ICT – QUESTION BOOK

Volume One
 ICT – QUESTION BOOK Volume One

01. fl%äÜldâ(Credit Card) yd fvìáldâ(Debit Card) w;r fjki l=ulao@

fl%äÜldâ m; Kh m;ls'.Kqfokq lsrSfïoS nexl=j ;=, Kh uqo,la ks¾udKh fú kuq;a fvìáldâ
m;loS nexl=j ;=, fl%äÜldâ fuka Kh uqo,la ks¾udkh fkdfú'fvìáldâ m; ksl=;a lrkqfha
nexl=fú ;u .sKqfï we; uqo,a m%udkhg muKs'

02. f;dr;=re yd ikaksfúok ;dlaIKfha wNsjDêhg rch f.k we;s mshjr fudkjdo@
ICTA, e-Srilanka, rdcH f;dr;=re flakaøh (1919) ’’keKi,’

03. o;a; hkq fudkjdo@ ksoiqka iyskj ks¾jpkh lrkak'

ieliSug Ndckh fkdjqkq wuq lreKq o;a; fú' rEm" wl=re ixfla; "j¾K" YíO woS ´kEu fohla
o;a; úh yel'
04. f;dr;=re hkq fudkjdo@ ksoiqka iyskj ks¾jpkh lrkak'
ieliSug Ndckh jqkq o;a; f;dr;=refú' o;a; -rEm" wl=re" ixfla;" j¾K" YíO f;dr;=re-mka;shl
<uhskaf.ka olaI;u ,uhd' mka;shl <uhskaf.ka Wiu <uhd
05. o;a; yd f;dr;=re w;r fjkialu yd in|;dj olajkak'
ieliSug Ndckh fkdjqkq wuq lreKq o;a;jk w;r ieliSug Ndckh jqkq o;a;
f;dr;=refú'f;dr;=re fiùu i|yd o;a; fhdod.kq ,nhs
06. ICT Tools hkq fudkjdo@
ICT iuÕ iïnkaO ish¨ WmlrK ICT Tools f,i yeoskafú

07. ICT Tools fnosh yels m%Odk fldgia fudkjdo@

• Computer & related equipment
• Communication equipment
• Software & Programs

08. ICT Tools fnosh yels m%Odk fldgia wkqj ICT Tools fm, .iajkak'
• Computer & related equipment
o Printer,Ploter,Scaner .Web camera
o Barcode reader
o Barcode reader
• Communication equipment
o Telephone
o Fax
o Credit card reader
• Software & Programs
o word, Excel, PowerPoint, Photoshop etc…

09. fjí leurdj (Web camera) u.ska isÿ lr .; yels ld¾hhka fudkjdo@
Video conferencing, Chatting

10. o;a; .nvd lr .ekSug Ndú;d l< yels ICT Tools fudkjdo@ Pen drive, CD, DVD, External Hard

11. nd¾ fldaä lshjkh yd nd¾ fldaâ uqøK hka;%h w;r(Bar code reader/Bacode reader printer)
we;s fjki l=ulao@

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 ICT – QUESTION BOOK Volume One

nd¾ fldaä lshjkh nd¾ fldaä uÕska igykalr we;s NdKavhl úia;r lshùu i|yd Ndú;d lrhs'
nd¾ fldaâ uqøK hka;%h nd¾ fldaä wdlD;sh hgf;a we;s Ndkavj, úia;r uqøKh lsrSu i|yd
Ndú;d lrhs

12. Color Barcord hkq l=ulao@

Ndkavj, úia;r j¾Kj;a nd¾ fldaä wdlD;shla u; igyka lsrSu fukïka yÿkajhs

13. Software Tools hkq fudkjdo@WodyrK 5la olajd isÿ lr .; yels ld¾hhka ,shkak'
wmf.a ld¾hka myiqlr .ekSu i|yd we;s Software fukïka yÿkajhs
Eg-: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Photoshop etc..

14. Tablet yd Digitizer hk ICT Tools u.skA isÿ lr .; yels ld¾hhka fudkjdo@
• Digitizer
o Recognize drawings by hands
• Tablet
o Recognize hand written text
• Digital documenter

15. j¾;udkfha Ndú; jk uqøK hka;% (printer) j¾. fudkjdo@ Dotmetrix,Laser,Ink jet

16. wêl fõ.hlska iy .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka by, uqøK lghq;= i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nk printer
j¾.h l=ulao @ Laser Printer

17. Plotter uÕska isÿlrkq ,nk ld¾h l=ulao@ m%udKfhka úYd, uqද්‍රK lghq;= is¥lsrSu'

18. MICR (MagneticInk Character Recognition) WmlrK Ndú;d jkafka l=uk wjia:d j,§o@
fplam;aj, úfYaIs; ldkaoï ;Ska; wlaIr lshùu i|yd'

19. mß.Kl l%Svd fufyhùu i|yd Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Tool fudkjdo@
Keyboard,Mouse,joystick

20. Finger Print Reader Ndú;d lrkq ,nkafka l=ula i|ydo@

21. uhsfl%dAf*dakh(Microphone) ICT Tools tlla f,i jeo.;a jkafka flfiao@

mrs.Klhg YíOh Input lsrSfï ld¾fhaoS fhdod.kq ,nh's

22. w;S;fha .Ks;uh lghq;= i|yd Ndú;d l< o fudkjdo@ .,aleg"fldagq len,s"wegj¾. jeksoE

23. l%uj;a .Kkh lsrsñ i|yd ñksid úiska m<uqfjkau Ndú;d l< WmlrKh l=ula o@ wenlih

24. th uq,skau ks¾udKh lrk ,oafoa ljr cd;slhka úiskao@ ùk cd;slhka úiska

25. m%:u hdka;s%l le,alHqf,agrh (Adding machine& ks¾udKh lf,a ljqreka úiska lskñ j¾Ifha o@
íf,aia meial,a úiska 1662 oS
26. fuu hka;%fhka isÿ l< yels jQ .Ks; l¾u fudkjdo@
Ml;= lsrSu yd wvq lsrSu
27. 1674 oS f.dá*s%ä ú,afy,aïia(Gottfried Wilhelm) úiska ks¾udKh lf,a l=ula o? Step Reconer

