiting all night and obviously | (14) dian‘ sleep/hadn't slaot ‘a.wink. However, efter a few hours’ sleep | felt much berter, ‘80 | decided to heed cown to the beach for a walk, (15) was/hed bea there about half an hour when | notices ‘someone (16) has beon wavinglwas waving at me. | weved ‘back, but it wasn't until they came closer that I realised it ‘was one of the receptionists who works part-time in my ‘school. In fact, it was her that | (17) had been speaking had spoken to when | called in sick thet motning, | quickly ‘tied to justty why ! was there end not in my bed, end to be fair, she was feitly understanding. But | felt terrible about what she might think of me, And I (18) haven't been having! haven't hada day off sincol [starrer [taxerrrromme [KETET TEL 6 EASILY CONFUSED WORDS [Bl choose the correct word from each pair to comple sentences. whose/who's 1 going to English class day? Can you let the teocher know that | might be o ile late? 2 He i one ofthe few professors pinion actuelly maters tome recjpe/recsipt 3 You mus give mothe for het eumry you prepared for us lost week = twos decious 4 Shops generaly wil fuse fo give you a refund for something you bought if you cant provide the orginal all together/alogether 5 tink it’s betor if we go fo see the teacher rolher then separately ~ she's more likely to lsen if we explain ito her colocively 6 I can preduce good English when | am notin a pressure sivation However, doing son an exam is 0 diferent mater ‘omerg/between 7 Iman acter, bu fm not working a the moment, Let's jst say tm. jets! 8 You krow you're sentences for you! ‘good friends when hey Frsh your 9 ims «good English? 10. | hink ber blue jeans and block leather jocket perfocily Iso clssic look! princiole/principal TT Lagres in__ with your suggestion, but! am not sure it wll ackely work in reli, 12. One of tha reasens | am loarning Englth isto improve ry jb prospects you on your cecent Where did you learn such eoch other Hl © c1= Listen to four people talking about how they remember problem vocabulary. Which speaker{s) (AD) mention(s) the following points? 1 remembers some good odvice from ther school days 2 s0ys that words can look similar in different languages but meon very different ings 3 soys that ronsating from thse language into English con couse 4 igwants reasons for words tobe spelled in certain ways 5. record ther vacabulery in @ woy that helps them aliminote the error they tle obout [Bl Work in groups and discuss the questions. 1. Are there eny words in Englth thot you heve problems with o- rin upt 2. How useful do you find ito translate English into your language? 3 Doyou have any tochniquet for recording ond learning new vocabulary? (tt LANGUAGE LEARNING [BB Work witha partner and discuss the statements below about language learning. o you agree or disagree mith them? Give reasons or examples from your ‘own experience 1 Children are beter a! learning languages thon adults 2. You cam’ lear « language well unless you learn the grammar 3 Soon we won't need Engh clsses or Engish teachers. We wil just learn through opps. 4 Tolearn o languoge successily, you howe to be prepared to moke mistakes ord even to make o foo! oF yourself from lime fo lime. 5 You learn a language much quicker if you can spend time in o live in @ country where itis spoken Bs naa cero toto jul nam eoveransersinies ns iad IB Now roaa the text to see if you were right about Aureliano’s advice. Hl complete the blog post by putting the headings in the correct places (1-5). Use Association Review Storage SelectionEA languagetoday.com Teer Esra Aureliano Verdi, 22, has spent much of his life studying languages for fun. He’s fluent in 16 of them, including Farsi, Arabic, Lithuanian and Korean, and here he describes the five principles he uses in order to master new vocabulary quickly and effectively in any language. Young children are often sai tobe the real experts when itcomes to language leerning, Up unti the age of about seven, they are able to pick Up the language they are exposed to, without the need for ateacherto explain the atference between the tenses, or between subject and object pronouns, Somehow, they just manage to gett, and they do so Lnconsciously, in other words without making any rea effort. So perhaps it'sunsurprising that so many courses, apps and language teaching, ‘materials claim to get you learning a foreign language as an acultin the same way you acquired your fist language as a child, Butis that feasible? Oreven desirable? Adult earners should not be underestimated. t might take a child seven years ta become reasonably proficient (albeit with a restricted vocabulary), whereas an adult can reach an sdvanced communicative ablityin one year. That might sound tke a bold claim, but'am Wing proof, having attained intermediate to advanced evelin 16 of them ~ {and most of those were asan adult. For me the key to learning so many languages has been the ability to combine the unconscious methods we Used as children with the conscious methods used by adults. We can achieve the best of both worids by following my five principles. in order tobecome expert vocabulary learners, whatever the language. a language Such as English has something nthe region of oneilion words. But who knows that many? Or, moreto the point, who wants to knows that mary? The ability tofiter out what you don't need isa key sil for ary language learner, I you don’t do this, and you try to look up every single word in a text, well, thats tke reading an entire newspaper just to get tothe sparts page Don't make this mistake, Opt instead for the most Useful words ina language. Focus on what's going tobe of use for you. Soyit you're a doctor, you might need to know that encther word for‘skul! is cranium Butif you're not, odds ae that you can get by without knowing this word, so go fora more useful one instead! 2 ‘dentfying words to learns key, but fyou tryto absorb these words out Cfcontext, you'll have ahard time fitting them allin, Sowhat ecviseis that you connect neWw information in your head to existing information. Let's say you already know the adjactive cntidentil (meaning secret), ‘and then one dey you earn the multh-word verb kee someting to {oursef (meaning not share information): you cou link these two items of Vocabulary in your mind. You can thinkof keeping something to yoursot as being what you would do with conficential information. Or the other \way round: confidential information's something you would keep to yourselt, The words fit together into a context lke pieces ofa puzzle, [I Find words in the text which mean: leo complete {inroduction) realist introduction achieved (troduction) select (paragraph 1) gets worse (porograph 3] confine 1 keop [paragraph 4) ving quickly end without care (paragraph 4) make one thing become port of something ee {paragraph 5) BNOWAOK~ Sst In the 1880s, Germen psychologist Hermenn Ebbinghous ‘established that when we lean something, we initially retain t quite well But overtime, that memory deteriorates; Ebbinghaus termed this phenomenon the forgetting curve. But he also discovered that this tendency to forget can be combatted. you revisit newly learnt information at time intervals, it becomes less and less easy to forget. What this means fr vocabulary leametsisthat each day, ou should take another look at ‘thewords you learnt yesterday, the day before, and the day before that. That way, they should make it into your long-term memory. ‘ Theancient Romanshad a ying: Verba volant sed Scriptmanent® ‘Spoken words ly away, but writen, ‘words stay’. What they were trying to tell uss that you need to have a way of permanently recording wordsin lrderto retain them in memory. For some people, the physical act of writing something down aids their ability toremember it Just scribblingit onthe backofan enwelope isn't enough it's gottobe inaplace where youll be abie to accessit ater, maybe on your phone orin notebook. 5 Of course, having the words in your head so that you can ‘think about them isn't enough = you need to say them. [Butjust saying thom to yourealf isn't enough either, according to Boucher and Lafleur, two researchers atthe University of Montreal To effectively memorise new ‘words, you've got to repeat them out loud to another person. When you've read atext and found some words toleamn, try to summarise for afriend whatyou've read, making sure to incorporate the new wordsinto your conversation. Ifyou're a learner of English yourself, why rotry It with this text? ‘50, there you haveit: the five principles whieh | have folloned tolearn several languages to. pretty decent level. aut hey there's nathing special about me Youean doittoo! [By Decide what point Auretiano was making about effective Language learning when he mentioned the following: dhildren aged up to seven bis own success as © language learner the sports page of a newspoper the forgetiing curve on envelope Boucher ond Lofleurs research ouaona starter [TAKE IT FROM MEFUTURE PROSPECTS Hl @ cs istento three students describing hhow they think English wilt help them in the future, What do they give asthe main reason for learning English? A. Englsh vl help me to aval broad B English will improve my job prospects. © English will enable me to reach a wider audience. BJ Match the verbs and objects from the recordings to make phrases. 1 conquer A cash 2 loch Bmnpsell 3 nmoutof the world 4 enhance my D_ onewblog 5 puth E omployobilty [By Work in groups and answer the questions. 1 Interms of hew you expect English fo holp yeu inthe futuro, which specke{s) ore you mos similar to8 2 What ather motivations de yeu have for learning English [BJ Natch the extracts from the listening (1-7) with the descriptions (A-£). There may be more than one answer. 