23. An organization is granted the block 211.17.180.0/24. The administrator wants to create 32 subnets.

a. Find the subnet mask.

log 2 (32) = 5 → 24 + 5 = 29
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000
𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒏𝒆𝒕 𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒌 = 𝟐𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟒𝟖

b. Find the number of addresses in each subnet.

00000000.00000000.00000000.00000111 → 00000111 = 7
𝟖 𝑨𝒅𝒅𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒉 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒏𝒆𝒕 (𝟎 − 𝟕)

c. Find the first and last addresses in subnet1.

211.17.180.00000000 → 211.17.180.00000111
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑛𝑒𝑡 1: 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝐴𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟎 / 𝟐𝟗
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑛𝑒𝑡 1: 𝐿𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐴𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟕 / 𝟐𝟗

d. Find the first and last addresses in subnet 32.

211.17.180.11111000 → 211.17.180.11111111
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑛𝑒𝑡 32: 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝐴𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟐𝟒𝟖 / 𝟐𝟗
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑛𝑒𝑡 32: 𝐿𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐴𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟓 / 𝟐𝟗
27. An ISP is granted a block of addresses starting with 120.60.4.0/22. The ISP wants to distribute these
blocks to 100 organizations with each organization receiving just eight addresses. Design the subblocks
and give the slash notation for each subblock. Find out how many addresses are still available after these
allocations.

8 𝐴𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 → log 2 (8) = 3

32 − 3 = 29 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑛𝑒𝑡

SUBNET FIRST ADDRESS LAST ADDRESS

Subnet 1 120.60.4.0/29 120.60.4.7/29
Subnet 2 120.60.4.8/29 120.60.4.15/29
Subnet 3 120.60.4.16/29 120.60.4.23/29
… … …
Subnet 98 120.60.7.16/29 120.60.7.23/29
Subnet 99 120.60.7.24/29 120.60.7.31/29
Subnet 100 120.60.7.32/29 120.60.7.39/29

28 = 128; 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 100 𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑, 𝑤𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 100.

120 − 100 → 28 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 8 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ.
𝟐𝟖 × 𝟖 → 𝟐𝟒𝟒 𝑨𝒅𝒅𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒍𝒆𝒇𝒕