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 ICT – QUESTION BOOK Volume One

28. fuu hka;%h u.ska l< yels jQ .Ks; l¾u fudkjdo@ Ml;= lsrSu " wvq lsrSu"fnoSu yd jeඩිlsrSu

29. Punch card l%uh fidhd .;af;a ljqreka úiska o? m%xY cd;sl fcdYma cel=jdඩ්

30. ä*rkai,a hka;%h ks¾udKh lf,a ljqreka úiska lskñ j¾Ihl o@ Charles Babbage"1822

31. ä*rkaia hka;%h Ndú;d lf,a l=uk lghq;= i|yd o@ .Ks;uh lghq;= i|yd

32. Punch card j, we;s Wmfoia lshjd m%;sM, ksl=;a l< yels hka;%h l=ula o@ Analytical engine

33. tu hka;%fha programme lghq;= lf<a ljqreka úiska o@ Mrs Ada Augusta Lovelace

34. Analytical engine ys m%Odk fldgia 04 kñ lrkak . Input,Storing,Processing,Output

35. mrs.Kl úoHdfú mshd ljqo @ pd,aia nefìca

36. kQ;k mrs.Kl úoHdfú mshd ljqo@ we,ka Ühqrska

37. 1890 oS geíhqf,aáx hka;%h fidhd .;af;a ljqreka úiska o@ Herman Hollerith

38. tu hka;%fha iqúfYaIs;djh l=ula o@ b;du;a wvqld,hlska input lrkq,nk o;a;j, m%;sm, ,nd.;
yelsúu

39. Mark 1 iajxls%h le,alHqf,agrh ks¾udKh lf<a ljqreka úiska lskñ j¾Ifha o@
fydaj¾ä thslkag iy ydjä ys IBM wdh;kfha fiajh l, Tyqf.a hyˆjka úiska 1937 oS

40. fuu hka;%fhka l< yels jQ .Ks; l¾u fudkjdo@ Divition,MaltiplicationzAdition, and
Subtraction.
41. f,dj m%:u úoHq;a âcsg,a mrs.Klh l=ula o@ ENIAC

42. th ksmojk ,oafoa ljqreka úiska o@

1946, Moore School of Electrical Engineering of University of Pannsylvania
43. fuu hka;%hg lskñ ;dlaIKh Ndú;d lr we;a o@ Vaccum Tube Technology

44. hqksjelA(UNIVAC) hka;%h fidhd .;af;a ljqreka úiska o@ 1950, Remington Rand ආයතනය

45. fuu mrs.Klh lSfjks mrs.Kl mrñmrdjg wh;afú o@ 1st Genaration

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46. m<uq mrïmrdfú mrs.Kl i|yd WodyrK fokak' ENIAC,UNIVAC,IBM-704

47. g%dkaisiag¾ fidhd .;af;a ljqreka úiska lskñ j¾Ifha o@ William Shockley,John Bardeen,Walter
Brarttain-195

48. g%dkaisiag¾ Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl lskñ hq.hlg wh;afú o@ 2nd Genaration

49. IC Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl lskñ hq.hlg wh;afú o@ 3rd Genaration

50. IC j,ska miq mrs.Klj,g fhdod .;a ;dlaIKh l=ula o@ Micro processor

51. tu ;dlaIKh fhdod .;a mrs.Kl wjê i|yd WodyrK lsysmhla fokak'
Intel 80286, Intel 80386,Pentium MMX, Pentium 1, Pentium 11, Pentium 111 ETC..

52. rsla;l k, ;dlaIKh(Vaccum Tube) Ndú;d lrk ,oafoa l=uk mrs.Kl mrïmrdfõo?
1st Genaration

53. m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl j, o;a; .nvd lsrSfï wjYH;dj imqrk ,o udOH jkafka l=ulao@
Punch Cards

54. m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl Ndú;fhaos ldur isis,kh i|yd Wml%u fiúh hq;= jQfha wehs@
wêl WIaK;ajh ksid rsla;lk, oeùhdu

55. 1940-1956 w;r ld,h wh;a mrs.Kl mrïmrdj jkafka l=ulao@ m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl

56. m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl i|yd Ndú;d l, mrs.Kl NdIdj jkafka l=ulao@ Assembly

57. m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl j, o;a; we;=ˆ lsrSu yd msg lsrSu i|yd Ndú;d lf<a l=ulao@
Punched Cards & Magnatic tape

58. hqksjela(UNIVAC) iy tkshela(ENIAC) l=uk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl i|yd ksoiqka fõo@

1st Genaration
59. fojk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl i|yd fhdod.;a ;dlaIKh l=ulao@ Transister

60. ප<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl yd fojk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl w;r we;s fjkialï fudkjdo@
PERIOD CIRCUITARY INPUT OUTPUT STORAGE LANGUAGE TYPICAL
COMPUTERS
1951- Vacuum Punch Punch Magnetic Assembly UNIVAC 1
1959 Tubbes cards and cards tapes
Magnetic
tapes
1959 Trnsisters Punch Punch Magnetic High Level IBM 1400
cards and cards tapes languages
Magnetic FORTRAN
tapes

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61. m<uq mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl j,g jvd fojk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl j, we;s jdis fudkjdo@
• වේගය වැඩියි
• ආචයන(ගබඩා )ධාරිතාවය වැඩියි
• විශ්වාසනීයත්වය වැඩියි
• පද්ධති පිරිවැය අඩුවීම

62. fojk mrs.Kl mrïmrdj wh;a ld, mrdih l=ulao@ 1951-1959

63. oaúuh NdId l%uh fjkqjg Assembly NdIdj Ndú;hg meñKsfha l=uk mrs.Kl mrïmrdfõoSo@
1st Genaration

64. fojk mrs.Kl mrïmrdfõ Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl NdId i|yd ksoiqka olajkak' FORTRAN