1 Nima te bail ben roa nl en oo of cath” 2 "When tm older I sil continue to work on my English” 3 "Im saving up money by spending a year working on an «il rig and that comes to an end next month” “tim going to work hard on my English, starting next week.” “My English is going fo enhance my employobitiy.” "In foe, | am taking the Cambridge Advanced exam in October” 7 “The idea is thot i | get enough followers in the future, then Hl be able to earn money from advertisers” aon A. expressing o fuiure intention, desire or promise Broking a prediion about the future C using the presen’ simple to describe a scheduled even ot a known in the future (D__ using the present simple to describe the concttions for & possible Fuure outcome using the protent continuous to talk about a fixed plon oF arrongerent [Bh correct the mistake in exch of the sentences. ‘There may be more than of 1 Zz 3 6 nswer. Tomorrow is snowing, s0 | would imogine that losses are going to hove fo be canclle. ‘havent decided whet im doing tomorrow. Pethaps I'm going to go cycling. ‘As ‘Will we go out his evening? We could try ‘hat new resiaucen! tho got hose rove Bt ‘Good ideo — let's give ito shot” fl drop you o line as soon as my plane wil land in london. Ath teams ore evenly matched so when they play ‘eachother fr the frst lime in December, have 10 idea wh is winning Unless he ocially knuckles down are shies hard this yer, cm sure he shan poss the course, [I choore the correct options tocomplete the sentences, can you explain your chole? Somatimes beth options willbe possible, 1 as Wht are you doing/going to do afer your English lesson today? In what ways do you hope your English is improving/will improve over the next year? Do yeu thnk you wil sil be sudying/ae sil studying English in ten yeors' ine? Do yeu think that English is still going to be spoken/is sil going fo speak by humans 1000 years from now? Ist likely thot enother language is going fo ‘eplace/will replace English as the worlds main international longuage? I so, which? De you think your teacher sh gre you/will gre you homework atthe end of od’ lesson? IB Work witha partnerto ask and answer the questions in Exerc! 2 © GRAMMAR REFERENCE / Future lenses: page 199(iii ‘ADVANCED’ ENGLISH [Hl Work with a partner Discuss what you think itmeans tobe able ‘to communicate in English at an advanced level. You may use the following ideas to help you [Bl Look at the words and phrases which could fil the 12 gaps in Damian’s email. For each 3p, both options can be considered sitvations you need fo be oble te communicate in correct. Which one should Damian, as an_ © grommet ond ocibueny advanced learner, sein order to show eel aces rea) what he is capable of? Give reasons. ‘+ pronunciation 1 @ sicher ‘© formal and informal English aporopriacy b bigger 2 a \s with, IB auickty read Damian’s answer to the homework his new eee ‘teacher has set him (ignoring the gaps). identify his perceived 5 ae strengths and weaknesses hoe 4 This is tricky because In order for me to hi earn as effectively as possible b What makes this tricky isthe fact that he teave Re ae eis rear ciae Scena dilenge "What do you feel that you are good at with English, and b diffi ‘what do you find hard? Please email me your answer and 6 a Alo, waite about 200 words. 1b One reason for isi that : 2 7 a Moreover, b As for my language skills, 8 over the past year or so TT 3 Butea 9 a and! don't need 1 have Hello Emma, b without resorting to va been learning English for ten years now. fm maki 10 a probably coulda do progress, and I'm pleased about that, For example | om om Bb couldn't have coped wit ‘certainly got a much (1) vocabulary now than I did @ " te cccont Fry Ceenoes few years ogo. Bul there are sill few areas that {2) hea daly aes (One (3) is the grammar of articles ~ a and the 2G indicus 4 we don't really have an equivolentcrfice system in ~ Polish, so itcan be (5) to choose o or the correctly. ee pls aris rme: @ there seer fo be so many rules abou orfcle vse that it can be herd to know which one fo apply. {can tel thal my abil fo read and fo listen have realy come along (8) For example, con watch fms in English (9) the subites. Tha's Something | (19) ‘year or two ogo. Having said thal, "m aware hat my accent is stronger than ay $012) ‘xy help on how to improve ny pronunciation. Many thanks forthe opportunity 10 tol you ¢ kit about myeclt Im looking forward to our clsses together over the coming year. With bas! wiches, Damian i Now write a similar emailta your teacher, outlining your own strengths and weaknesses as alearner of English. Use ‘advanced’ vocabulary and structuresin ‘order to show your teacher what you are capable of. [starrer [taxerrrromme [EY2g ee Hf) Work with a partner. Discuss the following topics: ‘© the social medio platforms you use ©) how often you use them @) Read the quotations about social media. What idea do you think ‘each one is expressing? Do you agree or disagree with the ideas? ‘Social medic has given @ voice fo the vices in society! ‘Anything you say on soc media con be blown out of al proporfon 1 2 = hy you use them 3. Too mory people vie social medio for salt glriteaion’” 4 ‘Social medic platforms are o great place to tell everyone what you're DISTRACTORS IN LISTENING TASKS HY @ 0s Listen to and read what Sarah says about her social media habits. Then look at the multiple choice question and the highlighted words/phrases in the options (A-D). Can you find any of the highlighted words or synonyms of them inthe extract? ‘What does Sarah say about herself? ‘A. She is BB a very SBE person Bein FEB is importa to hor ‘€-_Feople tend to MURBSHIGA hor. She enjoys boing Senieveisal I never realised how controversial it would be to quit social media. Being part of the oigital generation, people assume I'm incapable of being disconnected for more than a few hours a day. When they find out | only have one social ‘meala profile — an inactive one at that - they tend to think I'm antisocial, weird or behind the times. Nothing could be further from the truth. in fact, Jove hanging out with friends, playing sport and listening to music. I'd say I'ma pretty well-balanced person - just one who can't be bothered to follow every trend that comes along. thinking before you've had a chance to think it through’ @] The correct answers C. Can you explain why itis correct and the other options are wrong? @ You will isten to Jimmy talking about social medi Before you listen, read the question and options. ‘Work with a partner. Think of synonyms or paraphrases for the words in each option. Option A has been done for you. How does Jimmy feel about his work with social medio? A__Itsuts him because he’s on extrovert e's outgoing, so heenjaysit. It benefits Ni being B The positives outweigh the negatives. He didnt expect so much ctcism, D__Ithas made him more self-confident A) © 00s Now listen and choose the correct option.Bl © oosListen again, focusing on the incorreet ‘options. Match them with the distraction techniques inthe | Technique 1: The words/deas inthe option are menioned but the speaker says something dierent abowt it. Technique 2: The moin ideo from the option is mentioned but «with a negative phrase which gives the opposite meaning, [Bl © vor Wow took at the taskbelow. Listen and choose There are two you ‘You will listen to three speakers, Daniel, Jo and Khaled, talking about social media. Before you listen, study the question. Choose from the list (A-E) an idea about social media expressed by each speaker. Denia! Jo Kholad doesr! regret joining social media thinks people ore dishonest online is concerned about cyberbullying loves sharing pictures of thei possessions dislikes people boasting on social media mona (F © vor tisten again and focus on the two answers you don’t need. Why might a student be distracted by ‘these two options? VOCABULARY PERSONALITY [ll Wie three positne and three negstve personality traits you have. Explain your rats to another student. One of my most positive traits is generosity. clwoys the ‘one who pays ty frends and | qo out as. group, i really ejay sharing what | have. On the other hand, I'm a very restless person. | olways want to mave onto the newt thing ‘and never realy settle down, [BF Look atthe adjectives below. Check their meaning and decide if they are positive (P), negative (N) or either (€). conscientious __—insecure ecconine krowledagscble humble arrow minded imaginative selfish impulsive thoughtful =. = $B © v8 You will hear six people talking about someone they know. Match the speakers withthe adjectives in Exercite 2, There are four adjectives youdor’tneed. Speaker 1 Speoker 4 _ Speaker 2 Specker 5 Speaker 3 Speaker [Bi Add one of the suffixes in the boxto each adjective tomake a noun. Make any other changes needed. Then think of other parts of speech for these words. jy ness “on [Bl complete the sentence with the correct form of one of the words from Exercise 2. 1 What volue most in life is. That's why! bought e house and gate steady job while | was sill in my twenties 2 The tour guide spoke very bout the family who used fo own the staely home. 3 One of my worst qualities is my __. Whenever Ihave an ideo, | end to ect on it sraight away, ofan without thinking it through properly. 4 My other werked hard all his life and my grandather too. Iihink Inherited thee 5 loft my home town because ofthe ofthe people, There soams to be « very negative atiude torr cry wen bala cr ile 6 My bos friend very ___ bought me.o new poi of gloves as she knew ld lost mine. 7 Iwas very cof you not 0 put patrol in my car when you borrowed it | don’ even have enough lo get fo work lomocrow. 8 My grondfather hos started behaving rather since he reired. For a start he now alwoys wears shorts end fip-lops, no matter what the weather is. (Bl work wien s partner, take turns to choos personality trait from Exercise 2 and describe how a person with this trait acts. Can your partner guess which trait it is? This person always remembers ‘me to check how | arn and always comes to my oid when ybirthdey. She often calls need help with something. (thoughetul) Cees dedPerr QUESTION FORMS GRAMMAR ON THE MOVE Watch the video i] Look at the picture. What do you know about the actor, Angelina Jolie, and her ‘rainbow family’? @) Match the questions in an imaginary interview with Angelina Jolie with their question types (A-H). Some ofthe questions fit more than one type. 1 Would you mind teling me how many children you havet 2 Two of your childen are twins, aren't they? 3 Could you please tell me whether or net you will edopt ony more children? 4 Do you think iis easier to rise 0 biological child or on adopted childe 5 What would you do if one of your children wanted to {g0 and lve in their courtry of birth? 6 Who or what inspired you to become an actor? 7 When did you decide to give cirecing 0 90? 8 st about lime thot there were more female directors in Hollywood? 9 There should be more opportunites for young ospiring Female direcors, shouldnt there? 10 _| was wondering what your nex! project is going fo be. A. divect question with question word as object B negative question € hypothetical question D indirect Yes/No question E indirect question-word question F tog question G either/or question H direct question with question word as subject GF © vv» Listen to sabel asking questions 2 and 9 two different ways. In which version of each question Isabel confirming information (C) and in which is she unsure and actually asking a question (U)? How de you know? 1 a Twootyour children ore wins, arent they? b Twoofyour children ore ‘wins, aren they? 2 a There should be more ‘opportunities fer young capiring femole directors, shoulda theret There should be more ‘opportunities for yung aspiring femola directors, shouldn't there? © GRAMMAR REFERENCE | Question forms: ___ NE EFT 1) complete the questions with the correct tag. Then practise saying them with rising and falling. intonation. 