Wasde 0423

WASDE - 635
WHEAT: The outlook for 2022/23 U.S. wheat this month is for slightly higher supplies, reduced domestic use, unchanged expo
increased ending stocks. Supplies are raised 5 million bushels on higher imports, based on the pace of Census imports reporte
Domestic use is lowered 25 million bushels on reduced feed and residual use, which is decreased to 55 million. The downwar
is based on the implied disappearance for the second and third quarters indicated in the NASS Grain Stocks report. Wheat exp
remain at 775 million bushels but there are offsetting by-class changes for White and Hard Red Spring exports. Projected 202
ending stocks are raised 30 million bushels to 598 million but are still 14 percent below last year. The 2022/23 season-averag
price is forecast $0.10 per bushel lower at $8.90, based on NASS prices reported to date and expectations for cash prices for t
remainder of 2022/23.
The global wheat outlook for 2022/23 is for increased supplies, higher consumption, and reduced trade and stocks. Supplies a
0.7 million tons to 1,061.1 million, primarily on higher beginning stocks for Syria and increased production for Ethiopia. Globa
consumption is increased 2.9 million tons to 796.1 million, mainly on higher food, seed, and industrial use for India, and increa
and residual use for China and the EU. World trade is lowered 1.2 million tons to 212.7 million on reduced exports by the EU,
and Brazil more than offsetting increases for Russia and Ukraine. China’s wheat imports are raised 2.0 million tons to 12.0 mil
would be the highest imports for China since 1995/96. China’s imports are raised on strong imports to date, particularly from
China is now the leading 2022/23 global wheat importer. Projected 2022/23 world ending stocks are lowered 2.1 million tons
million, the lowest since 2015/16. This month, India, the Philippines, and Ukraine are projected to have lower stocks, more th
offsetting increases for Syria, the EU, and the United States.
COARSE GRAINS: This month’s 2022/23 U.S. corn outlook is for reductions to imports and food, seed, and industrial (FSI) use,
unchanged ending stocks. Corn imports are lowered 10 million bushels based on observed trade to date. Feed and residual u
unchanged at 5.275 billion based on indicated disappearance during the December-February quarter. FSI is lowered 10 millio
reflecting cuts to corn used for glucose and dextrose and starch. With supply and use falling by the same amount, ending stoc
unchanged at 1.342 billion bushels. The season-average farm price is unchanged at $6.60 per bushel.
Global coarse grain production for 2022/23 is forecast 3.3 million tons lower to 1,436.3 million. This month’s foreign coarse g
outlook is for declines in production, trade, and ending stocks relative to last month. Foreign corn production is forecast dow
for Argentina, the EU, Serbia, and Uruguay are partially offset by an increase for Russia. For Argentina, production is lowered
continued heat during March diminishes yield prospects for late-planted corn, despite locally beneficial precipitation during th
EU corn production is reduced, mostly reflecting declines for Hungary, Italy, and Bulgaria that are partly offset by increases for
and Poland. Russia corn production is higher reflecting increases to both area and yield. Foreign barley production is higher o
increase for the EU.
Major global trade changes include lower forecast corn exports for Argentina, Mexico, Burma, and Serbia, with increases for U
Russia. Corn imports are lowered for Egypt, the United States, Thailand, and Venezuela but raised for the EU, Turkey, and Uru
Foreign corn ending stocks are lower mostly reflecting declines for Ukraine, the EU, Mexico, and Serbia that are partly offset b
for Russia and Brazil. Global corn ending stocks, at 295.3 million tons, are down 1.1 million from last month.
RICE: This month’s supply and demand outlook for 2022/23 U.S. rice is for smaller supplies, increased domestic and residual u
exports, and reduced ending stocks. Supplies are reduced as the import forecast is lowered 2.0 million cwt to 40.0 million on
than-expected pace of long-grain imports. All rice imports continue to be at a record level, however. Based on the NASS Mar
Stocks report, long-grain domestic use is raised 2.0 million cwt to 119.0 million and medium- and short-grain use is raised 2.0
to 32.0 million. The 2022/23 rice export forecast is raised 2.0 million cwt to 61.0 million (all long-grain) on large February Cen