65. wjYH;djhla bgq lr .ekSu i|yd mrs.Klhg Wmfoia ,nd oSu fjkqjg mrs.Klfha Wmfoia
.nvd lr ;nd .ekSu wdrïN jQfha l=uk mrs.Kl mrïmrdfõoso@ 1st Genaration

66. äiala Ndú;h wdrïN jq mrs.Kl mrïmrdj l=ulaao@ 3rd Genaration

67. mrs.Kl b;sydifhaoS Transistor fjkqjg Integrated Circuit Ndú;d l, mrs.Kl mrïmrdj
l=ulaao@ 3rd Genaration

68. h;=re mqjrej yd Monitor tl Ndú;hg meñKsfha l=uk mrs.Kl mrïmrdfõoso@ 3rd Genaration

69. fufyhqï moaO;s Ndú;h yd uDÿldx. Ndú;h wdrïN l< mrs.Kl mrïmrdj l=ulaao 1st G

70. 1971 ka miqj Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl i|yd fhdod.;a ;laIKh l=ulao @ Micro Proccessor

71. 1971 ksmojk ,o mrs.Klhl ;sìh hq;= uOH ieliqï tallh (CPU) u;lh (Memory) iy
o;a; we;=ළත් lsrSfï yd msg lsrSfï hk ish ළුම wx. we;=,;a mrs.Klh l=ulao@ Intel 4004

72. wem,a iud.u úiska Macintosh mrs.Klh yÿkajd oSu mqoa., mrs.Kl b;sydifha jeo.;a
ixêia:dkhls fuu mrs.Klh yÿkajd ÿka j¾Ih l=ulao@ 1984 os

73. mqoa., mrs.Kl ksIamdokh wdrïN úu;a iu. mrs.Kl Ndú;d úfï lafIa;%h mqˆ,a úug mgka
.;af;ah' fuysoS mrs.Klhlska bgqlr .ekSug fhduq jQ úfYaI wjYH;d fudkjdo@
....

74. wkd.;h ke;fyd;a miajk mrïmrdfõ Ndú;d lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk mrs.Kl j, úfYaI;aj
fudkjdo@ lD;Su nqoaêh

75. mß.Kl j¾.SlrKh flfia isÿl, yelso@

▪ According to Genaration
▪ According to size
▪ According to Purpuse
▪ According to Technology
76. ,emafgdma yd mdïfgdma mß.Kl fláfhka yÿkajkak

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tyd fuyd myiqfjkaf.khd yels mrs.Kl fukïka y¥kajhs'fuu mrs.Kl Notebook

Computer, portabal Computer f,ioy¥kajhs

77. mqoa.,sl mß.Kl wh;a jkqfha l=uk mß.Kl j¾.hgo Micro Computer

78. …………… hkq w;af,ys ;nd f.k hd yels mß.Klhls. Palmtop Computer/PDA

79. Server yd Client mß.Klhla hkq l=ulao@

mß.Kl cd,hlg fiajd imhk mß.Klh Server mß.Klh f,i y¥kajk w;r Client
mrs.Klh hkq fiajd ,nd.kakd client mß.Klh f,i y¥kajhs'

80. osklg yqjudre úYd, .Kkla isÿ lrk jrdh jeks wdh;k j, Ndú;d lrkq ,nkafka l=uka
mß.Klo@ MainframComputer

81. kdid wdh;kfha mßක්ෂK lghq;= i|yd Ndú;d lrk mß.Kl j¾.h l=ulao@
Super computer [Columbia]

82. …………………… mß.Klh oekg f,dlfha fú.j;au mß.Klh f,i i,lkq n,hs'
Blugin L Super Computer

83. fhdod .kakd ;dක්ෂKh wkqj mß.Kl j¾.slrKh lrkq ,nkafka flfiao@
Analog,Digital & Hybrid

84. Hybird mß.Kl hkq fudkjdo@

Analog yd Digital hk fowdldrfhkau f;dr;=re ,nd,; yels mrs.Kl Hybird Computer f,i
y¥kajhs'fuysoS Analog yd Digital hk fowdldrfhau Signal Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs

85. uyd mß.Kl (MAIN FRAME COMPUTER) yd uOH mß.Kl (MINI COMPUTER)w;r
fjki olajkak
myiqfjka tyd fuyd f.khd fkdyels mrs.Kl Mini Computer f,I y¥kajhs 'fujeks
mrs.Klhlg ;j;al=vd mrs.Kl .kkdjla iïnkaO l, yels w;r lsysm fofkl=g jevl,yel '
fujeks mrs.klj, jev lsrSug úfYaI mqyqKqjla wjYH fú mrs.Klhl cd, lrKfhaoS jeo.;afú.
MAIN FRAME COMPUTER , MINI COMPUTER j,g jvd úYd, fú'uy mrsudK nexl= rlaIK
.=jka jeksiud.ï j, Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs'fuys jeâ processing Speed tlla we;s w;r jeâ o;a;
m%udKhla .nvdl, yel'

86. lsishï ksYaÑ; ia:dkhl ;ekam;a lr ;eìfï wruqKska ksmojd we;s mß.Kl j¾.h l=ulao@
MAIN FRAME COMPUTER

87. Desktop Computer fyj;a Personal Computer hkq fudkjdo@ Mini Computer(Desktop
Computer)

88. ඩිජිsg,a mß.Kl o;a; .nvd lrkq ,nkafka l=uk ixLHd moaO;sh mokï lrf.ko@ Binary

89. iqmsß mß.Kl j, ලක්ෂණ ljf¾o@

ñ< wêlu mrs.Kl fú
jeâ processing Speed tlla we;s w;r jeâ o;a; m%udKhla .nvdl, yel'