1 You shouldn't wel home on your own after dark, ? 2 You'd already seen tht lm, : 3 There are six children on your mother’s side of the Family, 2 4° My brother would help me if| were in rouble, ? 5 You've never met set of triplets, 6 Geting morried too young i no a good! idea, ? IBY Look at indirect questions 1, 3 and 10 in Exercise 2 Underline the introductory phrase for each that make them more polite. What happens to the word order after these introductory phrases? 1B) Rearrange the words to form indirect questions, Why do two of these ‘questions’ not need a question mark? 1 not / morried / | / or / wondering / you're / whothor / ws / 2 pleose / s0 / why / were / could / late / explain / you / you /# 3 have / know / in / td / relatives / the / like / if / UK / any / you / 10 / 4 toling / car / for / would / you / how / your / you / me / mind / much / poid /? 5 you / think / Ike / do / tof @ / youd / Family / thot / big / hove / ?010 Listen to two students, Anthea and Robin, answering a Speaking Part 1 question. 1. What question do you think Anthea and Robin were asked? 2 Whose answer is beter? Why 3 Work with @ partner fo ask ond answer the some question. [ead the Part question and answer below. How could the candidate improve the language level of their answer? Match the underlined phrases 1-12 with phrases A-L. Examiner: Who are you closes! in your famiy? Candidate:(1) | ink t's my (2) brother and sist ‘When we were younger, we were (3) very close and spent alot of time together. We have always (4) had on ‘excelent lationship end sometime: its (5) tke we can tall whot the thers are thinking (6) But we do sometimes (7) annoy each other ond we (8) somefimes even argue.and don! peak, but ha s (9) aermal in ‘ony Family relationship. | (10) really trust them and | now (11) thay are ivoys eral when | noed hel, ‘odviee or suppor, And we (12) lke the some things lie ‘music, fashion and TY, which helps. that sid have similar tastes in | can ue fe them 9 on like « house on fre siblings cs if we con read each other's minds inseparable ‘would ist them with my fe have fallen out once in a while | would have o say get on each cther’s nerves ‘ypicel of PRET roO™mOOeD 1B Work witha partner. Ask and answer the Part 1 questions. Try to expand your answers to three or four sentences and use more complex language to link and explain your ideas. 1 Who are you doses to in your fami? 2. Do you prefer io have a few close friends or a laige group of ends? 3. How often do you go out with your kiendst What do you enjoy doing with your Friands® a [Bf complete the sentences with words from the box +o form idiomatic expressions. books poles tears injury chip _high 1 Mybrother borrowed my car without exking and when he retumed it, there were scratches and dents (on the pastanger-side door: To add insult fo he loimed tha the damoge wat akeady there and rehsed to pay for the reps 2 Although they ore twins, Phil and Dovid are: ‘apart in terms of personaly. 3 Maggie musthavec ____on her sheulder ckout the fact hat have more fllowers than her on sccial media becase she i always goirg on about i. | don't know how she got tht jab. She most have friends in ploces 5 think fm nr my Mum's bod = forgot to pick up her dry deoning like she esked! me to 6 There were so many negative comments on my latest ‘weet that reduced me to ond | never ery! [Bl Match the idiomatic expressions in Exercise 1 with their meanings (A-F). A mak (somebody) ery _ 'B hold o grudge er grievance agains! someons about something © ‘totally diferent D make ¢ bod situation worse E hove good sociol connections wih influential people F hove done something to upse! someone [I choote two ofthe expressions inthis section and write your own sentences which show thelr meaning clear. peer ee ew ee Re ee eee ew ew ew ee ee eee ee eee wee —— well —— oe [om 1 [000 company{Bl Read another post from the same blogger, Some words n¢ negative prefix so that they make sense in the context. Find the words and add the correct prefix. UT 4 NEGATIVE PREFIXES [BB Look at the undertined words with negative prefixes airs peu in the blog post. Most of the prefixes mean not. Wi ‘one means bed/wrong? Which one means against? It seems impossible to believe that os recently as. 15 yoors ago social media borahy Unquestionably, the internet has changed the ‘world, and, some would say, not for the better. Ata family gathering at the weekend, | decided fo csk my older relatives whot they thought. My grandmother, Eleen, said thot the internel was unthinkable when she was a girl and was quite disapproving of the role of smart phones and social media in the modem world. For her, iis totlly inappropriate and extremely orf-s0cial to bing phones tothe dinner table, for example. | think thet was an indirect criticism of me! ‘My groat unclo, Rupert, wos more concerned about the misinformation that ison the intorne, particularly foke news! stories. He actually feels sorry for us for having the misforune to have been bom in the computer age. In any cose, he said, most of what people post online is inrelevant nonsense in his opinion. Even my dad More and mere young people are staying with their rents for longer. Is nol hat theye capable of looking after themselves, ifs just that the cou vg mls & pal er ef become dependent. n many large cies there is sufficient housing, which means ren are creciby high. Owning o house is totally affordable for most people under 30. This ead to.conent omong young edu, who know that their porents were home-owmers al their age. Alot of racvates | know feo! that they have been lad. Thay were told that they completed higher education, they would get good jobe and geet he hosing lade This ed otto true, [Bl Work in groups Discuss the questions, 1 Do your elder resins all fee! the some wey about the internet, social medka, and mobile phones? How eosy or dificult is it for young people in your country to buy or ret thsir own homes? ‘Arwhat age do young people in your country typically ison their side. He soid many young people use feane home? Why? Is this © good age, do you think? their phones responsibly, walking down the sfreet or even riding their bikes and looking at their phones inseod of looking where they are going If he had his way, would be ilegal to Use a smanphone whila you ride [BB ead thetirst paragraph of the text and find out |B Putthe words from the boxin the correct columns of Saari iaes venense the table. Each word can goin more than one category. Then look agen at the words from Exercise 1.Can you see any tendencies about when we use each prefix? Ii] nena the article quichy nd make netason the writer’s attitude to Dunbar’s number. Which parts of the article helped you to decide? [B) Look at the question below. Choose the option that best matches your notes. What is he writs attude fe Dunbr's theory? -—— ‘A. The cigital oge has made iirelevant conformist rational stable mature understood competent sersiive able moral ogrecable professionel establshment courteous logical eee B Some of Dunbor's evidence is net vad. IN. . € The writer is absolutely cominced by i. Dis: There may be some tush to i = = [Bi Now, answer the question below. z Which ward in the text implies a deliberate reduction in MIS st NON- A call{ine 50) 3 B falls fine 55) aN © dividing (ine 56) | D intimate (line 59)Bi Read the tip and then look at the exam question. Match the options (A-D) Tips Some question ree tothe wiles Screen ihisbsic ty eeperemar eee teretapien | Tone Reet Then choose the correct option. Tlncore ates ara may be pis the write males cut Why does the writer talk cbout Christmas cards in Paragraph 4? foray wenn oh OS ES a ‘A. to highlight the change from paper to digital greetings “You wil need io read the whole Bo illustrate the rising cost of using the postal system poragraph to identify tho distroctors, C to provide ancther example of why Dunbar may be right D to show we now have a wider social network than before i) This idea mey be true, but itis not stated in the poragroph, ii) The phrases ‘one piece of evidence fo suppor.’ and ‘perficla significance’ point to this being he correct answer iif) This idea is mentioned but only os background information, iv) A key word from the option is mentioned in the paragraph, but the text does net say thot the whe sentence is rue IB Now answer the question below. ‘Why doos the writr mention the Power Law in Paragraph 5? ‘A. becouse it wos the law that Dunbar applied to his theory © _to suggost wo should edit our friends list rogularhy B to chow thot many people have very large networks Dt show the number in MeCormick’s study is misleoding ‘ne place of evidence used to support Dunbar’s number was based on Ec the number of Cristmas cards sent and received by UK househols, typically fess than 160. The iat 20 years hat sean a dramatic crop inthe ‘radon of sending actual cards inthe post; instead, val greetings are ‘sont fo a much larger number of acquaintances atte or no cast. ‘The Christmas care example cas particular srificence because it 4 implies a quant fable ciference between somecne you actually have a 5 7 eationstip wit and someone you know. it you ae wing to buy a card, - tnvelops and stamp. and spend tine hancwriting @ message and address and ooing to the post office, you probeby have socal eationship with hat comes to mind whan you hear the number 150? For most ‘that person. Cicking ‘ada trend’ on social media does not imply the same eople nowadays, the ansner would be nahing special Homewer, Investment of tie and emotion, inthe 1990s, many people would have essocltod the number 150 with anthropologist and evolutionary psychologst Robin Dune. though 150, Was ‘unbar's number, wasn't as many people imagined, an exact number the number was orginally 148, but thas alsoibeen seen mare 2s ‘range of rumbers from about 100 to 260. So what was Dunbar referring to and why was tho numoor 150 considered 6o significant? Based on wide-ranging researc, Dunbar ad calculated that 150 was the ‘maximumn number of ‘stable relationships’ an incividual could maintain. This may not have been ‘co controversial inthe te twentieth century, RADE nit erm aga, We hve Det ev doe Noe aaron ae eas a >» all dene a social media ‘cul’, where we delete or ‘untiond’ people we no Clearty, Ounbar’s data came from the real rather than the itual world. jonger evo much in comron with. anything, ths seems to add support Hs orignal work was based on workers al BHI Gore's GORE-TEX Tactry, to Dunbar's theory; we ere consciously or sub-conscousl aware that We where he was interested in teamwork and