and additional sales to Iraq in late March under a 2022/23 Memorandum of Understanding. Despite this increase, U.S. export
still be the lowest since 1985/86. In aggregate, these supply and use revisions result in an 8.0-million-cwt reduction in ending
28.1 million, the lowest since 2003/04. The long-grain season-average farm price (SAFP) is unchanged at $16.90 per cwt. Wh
medium- and short-grain SAFP price is also unchanged at $29.20 per cwt, the SAFP for Other States was raised $0.10 per cwt t
The 2022/23 global outlook is for lower supplies, increased trade, fractionally higher use, and reduced ending stocks. Global b
stocks are lowered 1.4 million tons to 182.0 million based almost entirely on a multi-year adjustment to use and stocks in the
to better match observed current stock levels. World production is decreased 0.4 million tons to 509.4 million as reduced esti
Indonesia, Brazil, and Iraq more than offset an increase for Bangladesh. Indonesia’s 2022/23 rice production is reduced 0.6 m
to 34.0 million on lower area and yield for its main-season rice crop that was harvested in February and March. Global trade i
is raised 0.8 million tons to 55.7 million, with increased exports for Vietnam and Thailand, in part to account for Indonesia’s in
significantly increase rice purchases in 2023. Total ending stocks are projected 2.0 million tons lower to 171.4 million, primari
decreases for the Philippines and China. At this level, ending stocks would be 6 percent lower than in 2021/22 and the lowest
2017/18.
OILSEEDS: U.S. soybean supply and use forecasts for 2022/23 are unchanged relative to last month. Soybean and soybean m
are also unchanged. The soybean oil price is projected at 64.0 cents per pound, down 2 cents.
Global 2022/23 soybean supply and demand forecasts include lower production, crush, and exports. Global soybean producti
reduced 5.5 million tons to 369.6 million. Lower crops for Argentina and Uruguay are partly offset by higher production for Br
Soybean production for Argentina is lowered 6.0 million tons to 27.0 million on hot and dry weather conditions through Marc
production is lowered 0.9 million tons to 1.2 million on a lower harvested area and yield. Partly offsetting is higher production
which is increased 1.0 million tons to 154.0 million on higher area.
Soybean crush is lowered on reduced supplies and slow pace to date for Argentina, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Egypt. C
Argentina is reduced 3.3 million tons to 32.0 million leading to lower product exports. Partly offsetting is higher crush and hig
soybean oil and meal exports for Brazil. Soybean exports are lowered 0.4 million tons to 168.0 million mainly on lower export
Uruguay. Imports are lowered for Bangladesh, Egypt, and Pakistan and raised for Argentina. Soybean ending stocks are raised
fractionally with higher stocks for China and Brazil that are mostly offset by lower stocks for Argentina.
SUGAR: U.S. sugar supply is increased by 176,692 short tons, raw value (STRV) to 14.637 million on increased imports from la
On March 13, 2023, USTR announced the reallocation of 247,182 STRV from countries that stated they do not plan to ship the
raw sugar TRQ allocation. USDA projects that only 46.5 percent of the reallocation, or 114,905 STRV, will enter, implying a ne
projection of 132,277, down from 254,632 projected last month. High-tier tariff imports are increased to 225,000 STRV on raw
imported during March by a refiner and by an increase in projected monthly refined imports based on the pace to date. There
partial offset of 10,179 STRV from combined calendar year 2022 FTA TRQs where the sugar failed to enter before December 3
sugar production is down by 10,285 STRV on slightly lower recovery and a corresponding small increase in beet pile shrink. Ca
production is up 5,430 STRV on processor reporting in Florida and Texas. Because sugar use is unchanged, ending stocks incre
full extent of the supply increase to 1.897 million STRV, resulting in an increase in the ending stocks-to-use ratio to 14.89 perc
Mexico sugar production is increased by 75,000 metric tons (MT) to 5.560 million. It is projected that area harvested will be c
828,941 hectares (ha) projected by CONDADESUCA but remains below in yield (USDA’s projection of 61.07 MT/ha against 62.3
below in sucrose recovery (10.98 percent against 11.20). The production increase flows through to an increase in IMMEX deli