90. mrs.Kl j¾.SlrK oeKqu Ndú;fhka my; fm%fy,sldj mqrjkak

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1 2
W
S
y
3 4
M R

5 6
S P

F P
7
M P

8
E T

my,g
02 cd,fha wfkl=;a mß.Kl j,g fiajd imhkq ,nk mß.klh fukñka yÿkajh-server
03 osklg .KqfoKq oyia .kkska isÿjk uyd mrsudk jHdmdr wdh;k j, Ndú;d
lrhs'Mainfram
04 Wl=, u; ;ndf.k hd yels l=vd mß.Kl úfYaIhl"s mß.Klh ;=, we;s negßh u.ska
úfYaI ld, isudjlg úÿ,sh imhkq ,efÄ Laptop
05 fú.fhka Odß;djfhka" yelshdfjka by, fukau ñ, wêl mß.kl fú' Super
yryg
01 lsishï b,lal m%udKhla imqrd .eksfï wruqKska fuu mß.Kl Ndú;d lrhs" fïjd
lsysmhla tlg tl;= fldg ke;fyd;a cd, .; fldg we;'Worksttion
03 osklg yqjudre úYd, .Kkla isÿ lrk jrdh jeks wdh;k j, Ndú;d lrkq ,nk
mß.Kl fukñka yÿkajhs'Mainfram
06 lsishï ksYaÑ; ia:dkhl ;ekam;a lr ;eìfï wruqkska ksmojd we;s mß.Kl fú
Desktop
07 fuu mß.Kl m%udkfhka b;d l=vd jk w;r w;a, u; ;nd f.k hd yelsh' h;=re
mqjrejla fkdue;s w;r ;srh iam¾Y lsßfïka ix{ ,nd fokq ,nhs' fuu mß.Kl cx.u
âcsg,a iylre (PDA) hk kñkao yÿkajhs'Palmtop
08 fuu mß.Kl ;ks mqoa.,fhl=g Ndú;d lsßu i|yd ks¾udKh lr we;s w;r m%udKfhka
l=vd fú' ksfjia j, yd ld¾hd,j, Ndú;d lrhs' Deaktop

91. my; oelafjkafka mrs.Kl moaO;shl wdlD;shls' (Block Diagram)

i. fuys A , B , C , D , E , F hk fldgia kï lrkak

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'Input,Main memory,Output,Control Unit,ALU,Backing Stoage

ii. A g wh;a Wmdx. 5la kï lrkak ' Key Board,Mouse,Microphone,Scaner,Joystic
iii. C g wh;a Wmdx. 4la kï lrkak' Monitor,Speaker,Printer,Headphone
iv. F g wh;a Wmdx. 4la kï lrkak ' Hard Disk,Pendrive,CD,Floppy Disk,DVD
v. D yd E hkq l=uk Wmdx.hl wjhjo@ Processor

92. Control Unit tflys ld¾hh l=ulao@ mß.Klfhys ish¨u fldgia md,kh lsÍu'

93. ALU tflys ld¾hh l=ulao@ .Ks;uh yd ;d¾lsl lghq;='

94. ALU tl wdYs%; u;lh l=ulao@ Registry

95. RAM tflys m%Odk ld¾h l=ulao @ ;djld,slj o;a; r|jd ;nd .ekSu

96. RAM tflys Odrs;dj uksKqfha flfiao@ MB,GB

97. System Unit tflys wka;¾.; m%Odk fldgia fudkjdo@

Mother Board, Disk Drives, RAM, Power Supply Unit, PC Cards

98. Processor tflys m%Odk ixrpl fudkjdo@ ALU, Control Unit

99. CPU tflys Word Size, Data Path hkafkys f;areu yd tajd .Kkh lrk tall olajkak'
• Word Size - tl jrloS uOH ieliqï tallhg .nvd fldg ;ndf.k fufyhúh Wmßu
• Bit – Bit m%udKh
• Data Path – tla fufyhqulos Chip tlg yqjudre l< yels Wmßu o;a; m%udKh

100. Processor tflys fú.h uKskq ,nk tallh l=ulao@

101. System Clock hkq l=ulao@ .

mß.Klhl we;s iajhxl%Sh Trf,daiqjhs' negß n,fhka l%shd;aul fõ'

102. Power Supply hqksට් tflys ld¾hh l=ulao@

mß.Kl hka;%h l%shd;aul jkafka ir, Odrd(DC) úÿ,sfhks' kuq;a wm imhkafka m%;Hdj¾:
Odrdjhs(AC). tfukau mß.Klfha úúO fldgia l%shd;aul jkafka úúO fjda,aàh;d hgf;ah' tu
ilia lsÍu lrkafka Power Supply hqksට් tlhs'

103. 1Hz hkq l=ulao@ Processor hg ;;amrhla ;=,oS hdka;s%l WmfoaYk 1la ls%hd;aul l,yelsnjhs'

104. Mother Board tflys mj;sk Slot yd Socket j¾. fudkjdo@

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▪ Slot-Memory slot
▪ AGP Slot
▪ PCI Slots
▪ ISA Slots
▪ CPU Socket

105. Mother Board tl u; mj;sk Chip Sets tflys ld¾h l=ulao@ Mother Board tflys o;a;
iïfm%AIK ud¾. j, o;a; iñfma%Ykh md,kh lsÍu'

106. Chip Set tl m%Odk fldgia lShlg fnfoao@ 2hs,North Bridge,South Bridge

107. Peripheral Devices hkq fudkjdo@ WodyrK imhkak'

mß.Klhg ndysßka iñnkaO lrk Wmdx. Peripheral Devices f,i yeoskafú'
Printer,Scaner,Keyboard,Mouse,speaker