group cooperation. He cannot maint sucha large network discovered thet where the numberof peoole working na tactory ‘exceoded 150, working cokaboratively became ls likely ano, where it did occur less effective. What makes Dunbar’ teoty more competing is ‘hati seemed tohold true in diverse contests, incuding rate American frites, the Amish (a eigious comunity untouched by the modern wor), and th miitary and mocivalvilages described inthe Qoorstiay book A quick olance at any social mada site wil reveal that most people have 2 hhage number of contacts orien. A 2010 study by Tyler McCormick and two others found a mean network clze of 611 contac, eo four tes larger than Durbar would suggests realist. Barabasi and Albert, honever, explain thatthe ‘Power La’ has io be appl to this statistic This means that while afew indviduals havea very large numberof ‘connections, most paopie have a much smaller number. We are all aware othe phenomenon of meeting someone at an wvent. adding them on ‘Another interesting aspect of Dunber's soci interaction theory is that the key number, 150, rises and fais according to ale of formula. +a Othorsigniticant numbors aro based on diving or multiplying te orignal ‘umber by 3. So for ecample, you might have 80 trends and acquaintances you would invite toa diane party, 15 people you can ‘always tum to for eevee and § members of your intimate cle. At the ‘Dunbar hag uncovered a unwersal truth, surely {had 10 be expiained by other end ofthe spectrum, you might have about 500 aoquaintances and biology He suggested that primates, including humans, have large brains around 1500 people whose Faces you can match fo thelr names. IS te allow them to keep pace with alge number of socal contacts ‘worth emphasising that all these numbers are approximate, but i we The size of an individual's neocortex, Dunber claims, correlaes tothe spend gore time considering our own networks, they dont sem toe ‘umber of socal interactions that an indival can deal with. As we all too far off the mark, Dunbars number predates the word ot almoct non, maintaining relationships is cognitive demanding activity, sot _unwersal social media — yet even without knawing te changes to come, Seems to make sense that we can ony hand afiite numberof them, he seems to have been onto somethingVERB PATTERNS (1) - GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES GRAMMAR ON THE MOVE geaarns oy % GRAMMAR REFERENCE | Vorb potters (I) Page 200 Gerunds and i © ou Listen toa conversation between classmates Held and Amalie. Whats the problem and what solution do they agree on? 1B © 0%. iston again and complete the gaps with the correct form of the verb in brackets, 7 neglected to tel (ed 2 ene the sense ___ (ak) 3 howe the chance (tlk) 4 hove a srange way of ___it chow) 5 how obovt we try (ge) 6 specialise in (do) 7 hate Ariss) 8 clwcys wonted go) 9 famous for (forget) 10 na hope of (oe) TI you could ry femei) 12 letyou ‘on extension havel 13 seems be) ‘Find examples from the dialogue of the following: 1 verb + 10+ infiritve 2 verb verbs + ing 3 verb tht changes its meaning when followed by ether f+ infinitive or verb + ing aun + 10+ infinitive cadiecve + preposiion + verb + -ing verb + preposition + verb + ing noun + preposition + verb + ing verb + ing (gerund) os subject verb + infinitive (without fc) eaNnous (@ Tick the correct sentences. Correct the sentences: with mistakes. 1 Most of my relations eniay participate in family gotherngs. 2. The lst thing you need is to hove your in-lows over for the holidays ‘3 She's incopable of to think about anyone but herself 4 end to meet friends in cafes or parks rather thon invite them to my place. 5 My grandfather had dificuly to learn how to wse computer, 6 Ifs.up 0 you forgive him for le fo you. Look at the pairs of sentences. Are they similar or different in meaning? Explain your answers to your partner, 1. Ws dithcul for me to remember all my cousins’ names. ‘have difcuty in remembaring oll my cousins’ names, 2. Do you romamber reading bedtime storios to your younger brthart Did you remember to read bedtime storias fo your younger brathar? 3 Zohair happened to be in Almeria at the same time as ma, Lots of things happened to Zohoir and me in Almario. 4 regret o tell you lm moving out et he end ofthe month, | regret telling you I'm moving out at the end of the month. 5 Keith stored to toll me the sory of how he met Dey, Keith started telling me the tory of how he met Daisy [ll read the Part essay question. n groups, discuss your ideas. Your class has interviewed some older people ‘about the changing role of friends throughout Ife. You have made the notes below. Which time of I friondshipe? = School anc university * AAUItTe Some opinions expressed in the + Oldage interviews: “The friands you make aged 16-25 last the longest.” ‘Friendships change as Interests and responsibilities change.’ ‘People have more time for friendships when they are older’Write an essay discussing friendship in two of the ‘age groups. You should explain which time in life you think is more important for friendships, and {give reasons to support yaur opinion. You may, If you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, out you should use your own words 2s far as possibie, [BB Work with a partner. Look at this student's essay a discuss the questions. Most people recognise the importance. of ‘friendship, of having people of similar interests to tam to secialiy, cutside of family. However, the sigrificance of Friends can vary throughout Utes journey, and. personally speaking, | would, ‘say that the older one becomes, the less important friends tend to be. For me, friendships matter the most during your late teers and early adult life. Wren you are in secondary school, ob is your friends mah ‘whom you share Life experiences and it is them seu tum to to discuss the things that matter. ‘The generation gap between children and. parents ears thab they don't understand, each other in the same way. In a sixilar vein, friendships formed. at university are often buile on the shared experience of being away from home for the first time, ard. as such can also be deep and, Long-lasting. However, when ik comes to adult Life, | would. say that friends have a lesser role. Gebting married, buying & house and having chikdren is a. full-time ob, meaning tha existing friendships often have to bake & backseat. You may see your oldest friends and even forw new friendadips with, for example, work colleagues or other parents, but these are rarely as intimate as those in your youth as mary of them are: usuably caught up in their onn lives 1m conclusion, | think it is fair to say that during your youth, friends play a vital role in Life, but tear importance often diminishes Kish the responsibilities of adule life, 1 nthe fist poragroph, there are two sentences ‘What isthe purpose of each 2. inthe second ond third (bedy) paragraphs, which sentence in eoch inroduces the main argument? 3 Hew mony supporting poin's ae therein each of these body poragrephs? 4 What is the purpose of the inal paragraph? 5 Do you think ths is « good answer to the question? Con you suggest ony alternative ways 10 opproach this essaye [Write your own answer tothe question in 220-260 words, [Bl Look at the mind map for the word REAL. Fillin the parts of speech. Write adj (adjective), adv (adverb), ‘n(noun) or v (verb) after ‘each word. [Bi choose one word from the REAL family for each gap. My children lke the idea of being independent but they ore no 0 heen on the Ei ying thelr own way in life Ws abit fo expect fo get on well wih everybody. Ade ink we ean invite all cof our cousins to the wedding ~it wll cost too much. {By 100k at gaps 1-21n the word formation exercise and ‘options A-D for each g: Which part of speech is ‘each option? Which one fits each gap? 2 A. frustrate © frosrtion B Frustrated D fresrating ‘A. supportive © supported B unwpporiive — D_supporting SE Friends or contacts? ing it (1) ‘that social FRUSTRATE ‘media sites use the word frends’ insiead of the more neutral ‘contacts’. To me, a friend isa person you can tum to in dificult times, who will Be (2) when’ ‘SUPPORT you have problems. Also, your fiends ‘should (@) — live IDEAL reasonably close so thet they oan help out in a crisis. | suppose a eocial media contact could (a) care about GENUINE you, but | usually trust people | know in real lite much more. | am fine chatting online with people who share the same interests — Inmy casa, ballroom danoing ~ as itcan be lificult in real ile to find fiends who share ENTHUSE, MARRY for my hobby. and hoping, to most someone in the future but | have not ‘sarously considered online dating. For one thing, my family’s 7) APPROVE would put me oft. (0 {Bl Now complete the rest of the gaps. ‘unr [cooncompany EiREADING AND USE OF ENGLISH PART 5 © exam Fact There ores mulipe choice questions each of which hot feur options They tes! your dolaled understondg of the ton including aspect sch es the wre’ opinion, orice purpote, vse of examples and word choice @ Exam TIP The comoct answers aro usvally expressed with synonyms/ poraphrase, ond normaly all he options are mentioned In some Form burt only one will answer the question You are going to read an article about twins. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text, ‘As.acchild, | fantasised about being a twin. My favourite seties of books featured a pair of wins called Pat and Isobel O'Sullivan. They were always playing ticks on the teachers at their boarding schoo, pretending to be one nother, and the idea of having my own facsimile fascinated me. The realty is probably quite different. Fora start, only about 10 percent of twins are identical, znd having @ fraternal — or non-identical — twin is not 50 cifferent from having other siblings. ‘The tkelthood of being a fraternal twin varies according to several factors, whila a woman's chance of giving birth to identical twins is stable wherever she lives. The highest incidence of twins occurs in Africa, particularly among the Yoruba poopio, which could be linked to a particuler type cf yam in their diet. Other factors which make you more prone to conceiving twins include @ history of twins in the family, being an older mother, having had several previous pregnancies and being of taller and heavier build ‘Tho twin birth rate has risen all over the world in the last few decades. in tho United States, itrose 76 percent between 1980 and 2008 from 18.8 to 33.3 per 1,000 births, which is clearly related to medical advances and procedures such as IVF Twins have always captured the popular imagination. Greek, Roman and Indian mythology all have examples which illustrate the different relationships between twins. (One thome running through many mythologies is the association of twins with royalty. in one Greek myth, Castor and Pollux were twins but whereas Castor was a mortal, Pollux was the son of the god Zeus. Pollux's ove for his twin led him to beg Zeus to let Castor ive on, and Zeus created the astrological constellation Gemini in their honour. In sharp contrast, there was no love lost between mythical twin founders of Rome, Romulus and Remus, bast known for being nurtured by @ wolt, The competition between them led to fraticide ~ Remus was murdered by his twin brother, Romulus.Im the moter era, too, fascinating stories abound of the Unique bond and intultion that exists between twins, One of my teachers at school once brought her twin sister ‘along on a schoo! trip and on the bus, they regaled us with stories of their experience as twins. One day apparently, Jil, tho younger twin, was schedulod for surgery on her ear at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. At about 40am, my teacher, Jacky, was at home and suddenly experienced an excruciating pain in her left ear, making her fal to the ground. The pain vanished as quickly as it had eppeared. Later, Jacky got a call rom her mother, telling her Jil’s surgery had been moved forward to 10am, ‘Another time, the two of them were talking on the phone when Jacky smelt burning. She mentiones this to ll, who. ran to her kitchen to find her toast burning. | adit my younger self was intrigued and convinced, though now | sometimes wonder whether they were just good stories, (One particular case of identical twins, that of Mia Hansen and Alexendra Hauglum. who were separated at birth, would lair reignite my interest inthis subject matter. These CChinase twin girs wore found abandoned in a cardboard Dax as babies and put up for adoption separately. ” ‘At the adoption agency, the two sets of parents ane ‘American and the other Norwegian ~ noticed each other because they hiad chosen similar red and white checked ‘gingham dresses to take their new babies home in. Chatting about the coincidence, tho parents noticad tho remarkable similarity botween the babios as wall. ‘When they raised it with the authorities, thay denied that the gis were related. Neither family could forget the meeting and eventually arranged DNA tests, which revealed the children were identical twins. The girls met in California when they were six and again in Norway when ‘they were eight. Although they spoke different languages and had very citferent itestyies, the similarities in personally, kes and dislikes, mannerisms and tone of voice were striking, This isa recurring theme in ‘separated at birth’ stories, revealing the role of nature in people's identities. In spite of the growing rate of twin births, the allure of twins remains. Subject of myths and legends, suspicions {and intrigue, considered both ‘double trouble’ and the roatost of blossings, twins will aways romain a'rich part of cultures ail over the world 1 Overall, how would you deseribe the writers otttude towards twins? A jealous of people whe are Wins B surprised at people’ interest in twins interested in stories about wins D_doubsful whether twins are special 2 The purpose of paragraph 2 isto explin ‘A. why some people are mors likely fo have twins. B why there ore more Fraternal than identical twins, hy Yorube women ore more likely io have twins. why the number of twins being born has increased. 3 Why does the weiter refer to twins from Greek and Roman mythology? A explain how Gemini bacome «sign of he zodiae B_ 'o show that twins have always been of interes! € lo demonsroe he importance of twin myths to moke the point hat wins rarely get on 4 How does the writer fae about her teacher's stories? ‘A amazed this hoppened te someone the knew B convinced her teacher had lied about hem © unsure whether to believe them or nol D cbscllely sure the stories were ue 5 The purpose ofthe anecdote in paragraph 5 i. A. 10 show that twins raised apart are still very similar. B10 sages thet female babios are not volued in China, © tocricise the auhoritis for lying abou he bwin. D ‘ohighlght he role upbringing plays in shaping a child. The phrose ‘recurring theme’ fine 74) suggests that Mio ond Alexondko's cass. unclear. complicated. exceptional ypical vom Sour Te00p ComPANY| @ exam Fact @ Exam TIP | | You have fo complete the eight gops inthe fox! with the Sometimes the form ofthe word you need may be negotive. correct form of the word given ai the end of the line. Study the sentence carehly'o s00 which port of speach is a | needed and road the sentence coreflly to decide whether | yeu need fo add « regotive prefix: | For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to forma word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).. “The average number of children per woman has now (0) nruni SHRINK to under two. This is (1) ‘due tothe fact that the number LARGE ‘of women who remain (2) has risen to one in five, CHILD In much of the world, (3) isnow a choice for women and REPRODUCE ‘many prefer to opt out. On the other end of the spectrum, there are some families in Britain who goo the other extreme, most (4) NOTE the Radford family from Morecambe, Lancashire, who welcomed their 21st Child last month. Like some other large families, usually from the US, tho Radfords have their onn (5) TV show, which is currently REAL called 21 Kids and Counting. The show reveals a normal, loving tary fl ot humour, kindness and (6) Allthe children seemtoget. GENEROUS ‘on very well together with the older ones helping the younger onas in a solfiess manner. It is shocking to learn, however, that some people can be very (7) ‘whon it comes to large families. Parente Sue JuDGe ‘and Noel have been on the recelving end of some very nasty comments, in ‘my view, this behaviour shows those people's (8) SECUREWRITING PART 1: AN ESSAY @ Exam Fact * You hove to write 220-260 words besed on the information You must discuss twa of the three paints in the ‘notes’ seclon, * You con use opinions or come up with your own ideas @ Exam TIP * An estay should have a clear intodvetion ard conclusion * In your body paragraphs you prevent your idees. Choose Cone oF two pols ond mole sute you develop your ideas/ ergumenis coor Recently your class took part in a discussion on the impact of social media on human telationships. You have mace the notes below. The impact of soe! + Personal communication ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion: + Sharad interasts + Support groups: “Ws easy to keep in touch now that we've left school" ‘Yve discovered a completely new hobby. "its good to know there are people who share my viows. Write an essay discussing two of the impacts from your notes. You should say which impact of social media on human relationships is more significant, giving roasone in ‘support of your anewor. Be Ut @ exam Fact + The quentons nts pat ore geperaly personal + You are not expeced to inet wih the oer candidate + Topics generally include aspect of eeryday fe and experianced @ Exam TIP * look a: ps’ papers and practise answering quations + Try to mole sure your answers ore walldevelcped. * look for opportunites 1 show of higherlevel lnguoge Work witha partner. Take turns asking and answering questions from Part 1 of the Ci Advanced speaking exam. How would you describe yoursslt?, Who has the biggest influence on you~ your family oF your friends? Do you enjoy socialising in small groups or big groups? Do you think itis important to see friends regularly? How often de you use social media? What type of social modie posts intorost you? Do you communicate with family members through social media? Have you changed the way you use'social media recently?REAL WORLD J Read the clues and decide what each acronym, or abbreviation means. They are all commonly used on social media in English. 1 1OL_levahed out loud _ ~when you found something funny 2 OMG = en expression of surprise 3 BRE =I retun shorty 4 Ic ~1o signal something you might not have seen 5 NSFW = a warning thot something is not oppropriae in « workploce environment 6 Nw = Ws fin, 7 Bw — used fo inrodiew something incdenaly 8 ASAP ~ when something needs 1 be done quickly 9 FOO ~consant checking of social media to See what your kiends are dong 10 something you do to indicate groftuce or respect for what someone has done Work with a partner. Discuss what advice you ‘would give to someone who has recently joined your favourite social media platform and is about to post for the first time. Then read the text quickly. Was any of your advice given? [Ey Motch the headings (A-1) with the advice sections (1-6) in the text. There are some headings you don’t need. Keep them guesing Choose the right forum ‘Avcid ambiguity Limit your poss Get it off your chest Consider your whole audience when sharing Have a schedule for posting Calm down belore you pos! Keep interesting -zra™™voeD a 1 yo we} [ RIEOUS SOCIAL MEDIA ETIQUETTE: Pe So, you have finally decided to get on board with social media? You have probably heard plenty of horror stories about relationshipsirreparably damaged by an ill-advised post on a social media site. Perhaps this is what has put you off being active online in the past. Or maybe you are a young person just starting out on social media, deciding who you are going to‘be’ online. Even if you are a seasoned User, these tips will help you avoid causing offence and losing friends in the virtuat domain. 2 Most offence is caused by posts created and posted in the heat ofthe moment. Posting a comment you may later regret is worse in many ways then being rude in real life because it can beread by an unlimited number of peopleit was not intended for You Can be udged by those who don't even know you, Sometimes givingne response can be more powerful than posting in haste. 2 For you, reaching level 200 of your favourite game might be 2 joytul and significant achievement, but wil others feel the ‘same? People often get iritated with uninteresting or repetitive posts. lonce had a friend who shared her daily horoscope predictions every single day. This may lead to people unfollowing or even unfriending you. In reallife you wouldn't keep on talking about a subject no one was interested in, so don’t doit online either. 3 if you want to rant, complain or get advice on a serious matter, popularsocial media sites may not be the best ‘option. People on Facebook and Instagram, for example, are often scrolling through quickly while waiting forthe bus or watching TY. They are not usually interested in reading your in-depth thoughisn the state of the nation or giving detailed advice on your relationship problems. There are specialist sites where this kind of content might be more appropriate. 