331,037 MT and in ending stocks to 937,216 MT.
On March 29, the Department of Commerce indicated that the government of Mexico stated that Mexico will be able to supp
sugar needs of 1.118 million MT during the remainder of the Export Limit period. USDA projects Mexico production of below
polarity sugar could be as high as 840,000 MT or about 75 percent of allocation. USDA continues to project lower deliveries to
maintain Mexico sugar supply and use balance for 2022/23, assuming that Mexico will export up to its Export Limit. USDA pro
Mexico imports for IMMEX at 25,000, unchanged from last month.
LIVESTOCK, POULTRY, AND DAIRY: For 2023, the beef production forecast is raised from last month. Higher expected placem
cattle during the first half are reflected in higher forecast beef production during the second half. Pork production is raised in
half on recent slaughter data and revisions to 2022 pig crop data but is lowered in the second half, as the December-February
and producer farrowing intentions for March-May, published in the latest Quarterly Hogs and Pigs report, were lower than pre
expected. Broiler production is raised for the first half on recent slaughter and hatchery data. Turkey production is unchange
production is reduced slightly for the second and third quarters on recent flock and production data.
Export projections for beef are raised on recent trade data and expectations of sustained demand in a number of Asian marke
Imports are also raised on recent data and projections of increased supplies from Oceania. Pork exports and imports are both
recent data. Broiler and turkey exports are raised on recent data, and imports are reduced on recent discoveries of highly pat
avian flu outbreaks in Chile.
Cattle prices for the first quarter are lowered slightly on reported data but raised for all other quarters on continued strength
Hog prices are lowered for all four quarters reflecting current price movements and continued modest demand. Broiler price
projected higher on the strength of demand. Turkey prices are raised on current price movements. Egg prices are raised for t
quarter on reported prices but the forecast for the remaining quarters is unchanged.
The milk production forecast is higher on a larger expected cow inventory. Fat basis imports for 2023 are primarily raised on t
strength of a number of dairy products during the first quarter. Imports of casein and milk protein concentrates are expected
firm, supporting higher skim-solids basis imports through the year. Expectations of increased competition in butter, cheese, n
milk, and whey markets are reflected in lower forecast exports on both a fat- and a skim-solids basis for 2023.
Cheese and butter prices are raised on recent prices. Nonfat dry milk prices are lowered. Whey prices are raised on recent pr
observations and stronger expected demand. With the changes in component prices, Class III prices are projected higher, wh
prices are projected lower. The all milk price is projected higher at $20.65 per cwt.
COTTON: The 2022/23 U.S. cotton supply and demand forecasts show higher exports and lower ending stocks relative to last
with production and domestic mill use unchanged. The export forecast is raised 200,000 bales, to 12.2 million, based on the p
recent sales and shipments. Ending stocks are now forecast at 4.1 million bales, equivalent to 29 percent of total disappearan
marketing year price received by upland cotton producers is projected to average 82 cents per pound, a decrease of 1 cent fro
month.
In the global 2022/23 cotton balance sheet, higher production and reduced trade are contributing to higher ending stocks. W
production is forecast 829,000 bales higher than in March as a 1-million-bale increase for China more than offsets a lower Bra
World 2022/23 ending stocks are projected 867,000 bales higher, with the largest increase in India, where projected stocks ar
higher on lower exports. The expected volume of world trade in 2022/23 is 745,000 bales lower this month, with imports red
Bangladesh, China, and Turkey. On the export side, higher U.S. and Australia exports are more than offset by a 550,000-bale r
for Brazil and a 400,000-bale reduction for India. Projected 2022/23 global consumption is 65,000 bales higher this month as
bale increase for China more than offsets declines in Bangladesh and Turkey.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 8
World and U.S. Supply and Use for Grains 1/
Million Metric Tons
Total Total Ending