108. Video Cart Port Ndú;d lrkqfha l=uK Wmdx.h mrs.Klhg iïnkaO lsrSu i|ydo@ Monitor.

109. Parallel Port Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Wmdx. kï lrkak' Printer,Scaner.

110. Serial port Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Wmdx. 2la kï lrkak' External Modem,Older Mouse.

111. Serial port tflys o;a; iïfm%aIK fú.h fldmuko@ 115kbps

112. Key board yd Mouse mrs.Klhg iïnkaO lsrSu i|yd fhdod .kq ,nk port j¾.h l=ulao@
Ps2 Port

113. USB wlaku (acronym) u.ska l=ula lshefõo@ Universal Serial Bus

114. USB Port Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Wmdx. 4la kï lrkak' Keyboard,Mouse,Printer,scaners

115. USB 2 .0 port tflys o;a; iïfm%aIK fú.h fldmuko@ 480Mbps

116. MBps yd Mbps w;r fjki l=ulao@ MBps-Mega Byte per seconds/ Mbps-Mega bit per
second

117. Modem Port yd Nework Port w;r fjki l=ulao@

Modem Port tl mrs.klh wka;¾ cd,h yd iusnkaO lsrSu i|yd fukau mrs.klh Ndú;d
lruska Fax hejSu i|yd Ndjs;d lrhs' mrs.kl cd,.; lsrSu i|yd Nework Port tl
Ndjs;dlrhs'

118. Male Port yd Female Port w;r fjki l=ulao@

Male Port tflys pins msg;g msysgk w;r Female Portr tflys pins we;=,g msysghs'

119. PS2 Port Ndú;d lrkq ,nk Wmdx. kï lrkak' Key Board,Mouse

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120. Ethernet Port ys ld¾h l=ulao@

mrs.Kl cd,.;lsrSu i|yd fukau wka;cd,hg iusnkaOjSu i|yd Ndjs;dlrhs'

121. úúO .nvd moaO;sp, (storage System) us, .Kka wkqp iEi§fï§ wvqu us, .Kfka isg jeâu
us, .Kk olajd fm, .iajkak ' Registry,Cache,Main Memory,Disk,MagnaticTape.

122. úúO .nvd moaO;sp, (storage System) o;a; ,nd .ekSug .;jk ld,h wkqj fm,.eiaùfïoS
wdfrdayK l%uhg fm,.iajkak' MagnaticTape, Disk, Main Memory, Cache, Registry

123. o;a; (Data) uekSug Ndú;d lrk l=vdu tallh l=ulao úia;r lrkak @
Bit, Bit hkq 0 fyda 1 hk wjis:djkaf.ka TskEu wjia:djls

124. Byte tlla Bit lShlska hqla;o@ 8

125. Odrs;dj uksk tall j, in|;dj olajkak'

▪ Smallest Unit-1bit
▪ 8Bit -1Byte
▪ 1024Bytes -1Kilobyte(1KB)
▪ 1024Kilobytes -1Megabyte(MB)
▪ 1024Megabyte -1Gigabyte(GB)
▪ 1024Gigabyte -1Terabyte(TB)
▪ 1024 Terabyte -1Petabyte (PB)

126. u;lh (Memory) fldgia lShlska hqla;o@ 3hs"ROM,RAM,Cash

127. u;lh (Memory) uksk tallh l=ulao @ Megabyte(MB) fyda Gigabyte(GB)

128. Cache hkqfjka yÿkajkafka l=ulao @ Processor i;= ක්ෂKsl u;lhhs'

129. Level 2 Cache msysgd we;af;a l=uk ia:dkhlo@ Mother Board u;'

130. RAM hkqfjka yÿkajkafka l=ulao @ mrs.Klh i;= ;djld,sl u;lhhs'

131. ROM hkq l=ulao@ Read Only Memory (mrs.Klh i;= ia:sr u;lhls'& fuh Firmware f,io
y¥kajhs'

132. ROM ;=, we;af;a lskï f;dr;=reo@ mrs.Kl ksYamdokh iusnkao f;dr;=re

133. ROM j¾. fudkjdo@ PROM,EPROM,EEPROM,

134. tu ROM j¾. tlsfkflys úfYaI;ajhka olajkak

▪ PROM-Programable ROM fuහි tlajrla ,shk,o f;dr;=re kej;jrla uelsh fkdyel'

▪ EPROM-Erasable PROM
▪ EEPROM-Elecrically Erasable PROM

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135. oaú;shsl .nvd lsrSu (Secondary Storage) i|yd fhdod .kakd Wml%u (Devices) fudkjdo@

136. Track,Claster yd Sector w;r we;s iïnkaOh l=ulao@

Cluster

137. Floppy Disk tll o;a; .nvd jkqfha flfiao@

Floppy Disk tlla ks¾udkhù we;af;a Fiber optic layer iys; Wmdx.hls'fuu Layer u;
we;s Magnatic wxY= úúO osYdj,g yerùu u.ska o;a; .nvd lsrSu isÿlrhs'

138. Floppy Disk tll .nvd l< yEls Wmrsu Odrs;dj fldmuKo @ 1'44 MB

139. Floppy Disk tllg jvd Zip Disk tlla Ndú;d lsrSfï jdis fudkjdo@
Zip Disk tll Odrs;dj 100-750MB jk ksid jevs o;a; m%udKhla ගnvdl, yel'

140. Jaz Disk tll Odrs;dj fldmuKo @ 1-2 MB

141. Magnetic Tape nyq,j Ndú;d lrkqfha l=ula i|ydo@

o;a;j, wkqmsgm;a ;nd.ekSu ;nd .ekSu i|yd

142. CD ;eàhl Odrs;d flfia fúo@ 700MB

143. DVD ;eàj, Odrs;d flfia fúo@ 2 -8 / 4.8 GB

144. Re- Writable CD ;eà hkq fudkjdo@

CD j, ,shdwe;s o;a; kej;uld o;a; kej; ,sõshyels CD

145. Disk Formatting hkq fudkjdo@ Disk tflys Track yd Sector ieliSfus ls%hdj,shhs'

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146. h;=re mqjrefõ Key tlla press l, úg th Monitor tflys o¾YKh ùfï ;dlaIKsl ls%hdj,sh
flfia isÿfúo@
h;=re mqjrefõ Key tlla press l, úg Bg wod, Signal Code tlla processor lajd
hefjs'fuh ASCII Code f,i ye|skafú' processor h tu Code tl yoqkdf.k ;o lr we;s
h;=r yoqkd .kS'