4 she’ There is huge variation in the amount people post on social media They might not post anything for months and then post many timesin one day when they are on holiday, for example, More than three posts per day may be considered excessive. lf you are posting about a special occasion, itis often better to create one post with athe photos you want toshare rather than separate posts for each picture. 5 = ¥ = Clicking ‘share’ on something only takes a second, butthe effects can last forever. Most of us have hundreds of friends" ‘on sacial media, including family members, friends, acquaintances, neighbours, colleagues and friends of fflends. inevitably, among those will be people of different religious and political views and those with conservative and liberal outiooks, Ultimately, its up to you which views you wish to publicise through your social media presence, bbut consider whether you really stand behind a post that may offend yourcontacts.‘Some posters ere deliberately vague with messages such 36 'Can'telieve what has happened ... They often do this to get a reaction as ther fiends willbe keen to get clarification, Thisis generally seen as immature attention- seeking behaviour because it can cause unnecessary worry as people speculate that some tragedy has befallen the poster, who has in fact, Just lost thelr phone or broken 2 nail. Online communication already has a massive potential for misunderstanding, so don't add to this by posting content that could be misinterpreted. So, remember that just because you are sitting comfortably at home, virtual reality is also the real worid. ‘Don't underestimate the damage that can be done- ‘to yourself and others ~by careless posting, liking and sharing. Replace the highlighted words and phrases with the synonyms below. 1 happened to 4 miscalculate 2. experienced fa) 5 speak angry 3 who's going on in 6 unwive the country. Work with your partner again and discuss the advice given in the text. Do you agree/disagree with it? Why? © 022 You will hear three short conversations related to etiquette in real world situations. Listen and decide what you think each situation could be. @.12 Listen again and complete the gaps to make expressions of politeness CSR Conversation 1 1 but eit OK if sthere? tive made abit oF a mess. | don’ need 3 Thofs much space Conversation 2 4 to give us sme odicet 5 Wal, could you recomm somewhere to buy o few small souvenirs? 6 help. Conversation 3 7 Sef bur changing if é = = give us some Feedback on our website. om Work with a partner. Look at the following situations. Choose one of them and write a conversation using as many expressions of politeness from Exercise 72s you can. 1 Avwraiter has brought you the wrong mel in a restourent 2 Somebody tls you tha! you ore sting in their reserved seat on a train 3 You are having dinner ot someone's house ond they serve you some food that you are allergic fo. 4 You need some help understanding bus imetabl @ Watch the video about social etiquette in the UK. Make notes on the advice given to visitors to the UK. + opologising © punctuality * queuing and public transport + greeting people + hoving dinner UNDERSTANDING AND DESCRIBING YOUR OWN AND OTHER’S CULTURES Find some websites which give advice to visitors to ‘your country. Which advice do you agree/disagree ‘with? Plan a short presentation for the lass on what ‘you think visitors to your country need to be aware of. eer e ro a ae ee(aru BB work with a partner to complete the quiz. Then put your knowledge to the test with our quizt «the Roadster, built by Elon ‘Musk’s firm Tesla in Californio in 2008. bb produced in Russia in the 1950's, but then converted into «© petrl car «€ created by an engineer from Scotland called Robert Anderson in 1832. «@ electric vehicles (EV) b fossil fuel vehicles. © quieter b noisier @ Norwoy. b New Zealand @ 100%. b 1000%. Hl Complete gaps 1-4 with one word in each space. Use the clues below to help you. Gop iSemetmes © |) Gao 2: Although cod opp rightbe port ia. | i pee, don fll Shrote Here you reed | ie he on of writing Jocompleieatiree |b Which arepsiion word pase hat weons | compides he phos Gam oor becauie | be focad... diaist THE ELECTRIC EGG {In 1942, reports began circulating (0) of _astrange shiny litle ear ‘that silently lashed around the streets of Paris, This turned out to be the Invention of artist and engineer Peul Arzene, and it soon acquired a name, LCEuf Electrique (The Electric Egg), on (1)___of ts shape. Faced (2) ‘scarcity of materials, Arzens' approach to the design of his car had been nothing (3) of revolutionary. His solution was to (6) away with the conventional shape of 2 car body and Instead construct a lightweight oval frame of aluminium. This tapered to a blunt point at the rear, behind (8) was the: third whee! and motor. This ran on electricity rather than petrol, making the Egg much cleaner than most other vehicles of the day. Sadly, the Electric Egg never caught on, and Arzens’ prototype was the (6) __ one ever constructed. However, in (7) way should it be seen as a failure. Arzens demonstrated first (8) foremost that a graceful non-poliuting car F could be built with minimal resources. Now complete the other four gaps.VOCABULARY TRAVEL [BI Work with a partner. Make alist of as many kinds of vehicle as you can, including ones that travel by air, by waterand by land, [Bi Putthe following words and phrases into the most suitable transport categories in the Venn diagram. Usea jonary if you have one. track (n) reverse) boot fa) give way (1 carriage |n) board (vy) cabin (n) shuttle (n) ‘congestion ir) wreck (n) overtake (v1 commute (v) divert [v) A, OK, $0 track is that connected with | ving, driving or taking the train? Taking } “which i © rough road or path ora “rasing track” So, for ma, ifs deving and foking the tain fying sailing driving ack taking the train [Bl complete the travel announcements with a word from Exe 4 Faght atonds es Cee ira eer [Bl vecide which of the words in Exer 102 have other uses/meanings in different contexts and as different parts of speech. Try to work out the meaning of the underlined word or phrase. 1 Weting things in my phone calendar i he best wary to esp torkol everything | need fo remember bod. 2 | thought learning to drive would be easy but the raversa wot tre. I needed to take the ts! a few Himes before | posse 3 will over poss my driving tos: Everytime | got bbahind the whoa! | turn into © narvous wreck ond forget todo the bosic things. 4 nally | wos bit dubious obout electric cars, but now that have hod the long erm and envizonmenicl bbenefis explained fo me, Lam fully on board withthe idea. 5m prety sure that within the next few years, he production of electric cars will overtake that of conventional povrol powered cars Which of the ideas/experiences mentioned in Exercise 4 are true for you or do you agree with? ‘Compare with a partner and explain. 2 im the correct form. , eeeDETERMINERS AND QUANTIFIERS GRAMMAR ON THE MOVE Watch the video [HB complete this text about a traveller by adding ‘the following words in the correct place. Use each word once. plenty onether every whole much mony each THE MAN COS aaa In 2016, Sal Lavallo quit his job and embarked ‘on a quest to vsit (1)___single country on the planet. wasn't actually as ambitious as it may sound, Sa) had been to an international ‘school, where he had classmates {rom ecross the (2) world. He'd kept in touch with them, and so there were (3) ___of people he knew he'd be abje to stay with during his journey, which would save him some money. ‘Spending 20 (4) time on the road, Sal has leamt to expect the unexpected. ' tried to, enter Ivory Coast by two different land borders, but) was closed! Sal says. Fortunately, the third was open, enabling Sal to tick off yet (6)____ county from his growing list One thing he's enjoyed about visiting so (7)____ countries has been the opportunity to establish new friendships anc to see what he describes as the beauty within people. ‘| am yet to meet a person that | am unable to connect with and feel similar to. When | look at a map | 898 faces’ 1B compicte the sentences with the correct option. 1 @_ Inthe farmyard, there was 0 troctor and an old van. But no/neither vehicle oppeared to be roadworthy. b For me, there's no/neither beter driving experience thon taking the Route ofthe Seven Lakes in South Acgenina to Borloche. 2 @ Acneday travel poss allows you to use public transport throughout the wrhole/all city. What makes Jochpur such a spectacular place is that Virtually whoe/al he cy is painted blue. 3° @ We're taking two suitcases, and each/every one weighs ‘about 4 kilos when emply. b_Inviiually eoch/every couniry ve visited, ve been touched by how hospitable people are towards travellers. 4 I ehuse on principle to use any/whatever form of opr ich carer moe on emir ac pollsion. 1B The mechanic was very inventive and could mend cars vith any/whatever moterials were aveilable. 5 @ My doily commute to werk tokes me less/fewer time thon it used to, Bb Therace wil be cancelled ifthere are less/fewer thon ton competiers ‘Ther is alittle hope of us geting thereon time in such heevy traffic. Bb The calision only caused litle/a litle damage to the front ef the car, and fortunately it was Fully covered by the insurance, o a [GB Add the word of to the correct place in the sentences where necessary. 1 Ive vised several places where | sida fe! entirely safe ‘We knew ilo’ going fo be & tough journey, so we alowed ‘ourselves plenty time to get here. 3) Several the beaches we visited were alnost completely deeerted. 4 Throughout the holiday, we spent ct leas! half he time lounging around by the pool. 5 It seems that no amount suncream would suffice to stop Polly From getting sunburnt 6 there's one thing I've observed in each and every one the countries Ive been, i's this: wherever you ore, peopl love to porty! 7 I cori believe that both us passed our driving test fis time, IB complete the questions with suitable determiners from this section, 1 What would be the bes! way fo rave the __ lengh of your country, om one end fo the other? 2. Doyou think we should moke ips to other ‘counires fo cut down on ei polion? 3 Is there onything you take with you on and long jouiney you meke# [Bi wor wien a partner. Ack and answer the questions. © GRAMMAR REFERENCE / Determiners and quontbers: Page 202Bl L00k atthe biog homepages and answer the questions in pairs. 1 Whot kind of conten would you expect to find in these pages? 2° What would/wouldet appeal to you about reading them® 3. D0 you folow any other bloggers oF Moggers? 4 Have you aver blogged or vlogged? 