Royal Society

for Chemistry

Stoichiometry
Test bank 1
With Dr. Saif Soliman
Answers:
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. B
10.B
Q1. A balanced chemical equation is in accordance with-

1. Multiple proportion

2. Reciprocal proportion

3. Conservation of mass

4. Definite proportions

Correct Answer: (c) Law of Conservation of Mass

Q2. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __C2H6O + __O2 → __CO2 + __H2O is-

1. 2C2H6O + O2 → CO2 + H2O

2. C2H6O + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

3. C2H6O + 2O2 → 3CO2 + 3H2O

4. 2C2H6O + O2 → 2CO2 + H2O

Correct Answer: (b) C2H6O + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

Q3. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __KNO3 + __H2CO3 → __K2CO3 + __HNO3 is-

1. 2KNO3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

2. 2KNO3 + 2H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

3. KNO3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

4. 2KNO3 + 2H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 3HNO3

Correct Answer: (a) 2KNO3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

Q4. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __CaCl 2 + __Na3PO4 → __ Ca3(PO4)2 + __ NaCl is-

1. 2CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → 2Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl

2. CaCl2 + Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl

3. 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl

4. 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 3NaCl

Correct Answer- (c) 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl

Q5. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __TiCl 4 + __H2O → __TiO2 + __HCl is-

1. TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 +2HCl

2. TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl

3. 2TiCl4 + H2O → 2TiO2 + HCl

4. TiCl4 + 4H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl

Correct Answer- (b) TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl

Q6. Write a balanced equation for the reaction of molecular nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2) to form dinitrogen
pentoxide.

Answer. The equation for the reaction is-

N2 + O2 → N2O5 (unbalanced equation)

The balanced chemical equation is-

2N2 + 5O2 → 2N2O5

Q7. On what basis is a chemical equation balanced?

Answer. A chemical equation is balanced using the law of conservation of mass, which states that “matter cannot be
created nor destroyed.”

Q8. What is the balanced equation for the reaction of photosynthesis?

Answer. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of photosynthesis is-

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Q9. We must solve a skeletal chemical equation.” Give a reason to justify the statement.

Answer. Skeletal chemical equations are unbalanced. Due to the law of conservation of mass, we must balance the
chemical equation. It states that ‘matter cannot be created or destroyed.’ As a result, each chemical reaction must have
a balanced chemical equation.

Q10. What does it mean to say an equation is balanced? Why is it important for an equation to be balanced?

Answer. The chemical equation must be balanced in order to obey the law of conservation of mass. A chemical equation
is said to be balanced when the number of different atoms of elements in the reactants side equals the number of atoms
in the products side. Balancing chemical equations is a trial-and-error process.

Q11. What is meant by the skeletal type chemical equation? What does it represent? Using the equation for
electrolytic decomposition of water, differentiate between a skeletal chemical equation and a balanced chemical
equation.

Answer. Skeletal equations are those in which formulas are used to indicate the chemicals involved in a chemical
reaction.

The law of conservation of mass does not apply to skeletal equations.

The chemical formulas are represented by balanced chemical equations, which follow the law of conservation of mass,
which states that the atoms on the reactant and product sides are the same.

H2O → H2 + O2 : Skeletal equation

2H2O → 2H2 + O2 : Balanced chemical equation

Q12. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction:

1. Phosphorus burns in presence of chlorine to form phosphorus pentachloride.

2. Burning of natural gas.

3. The process of respiration.

Answer.
 1. P4 + 10Cl2 → 4PCl5

2. CH4 +2O2 → CO2 +2H2O + heat energy

3. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O → 6CO2 + 12H2O + energy

Q13. What Is the Distinction Between a Balanced Equation and a Skeleton Equation?

Answer. The primary distinction between a balanced equation and a skeleton equation is that the balanced equation
provides the actual number of molecules of each reactant and product involved in the chemical reaction, whereas a
skeleton equation only provides the reactants. Furthermore, a balanced equation may or may not contain stoichiometric
coefficients, whereas a skeleton equation does not.

Q14. Balance the equations

1. HNO +Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O

2. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3

3. BaCl2 +H2SO4 → BaSO4 +HCl

Answer. The balanced chemical equation for the reactions are as follows-

1. 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O

2. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3

3. BaCl2 +H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

1. What is the amount of water produced when 8g of hydrogen is reacted with 32g of oxygen?

a) 2moles

b) 1mole

c) 3 moles

d) 0.5mole

Answer: 2moles

2. Calculate the mass percent of magnesium in the formation of magnesium oxide.

a) 0.3

b) 1.5

c) 0.67

d) 0.6

Answer: 0.6

3. A solution contains 8 moles of solute and the mass of the solution is 4 kg. What’s the molality of this

solution?

a) 5 mol/kg

b) 8 mol/kg

c) 4 mol/kg

d) 0.5 mol/kg

Answer: 0.5 mol/kg

4. In a container, there are 4 moles of nitrogen, 3 moles of oxygen and 7 moles of hydrogen; find out the

mole fraction of oxygen in this reaction.

a) 0.2143

b) 0.2142

c) 0.1234

d) 0.2434

Answer: 0.2143

5. Find the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of 20g of methane.

a) 44g

b) 20g

c) 66g

d) 22g

Answer: 66g
6. What’s the balanced equation of CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2?

a) CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

b) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

c) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 2 O2

d) 3 CO2 + 2H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

Answer: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

7. In a particular reaction, one of the reactants limits the number of products formed. That is called as

_______

a) Limiting reagent

b) Limiting product

c) Excessive reagent

d) Excessive reactant

Answer: Limiting reagent

8. Which of the following is not true regarding balanced chemical equations?

a) They contain the same number of atoms on each side

b) Electrons are also balanced

c) An equal number of molecules on both the side

d) Follows the law of conservation of mass

Answer: An equal number of molecules on both the side

9. Which of the given reactions are counted as balanced reactions?

a) H2 + O2 → 2H2O

b) 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3

c) Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → 2Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O

d) N2 + 3H2 → NH3

Answer: 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O2