147. ASCII wla-ku u.ska lshfjkqfha l=ulao @American Standerd code for Information Interchange

148. Pointing Devices i|yd fhdod .kakd WmlrK 03 la kï lrkak' Mouse,Light pen,Track ball

149. úúO j¾.fha uQisl j¾. 03 la kï lrkak' Optical Scroll,Optical Weel,Wireless

150. Microphone tlla u.ska is¥jk fufyh l=ulao @ yv we;=,;a lsrSu

151. Videos mrs.Klh ;=,g we;=,;a lsrSu i|yd fhdo .; yels Wmdx.hla kï lrkak '
Digital Cammera

152. OCR hkq l=ulao@ Optical Character Recognition

153. OCRkeue;s uDÿldx.h (Software) tl Ndú;d l, yels Wmdx.h kï lrkak' Flat Bed Scanner

154. Finger Print reader keue;s Wmdx.h fhdod .kq ,nkafka l=uk ld¾hla i|ydo?
we.s,s i,l=Kq yoqkd .ekSu ioyd

155. MICR hkqfjka yÿkajkafka l=ulao @ Magnatic ink Chractor Recognition

156. WIaK;ajh yd f;;ukh jeks foaY.=Kl idol uekSu i|yd fhdod .; yels mrs.Kl Wmdx.h
kï lrkak' Environment sensers

157. wdodk Wml%u(Input Devices) hkqfjka yÿkajkafka l=ulao @WodyrK imhkak

mrs.Klhg o;a; we;=,;a lrk WmlrK Keyboard, Mouse, Micrphone

158. m%;sodk Wml%u(Output Devices)hkqfjka yÿkajkafka l=ulao@ WodyrK imhkak

f;dr;=re f;dr;=re bosrsm;a lrk WmlrK Monitor, Printer, Head phone

159. wdodk yd m%;sodk hk fowdldrh hg;u .;yels Hardware WmlrK kïlrkak Touch screen

160. VDU f,i yÿkajkafka l=ulao @ Visual Display Unit

161. “CRT yd LCD Monitors w;r we;s fjkialï fudkjdo@ ñ," mskA;=r meyeoss,s;dj

162. Laptop Computers j, Ndú;d jk Monitor j¾.h l=ulao@ LCD

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163. uqøK hka;% m%Odk jYfhka fldgia lShlg fnosh yelso@ folකි. tu uqøK hka;% i|yd WodyrK
fjk fjku olajkak.
• Impact – dot matrics, Daisy wheel
• Non impact:- Inkjet, Bubblejet, Lazer

164. Ink Jet printer j, print ùfï ;dlaIKsl ls%hdj,sh myokak'

;Ska; msrjQ l=mams (Cartridge) w.we;s Head tflys l=vd isÿre mj;S'ta isÿre u;g ;S;a;
msrekq miq hñ WIAK;Ajh hgf;a r;aù nqnqˆ iEoS tajd msmsrSu u.ska uqøKh isÿfõ'

165. Laser printer tflys ,laIK olajkak'

b;d Wiia ;;ajfha uqøKhla ,nd foa" uqøK msgm;l msßjeh by,h" fgdak¾ kï jQ ;Ska;
l=vq fld<h u; ;ejÍfuka uqøKh isÿfõ" uqøK fõ.h jeäh" uqøK meyeos,s;djh jeäh'

166. Toner Cartdge tlla Ndú;d jk uqøK hka;%h kï lrkak' Laser printer

167. wdh;khl ld¾hka i|yd b;dld¾hÌuj yd .=Kd;aul ;;ajfhka f,aLk uqøKh lr .ekSug
jvd;a fhda.H uqøK hka;%h kï lrkak' Laser printer

168. ñ, wOslu uqøK hka;%h l=ulao Dotmetrix printer

169. uDÿldx.(Software) hkq fudkjdo@ Software is a set of instructions

170. uDÿldx. (Software) j¾.SlrKh .e,Sï igyklska olajkak'

171. fhojqï uDÿldx.(Application Software) hkq fudkjdo@ WodyrK imhkak ñksidf.a ld¾hhka
myiq lr .ekSug we;s uDÿldx. Word ,Excel, Power point, Photo Shop, etc…

172. moaO;s uDÿldx. (system Software) hkq fudkjdo@ WodyrK imhkak

fuu.ska flfrKqfha mrs.Klh iu. mrsYS,lhdg jev lsrSug yels jk fia mrs.Kl
moaO;sh ;=, we;s øvdx. fldgia md,kh lsÍu tlg tl;= lsÍu yd l<uKdlrKh lsÍu'

173. fufyhqï moaO;shl(Operating System) ld¾h l=ulao@

mß.Klfha we;s ishˆu fldgia md,Kh lrñka øvdx. yd fhojqï uDÿldx. w;r
iïnkaOhla we;s lr mß.Klh Ndú;d lrkakdg wjYH miqìu ilia lr fokqfha fufyhqï
moaO;sh u.sks'
174. fufyhqï moaO;shl(Operating System) i|yd WodyrK fokak'
Dos, windows 98, windows xp, windows vista, windows 7

175. Utilities And Service Program hkq fudkjdoehs yÿkajd WodyrK imhkak
fufyhqï moaO;sfhys mj;sk yelshdjka jeä oshqKq lsÍu ioyd ta i|yd meñfKk wu;r
uDÿldx.hs' Eg Norton Utilities, Download Accelarator

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176. moaO;s uDÿldx.j, w;=reuqqyqK;a wdldr fol fudkjd o@ CLI, GUI

177. m%:u GUI w;=re uqyqk;la iys; fufyhqï moaO;shl(Operating System) l=ulao@
Apple machintosh
178. újD; uDÿldx. hkqfjka (Open Sources) woyia lrkafka l=ula o@ Wodyrණ imhkak'
fla; ksoyfia mdúÉÑ l, yels uq¥ldx.'

