RTCP

Renjini P S

CSIS ,S2
RTCP

 Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) allows only that type of message, which
carries data from the source to the destination.
 The messages that can control the transmission and quality of data as well as
also allow the recipients so that they can send feedback to the source or
sources.
 A protocol designed for this purpose, which is known as Real-time Transport
Control Protocol (RTCP).
Structure of RTP and RTCP protocol
Real-Time Transport Control Protocol

 Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) is a protocol that works with

Real-Time Protocol (RTP) to monitor data delivery on large multicast
networks.
 The purpose of monitoring delivery is to determine whether RTP is providing
the necessary Quality of Service (QoS) and to compensate for delays, if
needed. RTCP is used in voice over IP (VoIP) and Internet Protocol Television
(IPTV),streaming video and video conferencing.
 RTCP carries statistical and control data, while RTP delivers the data. RTCP
statistics typically include the number of bytes sent, packets sent, lost packets
and round trip delay between endpoints.
 RTCP also carries the Canomical name (CNAME), which is a unique identifier
for a participant during a session
RTCP – Types of messages

 RTCP has five types of messages:

1. Sender Report
2. Receiver Report
3. Source Description Message
4. Bye Message
5. Application-Specific Message
Sender Report

 The sender report is sent after a fixed interval by the active sender in a
conference to report transmission as well as statistics of reception for all RTP
packets transmitted during the time period.
 The report sent by the sender contains the detail of absolute time-stamp, that is
the number of seconds elapsed since midnight on January 1, 1970.
 After receiving the RTP messages by the receiver, these details of absolute
timestamps helps the receiver for synchronization process.
 This is very much important in audio video transmission for finding the
relative timestamp.
Receiver Report

 Passive participants are those participants that do not send RTP packets, and
for them the Receiver report is used.
 This report is used to informs the sender and other receivers about the quality
of service.
Source Description Message

 The source sends a source description message within a fixed interval to give
some extra information about itself.
 It contains the details about the name of the source, its mail ID, contact number
or source controller.
Bye Message

 To shut down a stream, a source sends a type of message which is known as

Bye message.
 It is used by the source to announcing for leaving the conference.
 This message is a direct announcement for other sources about the absence of a
source.
 It can be used for combining different media file.
Application-Specific Message

 If we want to make our application extensible then RTCP allows application-

specific RTCP packets which is introduced by RTC 3611.
 It can be used to extend the type of application.
UDP Port of RTCP

 RTP use a well known UDP Port, but RTCP does not.
 RTCP uses a temporary port. It must be an odd-numbered port.
 It uses UDP port number which is the next higher odd number and that follows
the port number which selected for RTP.
References

 https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/real-time-transport-control-protocol-rtcp/
THANK YOU