1B ©e2 Youwittheara radio interviewer with two professional travel-bloggers, Elsa and Rodney, For questione 1-4, choose the answer (A,B, Cor ) which its best according to what you hear. Use the tip boxes to help you. 1 According to Elsa, how do her followers view her life as o travel blogger? A Thoy rocognisa that her lifestyle must be challenging, B They undorestimate the amount of work it involves € They are jealous of those who do what they love fore living. D They doubt whether it can bring a sustoinable income Tipi This lesk offen hos questions where you idenify the 8 ofthe spechers. However, here you nea listen hai Ela says cbout aber people's views, le 2 What is Rodhey/s edviee for attracting lorge rrumbers of folowart? A. Ace posts to your blog regulary B Ensure that your blag is ditinctve. © rcorporae popular search terms info your fet Davita what other successful blogs do. Tip: Notice thatthe interviewer sks this question ving diferent words. Make sure you listen to all of Rodney's ‘answer as he will mention al ofthe points in some form, butonly one of them isthe thing he would recommend, 3 How doss Ela fel about her cares altempls at writng blog posts? ‘A. disappointed that 30 few people sow them B emborrassed obout the quality ofthe writing © confused as to what their purpose actualy surprised that used to take her so long 10 ___wte them Tips Here we need to identify Els opinion, but whal she 2098 ill be © paraghvse f one ofthe options, 0 dort | ‘expec to heor the words inthe opton. 4 What do Rodney and Eka agree about when discussing mistokes tha! bloggers make? A itmoy be some tine belore problems caused by the mistakes become apparent B Fear of making misiokes should stop someone From tying new things Its preferable if ther followers dow spot the misiokes onthe blog. D_Naaking mistakes enables people to enhance their sil. Tips Some questions ask you to idenify whore spackers agree or disagree. Here, focus on what Rodney says in response to the interviewer's question about mistakes and | listen for how Eha expresses he same idea [Decide if the statements about the Listening Part 3 task you have just done are true or false. 1 The format of he listening is usually an interview ora discussion with atleast wo speakers 2 There are four multiple-choice question inthe actual 3. The questions ore inthe same orders the information is prosoniod inthe oucio, 4 The speakers will often mention aspects ofall four of the options in some woy, but only one will acivaly onswer the questiona. Compl the followin; sing th ee a See PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES (1) in cccordonce wih uplo speed | for the mos! port tum Jo some extant in terms of inreverse in two minds [ll Look, the extracts trom the radio interview about travel bloggers. Whats the meaning ofthe underlined phrases? 1 Thessieentivpdie meant agai, ‘A privileged few are obe olive on the read ond mcke & 1 wh the exception ofe steep living by writing about their experiences! climb to the summit “You might think so, but fora star, mos of my Followers 2 Soli Beaenionciusales astiboin.ot ou koa thot l quia coolly kesaiva fobito co te Loh ed ot resorts in onder lo beep wih eee the full range of destinations on offer and provide se first class customer service, ‘Av times | sill have to spend hours getting an arfide tt was just disastrous — becouse of congestion I got to just right! the station late, This meant that | gota later shutle rain fhe airport, ond 0 | missed [By ea the tip box. Then, ook atthe palrs of sentences gh and decide what the difference is between the sete ea So aa Gebers wipes ccna of phrases in bold. as by ising prices in plone Fal, <2 wall slough competion across the travel sector. Tipt Propositional phrasas often const of simple words, 5 voriety of flora and fauna, Ive but their correct use i considered tobe C1 level. As sch, they wi be useful in oll perks of he Achenced exam. Be «corel though! Sometimes a change of preposition ino 191 seen anywhere with greater bio-dversiy than ‘Cuba's Humboldt National Park. res ee 6 fm about whether to walk [pics ei crernty See See | (cll Erloy & Wet ost ballin: 1 @Withsomany potholes in the read, diving 7° Once we land al foreign nationals wil be requesed condtons oe fo from ideal 10 show a completed immigration form, bAter seven morihs om the road and he aston regions. ackennire ofa life, she wos delighted tobe 8 Normally people buy thar fp-lops and beach geor back home ogc, before they fy off on halidoy. This yer fm doing it 2 a No way will ever go comping! Far a start, cand buying my vocation pecvesieE bee Be ctconale when | ett he rarer, dv ocaercl caeegaine [Bl complete the second sentence using the word in b At the start ofthe holiday | dda hink much capitals so thatithas 3 cimilar meaningto the first the hotel, but by he end loved it sentonce, Use between three and six words in 9 Covina ir hal tea CUR Sed each 9p. Australia began in 1935, and the journey took 12 days, which aoemed prof quick at tHe iene. 1 | portyagreethet trekking con betbad! for tie b Ws. really bendy road, and att times | thought | at ‘woe going f be sck | warn though, Frunotely ; ewe 4 =a Our Mountain linerory 75-tire backpack has lg decetncnna = ae been in demand recently and has sld ou, but Oates 2 Ciesel vehicles are allowed because their emisions ask our friendly staff. ore danegrales 1b With movies, mesic ond more en elemand, ifs scent Siccsly oppyoit anrradl Diesel vehiles have been benned 5 a Wetarelled rom Argentina to Peru by way dangerous enissions, ‘of Chic od hon toa 3 | cari decide if should buy bike b That taxiis on the way. I should be herein 15 MINDS tints or 0. \ to buy a bike or ns. e The consnuctonch aden toed nivkaty om 4 This app lets me know al he lates! rove information svth the copia ctyis curently under wary ond from around the ety is due tobe finished by 2028. SPEED Youre rightin a way about he This app enables nud for mre dere vai, : al he ete revel information \ don thik you ore bei 5 Tocomply with European law is compulory to wear renlsie obovate mcleceons, cea vel en forthe cor industry ord for ACCORDANCE Siternis In vehicles, seatbels must a European law.[Bf Decide which option(s) can be used in the following ets sentences. ADVERB MODIFIERS 1 Atlanta Airport handles ‘more pastongors ‘han ony other US airpon. GRAMMAR ON THE Move | ZREE Soe Soe aiiee rossing the Harbour Bridge gives an unbeatable view pane of Sydney and bot! of ell is roo! A sibstanialy Btotclly © quite Bl © ourtisten to Rudy, who is contacting his parents 3 Jet log tends to feel ‘worse whan you rave while on a backpacking holiday. Decideif the ‘rom wast fo east ‘statements are true (1), false (F) or not stated (NS). A much B completely — € absolutely How.do yall enon? 4 the most crowded fight path on eorth is in . Korea, from the copital Seoul fo Jeju, goteway to an 1 Rady is impressed idland of bosch retorts and voleanie erates with the iskand h A. Eesily B Considerably € Totally visting 2 Rudy managed to [By 100k at these sentences with adverb modifiers that oe during his flight modify the whole sentence. Cross out any of the 3 Rudy was options which do not make sense. disappointed with the coach he reveled on. 1 Increcibly/Sody/Fortunaroly, he fights weren't as 4 Ry inl ed roe expensive s | had though! they might be 5 Rudy is confiden! about his waterskiing trip. 2 Tppically/Generaily speaking/ Totally the local 6 Rudy is clways on the lookout for ways to save money, ‘ansport was relioble and comfortable. 3. Simphy/Regretobly/Obviously, we weren't able to visit Hl © 224 There are 11 examples of adverb of degree + ceerywhere we hod planned adjective phrases used in the phone call. Listen again a ee, oem beet 2 heel tn and note down any that you hear. The firstis done advance, so when we arrived, we had to drag our aoe ra bbackoocks fram one hotel to another, looking for utely gorgeo 5 Unsurpisingly/Forunately/Predicaby, the country’s number one theme pork wos very crowded indeed, 1B! complete the following table with the correct adverbs of degree. Some can go into more than one category. totally fairly much quite utterly. completely thoroughly exiremely really incredibly pretty rather sighly litle bit) 4 considerably easly for by k tired | exhausted bod | com beausful | sunning ‘ADVERBS THAT ‘ADVERBS THAT MODIFY | MODIFY COMPARATIVES | mach beter more tired | beautifultm (BB) Look at tne writing task an the text written by 2 student, Read the teacher's comment and look at the 12:mistakes in bold. Match the errors with the descriptions. missing word incorred tense used ‘rong article ‘wrong preposition used ‘exror with word order plural vied instead of singular ‘rong adverb used before adjsctive spelling mistake with single/double letter subject/verb agreement error with use ofinfintive/gerund missing punctuation AS rar OneD ono0000 ooooooL BB correct the student's errors. [& Read the tip box on proofreading on the next page. Then discuss the questions below. 1 Do you already prookoad any piece of writing you produce? Why/Why not? 2. Why might students be reluctant to proofroad a text in ‘on exam sitvotont 3 Are here any repeated errors that you make when you write? Now write your own answer tothe exam question in Exercise 1. When you have finished, spend five minutes proofreading your review. Did you ind any avoldable errors? Write a review of any holiday accommodation you have recently stayed in. Please tell us about your level of satisfaction with the accommodation, say how closely the accommodation matched the description and suggest what could have been done to make your stay ‘even better. My mum and I have just spent 2 weekend in a self-catering apartment in Prague, which we ‘wer booking through findabreak. com, Allin all, we hed the. really pleasurable few days. The flat was ideal in terms of its facites. There was ample room for the "two of, and it was imaginatively decorated, The description and photos on the website are accurate for the ‘most Spart although you could take issue wth the fiat being descibed as ‘centrally located! when in fact it's a goad °20-minutes walk to the main square. Having said that. it was corweniently close 1 the aifport ‘shutle bus, and there's plenty todoin the immediate vicinity, The ice creams from the shop directly opposite the front door is just sensationall And if you're up for it and don't mind *to climb 300 steep steps, the top of the Fortress Tower gives you an "absolutely impressive panorama of al the otys sights, The only suggestions | could offer the ownets of the apartment, would be to cersider "'getting checked the wifi, es the signal was really weak "for times, Also, there vas cuite a lot of traffic noise in the front bedroom, so maybe something “could done to the windows in order for it to be quieter. 