179. Open Source OS yd Close Source OS w;r fjkialï fudkjdo@

Open Source Operting system exe file tl iu. Source code ksoyfia mdúÑÑ l, yels w;r
Close Source OS j,oS Ndú;d l, yelafla exe file tl muKs'

180. Device Drivers hkq fudkjdo@ tys ld¾h olajkak' øDvdx. WmlrK iuÕ ksl=;ajk uDÿldx.
Device Drivers f,i yeoskafú'

181. o;a; ikaksfúokh(Data Communication)hkq l=ulao@

hï udOHhla wdOdr lrf.k f;dr;=re tla ia:dkhlska ;j;a ia:dkhlg .,d hdfï
ls%hdj,sh o;a; ikaksfõokhhs'

182. Network tlla hkq l=ulao@ f;dr;=re fyda NdKav yqjudre lr .kakd jia;+kaf.a tl;=jla
cd,hla fõ' Eg:- Railway System/ Nervous system

183. mrs.Kl cd,hla (Computer Network) tlla hkq l=ulao@

mß.kl 2la fyda lsysmhla tlsfklg iïnkaO ùu mrs.Kl cd,hla f,i yÿkajhs'

184. mrs.Kl cd,hla (Computer Network) f.dvke.Sfï wruqKQ fudkjdo@

185. Node tlla hkq l=ulao@WodyrK imhkak .

mß.Kl cd,hlg iïnkaO WmlrKhla Node tlla f,i yeoska fú'
Computer,Printer,Scaner

186. mrs.Kl cd,hl we;s m%;s,dN ljf¾o@

▪ Peripheral Devices fnod.; yelsh ^ñf,ka wêl Wmdx. fnod mßyrKh l, yel&
▪ o;a; yd jevigyka fnod.; yelsh ^ñf,ka wêl jeä bvla jeh jk&
▪ fydo ikaksfõokhla isÿ l, yel
▪ o;a; f.dkq l,uKdlrKh yd fnod.ekSu l, yel

187. mrs.Kl cd,lrKhl uQ,sldx. (Common Network Elements)fudkjdo@

▪ Server - cd,fha wfkl=;a mß.Kl j,g iïm;a fnod §u lrk mß.Klhhs ^cd,fha
o jeä n,;, we;s mß.Klhhs
▪ Client – cd,h ;=, fnod .kakd iïm;a mdúÉÑ lrk mß.Klhs
▪ Communication Media – cd,h ;=, o;a; iïfm%aIKh lrk ud¾.h
▪ Network Operating system – cd,h ;=, lghq;= l<uKdlrKh lrk uDÿldx.hhs
▪ Shared Resources – cd,h ;=, fnod we;s iïm;a fyda fiajd
▪ Modem – ÿrl:k ud¾.h yryd mß.Kl tlsfkl iïnkaO lrk Wmdx.hls
▪ Hub - mß.Kl lSmhla tlsfkl iïnkaO lsrSug Ndú;d lrk Wmdx.hls

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▪ Switch - mß.Kl lSmhla tlsfkl iïnkaO lsrSug Ndú;d lrk Hub tlg jvd ÈhqKq
Wmdx.hls

188. N=f.da,Sh msysáu wkqj (Geographical Setup) mrs.Kl cd, j¾.lr olajkak.
▪ LAN (Local Aria Net Work)
▪ WAN (Wide Aria Network)
▪ MAN (Metropolitan Aria Net Work),

189. mrs.Kl iaM,lhla hkak ( Network Topology ) hkak fláfhka yÿkajkak

▪ Bus Topology – fmdÿ udOHhlg mß.Kl fomi isg iïnkaO fõ

▪ Star Topology – Hub tl jgd ;rejla wdldrhg mß.Kl iïnkaO fõ

▪ Ring Topology – uqoaola wdldrhg mß.Kl iïnkaO fõ

▪ Tree/ Star-bus Topology – .il w;= fnfok wdldrhg mß.Kl iïnkaO fõ

▪ Mesh Topology – oe,la wdldrhg mß.Kl iïnkaO fõ

▪ Hybrid Topology – by; wdldr lSmhl tl;=fjka mß.Kl iïnkaO fõ

190. mdif,a mrs.Kl úoHd.drh lskï wdldrfha mrs.Kl cd,hlao@tys we;s cd, iaM,lhka
Network Topology tl l=ulao@ WAN,Star Topology

191. ls%hdlrK wdldrh wkqj (By Relationship) mrs.Kl cd, j¾.Slrkh lrkak'
▪ Peer to Peer (P2P)
▪ Client Server – Server

192. Switch yd Hub Ndú;d lrkqfha l=ula i|ydo@fuu Wmdx. ls%hdlrkafka flfiao@

▪ Hub - mß.Kl lSmhla tlsfkl iïnkaO lsrSug Ndú;d lrk Wmdx.hls

▪ Switch - mß.Kl lSmhla tlsfkl iïnkaO lsrSug Ndú;d lrk Hub tlg jvd ÈhqKq
Wmdx.hls

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193. ikaksfúok udOH(Communication Media) hkq yÿkajkak'

cd,fha isákd Wmdx. w;r iïnkaOhla we;s lrkqfha ikaksfúok udOHh u.sks

Communication Media

Guided Media
Radiated Media
^fN!;sl udOHhla Tiafia&
^;rx. Tiafia&
• Twisted Pair Cables • Radio Transmission
• Coaxial Cables • Infrared Transmission
• Fiber Optic cables • Microwave Transmission
• Satellite Transmission

194. Radio Transmission ,Twisted Pair,Coaxial Cables ydFiber-optics flan,a yÿkak'

▪ Coaxial Cables
;U lïìhla u; jQ ma,diaála wdj¾Khg msg;ska h,s;a ;U lïì ±,la we;s jhrhls' wms
TV Antena Cable f,i fhdod .kafkao Coaxial Cables úfYaIhls

▪ Fiber Optic Cables

Laser Light Wmfhda.S lrf.k jhrh ueo we;s wdf,dal mrdj¾:k nghla u.ska o;a;
iïfm%aYKh lrk jh¾ úfYaIhls' b;d by, o;a; iïfm%aYK fõ.hla we;'

