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Portland Cements Are Made by Burning Together Chalk or Limestone and Clay or Shale in A Rotary Kiln at Approx 1500oc To
Portland Cements Are Made by Burning Together Chalk or Limestone and Clay or Shale in A Rotary Kiln at Approx 1500oc To
Bleeding
Curing
workability/consistence
Durability of concrete:
the ability of concrete to remain
serviceable for at least the required
lifetime of the structure that it forms part
of.
examples of alloys
Aluminium:
aluminium with other materials, such as
iron, copper, manganese, magnesium,
nickel, chromium, zinc, lead, tin, titanium,
and silicon/ Steel: iron and
carbon/Bronze:copper and
tin/brass:copper and zinc
x
If Longitudinal strain x =
and Lateral
L
−y −z
strain y = =¿ z = .
Ly Lz
−εy −εz
→ Poisson ’ s ratio=¿ = the −ve signindicates contraction
εx εx
.
𝐸=
σ N N
( , Pa , ,GPa , MPa)
ε m2 mm
2
Stress 𝜎 =
F N
( , Pa ,Gpa , MPa)
A m2
Strain 𝜀 =
∆ l (no unit)
l0
Plastics- Advantages
Plastics- Disadvantages
Importance of Carbon
Polymeric Materials
Polymer types
Polymers a fire
Masonry
strength,considered to be Isotropic)/
Igneous rocks: formed by melting of rock
during volcanic activity(Granites and
Basalts, Low porosity and high strength).
Sodium,Calcium,Aluminium Silicate)/ c)
Clay Mica/ d) Silica/ e) Lime/ f) Carbon/
g) Iron based compounds that add
colours to the brick.
Disadvantages