1A full and. successful ansner bo all aspects of the question, although i is slighidy too short. Remember tha! yom showd wre between 220 and: 260 words. However ‘ere is a good. range of nabaenl-sounding language, and he tome is friendiy and helpful. On Bre other hand, Here fare several simple hut aycidatte errers, Which you could have. Fixed. with more, careful proofreading [By Match the sentence halves (1-8) with A-H to form the correct prepositional phrases. 1 Ny grandparens prefer to take their holideys out 2. We hod intclly plonned on renting © kayak, butdid soon ‘There's a wealh of historic otracions in the. Fd say thot im | wanted fo rent a cobin in the jungle but my partner wasnt in The holiday wasn't « complete disaser, but in all The hotel offered us free meals by way Ws not « great place to visit wae Ne > favour of tho, saying thot she would sleep ot right for feor of being biton by «snake. of apology for tha mixup with our cooms, retrospect we probably should have checked out he hotel befora we booked it the best of times, but in he winter itis © horrible experiones vicinity of the oparimen! we were stoying in. of season now that they're retired becouse is cheoper thon geing during the school holidays @ honesty, |wouldst use thal aidine agoin 1H. iempulse and it tured out to be the best woy io explore the nature reserve soe am Work with a partner. Discuss what the prepositional es in bold mes‘= When you vite, leave every altemote line empty so you have spoce to make ony corrections in your tex! when you proofread it ‘Everyone's diferent, soit haps if you know what kinds of mistake you moke mos often, ag. using the wrong article, confusing homophones (ike their and there) or making sentences too long. ‘+ When checking your tex, recd eoch sentence separately, starting from the end of the text. + You con alo use your proofreading fo upgrade any low- level language lo something more complex. For example, the top ofthe Fortress Tower gives you e-niee-view an absoltely impressive panorama of all tho city sighs SPEAKING PART 2. Feta ] @ 015 Listen to an examiner giving instructions about a Part 2 Speaking task involving pictures A, 8 and C. Then decide which of the following things you should aim to do. Choose YES, NO or NOT NECESSARILY. describe in detail what eoch picure shows give reasons fox opinions you stole involve your pariner in o discussion say which two pictues you like best compare and contrast he three pictures mention your own experience of being in sitvations like these speculate on why the peor in two of the pictures are traveling in these ways H show that you know some more obscure vocabulary (0g. helipad, handlebars...) 1 discuss some negative aspects of trveling in these ways forthe twa pictures you ore talking about ~monoD ° BI @ «16 Listento a candidate called Giuseppe doing the task, Look again atthe list A-1and tick (/) those that Guiseppe doe: IB] @ 01 Listen to Giuseppe again, and for each pair underline the phrases he uses to give his talk structure, T tfd like to Focus on/t'm going fo tolk about 2 the fundomenial iflerence is/he mein difference is 3 something tke havsomehing along those nes 4 presumobly/probobly 5 in contrast/on the other hand 6 looks like/looks os iF 7 have in common/shere 8 in the same way/similarly BY work with a partner. Take turns to be the examiner and the candidate and practise the photo exam task in Exercise2. ‘Your pictures show people traveling in water ‘vehicles. Why might the people have chosen these forms of transport? How might they be feeling?For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The Kittiwake Launched in 1945, the American ship USS Kittiwake ‘was deployed for the next 49 years (0) os a ‘submarine rescue ship. Iis rescues weren't just O) to assisting submarines. For example, in 192, the ship picked up twelve Cubans, three of (@)______were chitdron, whose boat had got into trouble off the Florida Keys. However, in 1994 the Kittiwake was decommissioned in Norfolk, Virginia, @ itfaced an uncertain future. When the Cayman Islands wanted « shipwreck ‘added to its world-class scuba-diving attractions, they approached the US Maritime Administration (MARAD), wnich keeps decommissioned ships afloat @ they can safely be disposed ® -MARAD donates these ships for use as artificial reets (6) meet the necessary environmental standards. Preparing tha ship involved removing pollutants (7)_____ its five decks, as well as cutting holes in its tl in (@) that the recipient can for divers to access it It seems fting that the Kitiwake is now, after a lifetime keeping people safe underwater, a major diving attraction. EE @ exam Facts «Port 3s th longes pot of tho Listening fe. +The part soo Foote cisossion or inferviw ing ho oF more speakers. @ Exam TPs + Asthe questions olten focus onthe otttede of hoy ‘pay afenton fo any words in the question which ‘tttvde, eg. cicise, dsxppoining, problem. + Bear in mind that questions mey focus onthe vows expressed by ona specter, or ogrsement for disagreement beiween bol speaks @ 017 You witt hear an interview in which two psychologists called Matthew Partridge and Emma Macedo are talking about the benefits of holidays. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which fits best according to what you hear. 1 What point does Matthew make about holiday pleasures? A. Seeing their cileken having fun isthe key for adults B Both children and eduls report tha! they enjoy spending ime together € Theres a big diference between the hichighs of aduls ond children 1D Aduls want jo repect their childhood experiences with their own children 2 According to Emma, he Dutch research concludes that A itishord o predict how enjoyable a holiday i going tobe B people's meod tends to Ructuate during heir holiday. © the fist half ofc holiday tends to be more fun than the second, D enjoyment af « holiday is cesely related tothe ime sport haveing,‘Matthew soys it con be difficult to interpret people's ‘occounts of their holidays becouse they tend to ‘A. feel cifererly depending on how long they go away for. B focus.on proctcal dots in their writen records © look back on past experiences in an over faveurable light D__excggerate the effects of minoc prebloms that did't cfoct heir overll enjoyment ‘Mathow ond Emma agroo that what makes analysing halidey research so complicated is thot ‘A. some holidaymakers forge! fo provide the data to researchers. B people cuickly forget how they were feeling before their holidoy, itis obvious that people will fos! happier before than cher a holidy. D__idowifying what caused a change in altude before or cher a holidey can be hard. RF td @ exam Fact ln the Advanced tes, you ore expected to stan speaking as 5000 as you are given your photos and the ininction. Caneidate A: Your pictures show people doing something while travelling, (like you to compare two of the pictures, and say why the people might have decided to do these things while travelling, anc what dificulties they might face Candidate B: Which activity do you think is most commonly done while traveling? 6 Erma say itis extramely disappointing that A the cmount of paid leave in some countries is too short jo be a benolit. Bsollife research i being done int the paycholagy of ‘travelling. C researchers disagree on so many important questions. D the benefis of going on holiday are only short-term. What advice de Emma and Matthew both give in order to ensure people benel from their holidays? A. Take vecotions frequemly BB Bock your trips well in advance. € Select the people you holiday with carefully. D_ Find outos much os possible about your destination before you go. @ exam ries * fothor than jus! desenbing the photos insividvlly remember to focus on similarities and differences between ther. + Remember thot you only need fo tak about hwo of the photos *# Condidates sometimes run ou! oF things to say and stop before the lie is up. Practise comparing two photos fa sinilor theme for cre mina. You can easly edUCL TS Tee Look at the UK road signs above. Match them ‘with the information each is giving. You are approcching a roundabout National speed kit applies No motor vehicles cllowed No eniry (Moximum length of viele No overteking This isthe minimum speed for this road Give way (priority) to oncoming vehicles Arough guide to Ped ANAT Cea LN Ii ar | in 0) Glia obivwnatiinininebiorater a REQUIREMENTS KEY DIFFERENCES FOR OVERSEAS DRIVERS ‘As with most courbes, you are quired to have a The most obvious ciference for most overseas drivers is that inthe UK ‘aiving ieence and insurance. I you aieady nave @ We crive onthe left: But there area few cther aspects to UK driving lloence trom your awn courtry hen you are permitted that can con‘use peopl. Because we crive onthe et, remember to go to dv in the UK forte fst year of your stay clockwise around roundabouts and give way tothe carson the ‘Thereafter you need to apply fora provisional cence roundabout coming from your right-hand side. Also on motorways and and then take a UK test. Note that if you are inthe UK to A-roads, you overtake onthe right of he other vehicle ~itisilegal to ait and want to rent a car, many rental firms may 0 30 on the left-hand sce raguire you tobe over 21 Ukcstreets are often narrower than many vistors are use to and you oo ‘need to keep an eye out for one-way systams an lane markings because you find yoursetfin the wrong lane, you may be forced to Remember that UK road distances and speeds are given take a turing you hadn't intended to in miles, nat km. A mile is approximately 1.6 km, so for ‘example, 60 miles is rouohly 97 km, Speaking of speed AVOID FINES lit, it's important to recognise he dtterent types of There are a number of simple ard common ways that people cen break ‘oad inthe UK and thelr respective limits. Mtoads are the laws ofthe road, s0 be awars ofthe folowing liye teagan casa eae: ‘= Seatbelts are compulsory. If you are pulled over by the police, you These usually connect city to city. A-oads are the most __ Ca B® find f you or any of your passengers aro not wearing oe, ‘common roads in the UK, and for the most part have a * Parking yellow tines, especially double yellow lines, indicate no peed limit of 60 mph outside of bult-up areas but this barking at anytime. Note that most street in tre contre of cities do ‘aniop 080 mph in urban arees, and even) 20 mph tot alow parking o may have parking restricted until efter geak dose i schools. B-roads are smaller comectng reads hours, There is usualy a sign to inceate what these restrictions hose speed limit again depends on where they are might be situated. Watch out for yeliow speed cameras, * There are very few tll readin the UK. but be aware thet in the especialy in urben areas, or you may get a nasty fine ‘centre of London there isa congestion charoe, currantly at £11.50 per day, which shouic be paid in advance,