▪ Radio Transmission
idudkH .=jka úÿ,s fiajdjl o;a; iïfm%IKh lrk wdldrhgu Transmitter yd
Receiver Wmfhda.S lrf.k o;a; iïfm%IKh fuys§ isÿfõ
kuq;a fuys§ cd, ks¾udKh l, yels Wmßu ÿr wä 500 muK fõ
▪ Infrared Transmission
b;d my, ixLHd;hla we;s mshú weig fkdfmfkk wdf,dal lsrK Wmfhda.S lrf.k
o;a; iïfm%IKh fuys§ isÿfõ

▪ Microwave Transmission
iDcq ud¾.hla Èf.a o;a; iïfm%IKh l, yels b;d by, ixLHd;hla we;s ;rx. úfYaIhls
▪ Satellite Transmission
mD:úfhka ie;mqï 36000 ක් ;rï ÿrlska wNHjldY.; lr we;s pkaøld wdOdrfhka o;a;
iïfm%IKh isÿ lsÍuhs

195. Twisted Pair flan,a j¾. fudkjdo@

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wdj¾Kh jQ ;U lïì iys; jh¾ 2la tlsfkl weTrekq jh¾ iys; udOHhls' fïjd UTP fyda
CAT Cable f,io yÿkajhs' fïjdg fydou WodyrK f,i ÿrl:khg iúlrk jh¾ yd
mdif,a mß.Kl úoHd.drfha we;s cd,fha jh¾ ±laúh yel'
196. o;a; iïfma%YKfhaoS fhdod.kakd Blue Tooth, WiFi, Wimax yd DECT ;dlaIK yÿkajkak
▪ Blue Tooth
fuu ;dlaIKfhka wû 100l jgmsgdjl jh¾,ia l%uhg f;dr;=re yqjudre lr.; yel fñ
i|yd wvq ixLHd; f¾äfhda ;rx. fhdod.kq ,efì'tlúg Blue Tooth
Wmdx. 08la w;r f;dr;=re yqjudre lr.; yel'

▪ WiFi
fuysoS f;dr;=re yqjudrejkafka f¾ûfhda ;rx. j,sks'fñ i|yd jh¾,ia rjqgrhla ;s îu
w;HjYHfú' WiFi iñnkaoh ,eìh yelafla hotspots f,i y÷kajk tys ls%hdldrS;ajh
n,mj;ajk ksYaÑ; m%foaYhla ;=<oS muKs'
▪ Wimax
Internet in|;djh ,nd .ekSug nyq,j fhdod.kakd b;d ÿr m%foaYj,g Microwave ;rx.
Wmldrfhka f;dr;=re yqjudre lr .kakd l%uhls'
▪ DECT
fvlaÜ fyj;a leÜ(DECT/CAT)äcsg,ant /yeka rys; ÿrl;kj,oS fhdod .kakd
;dlaIKhls 100ml jgmsgdjl jh¾,ia l%uhg f;dr;=re yqjudre lr.; yel'

197. mrs.Kl cd,hla ;=, o;a; iïfma%IK l%u(Data Transmission Types) fol rEmigykla u.ska
meyeos,s lrkak
1. Serial Transmission – tlla msgm
q i tlla Bit .uka lrñka iïfm%aIKh isÿlrhs

2. Parallel Transmission – thgu fjka jQ ud¾.hla Èf.a Bits lSmhla tljr .uka lrhs

198. jvd fú.j;a l=uk o;a; iïfma%IK (Data Transmission Types) l%uho@ Fiber Optic Cables

199. o;a; iïfma%IK fú.h ukskq ,nk tallh l=ulao@ Mbps

200. NIC(Network Interface Card) tflys ld¾h l=ulao@
mß.Kl folla fyda lsysmhla w;r iïnkaOhla ilid fokafka fuu ldâ tl u.sks' fuh
fjku ldâ tlla (Expansion Card) f,i fukau iuyr wjia:d j, umqjrej u; mßm:hla
f,io meñfKa

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201. Network Protocol tlla hkq l=ulao@

Wmdx. 2la w;r o;a; iïfm%aIKfha§ wdlD;sh ms<snoj msysgjq d .;a iïuq;shls' fuh tu
Wmdx. w;r yqjudre lr .kakd o;a; yÿkd .ekSug wdOdr fõ'
Eg :- TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, X.25, SNA ……..

202. o;a; ikaksfúok úê(Data Transmition Mode)yÿkajd WodyrK imhkak

Smplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex
203. Internet, Extranet yd Internet hkak yÿkajd WodyrK imhkak
▪ Internet-f,djmqrd jHma;j we;s mrs.Kl cd,hkaf.a;a cd,h
▪ Intranet – hï úfYaIs; msßilg fyda wdh;khlg iSud ù úoahq;a f;dr;=re yqjudre
lr .kakd cd,hls
▪ Extranet – hï úfYaIs; msßilg iSud fkdù ndysr md¾Yjhkago ryia jpk yryd
cd,h Ndñ;d l, yels cd, iïnkaO;djhls

204. ARPANET hkq l=ulao@

205. ISOC hkq l=ulao@ Internet Sociaty
206. ISP(Internet Service Provider) hkq l=ulao@ wka;¾cd, fiajd imhk iud.ම
207. wka;¾cd, myiqlï ,nd.ekSu i|yd ;sìhhq;= uQ,sl wjYH;d fudkjdo@
▪ Computer
▪ MODEM
▪ ISP
▪ Software
▪ Resources

208. fudvï(MODEM) u.ska isÿlrkqfha l=ulao@ Analog Signal,Digital njg m;alsrSu

209. Modulation hkq l=ulao@ Digital-Analog lsrSu'
210. Demodulation hkq l=ulao@ Analog- Digital lsrSu'

211. Internet Browsers j,g WodyrK fokak' Internet Explorer,Opera,Firfox

212. Search Engine j,g WodyrK fokak' Google,Yahoo’MSN

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.
45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.
67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88.
89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110.
111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132.
133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154.
155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176.
177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198.
199. 200. 201. 202. 203. 204. 205. 206. 207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212. 213. 214. 215. 216. 217. 218. 219. 220.

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