World Output Trade 2/
Supply Use 3/ Stocks
Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 2725.4 3544 488.12 2747.4 796.57

2021/22 (Est.) 2796.4 3593 512.73 2804.8 788.17
filler filler filler filler filler
2022/23 Mar 2738.4 3526.2 483.93 2763.2 762.96

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 2734.7 3522.9 482.29 2764.5 758.43
(Proj.) filler filler filler filler filler
Wheat 2020/21 774.41 1074.1 203.35 787.74 286.33

2021/22 (Est.) 779.13 1065.5 202.92 793.36 272.09
2022/23 Mar 788.94 1060.4 213.93 793.19 267.2

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 789.02 1061.1 212.71 796.06 265.05
Coarse Grains 5/ 2020/21 1441.7 1779 233.6 1456 322.94

2021/22 (Est.) 1503.4 1826.3 253.04 1492.3 334.08
2022/23 Mar 1439.6 1772.5 215.11 1450.1 322.44

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 1436.3 1770.4 213.88 1448.4 322.01
Rice, milled 2020/21 509.32 690.96 51.17 503.65 187.31

2021/22 (Est.) 513.85 701.16 56.77 519.16 182
2022/23 Mar 509.83 693.27 54.9 519.95 173.32

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 509.42 691.42 55.69 520.05 171.37
United States Total Total Ending

Output Supply Trade 2/ Use 3/ Stocks
Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 429.86 516.87 107.23 351.24 58.4

2021/22 (Est.) 448.6 513.38 94.85 360.68 57.85
2022/23 Mar 408.46 474.41 72.39 348.85 53.18

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 408.46 474.16 72.41 348.02 53.74
Wheat 2020/21 49.75 80.46 27.05 30.41 23

2021/22 (Est.) 44.8 70.4 21.78 29.61 19.01
2022/23 Mar 44.9 67.18 21.09 30.62 15.47

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 44.9 67.31 21.09 29.94 16.28
Coarse Grains 5/ 2020/21 372.89 427.19 77.21 315.97 34.01
2021/22 (Est.) 397.71 434.32 70.46 326.28 37.58
2022/23 Mar 358.47 399.55 49.42 313.56 36.57

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 358.47 399.23 49.38 313.28 36.56
Rice, milled 2020/21 7.22 9.22 2.97 4.86 1.39

2021/22 (Est.) 6.08 8.67 2.61 4.8 1.26
2022/23 Mar 5.09 7.69 1.87 4.67 1.15

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 5.09 7.62 1.94 4.79 0.89
1/ Aggregate of local marketing years. 2/ Based on export estimate. See individual

commodity tables for treatment of export/import imbalances. 3/ Total use for the United
States is equal to domestic consumption only (excludes exports). 4/ Wheat, coarse grains,
and milled rice. 5/ Corn, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains (for U.S.
excludes millet and mixed grains).
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 9
World and U.S. Supply and Use for Grains, Continued 1/
Million Metric Tons
Foreign 3/ Total Total Ending

Output Supply Trade 2/ Use Stocks
Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 2295.53 3027.12 380.89 2396.18 738.17

2021/22 (Est.) 2347.78 3079.57 417.89 2444.1 730.32
2022/23 Mar 2329.93 3051.78 411.55 2414.38 709.78

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 2326.27 3048.73 409.88 2416.45 704.69
Wheat 2020/21 724.66 993.61 176.3 757.33 263.33

2021/22 (Est.) 734.32 995.06 181.14 763.76 253.09
2022/23 Mar 744.04 993.21 192.83 762.57 251.73

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 744.11 993.8 191.62 766.12 248.77
Coarse Grains 5/ 2020/21 1068.78 1351.77 156.39 1140.06 288.92

2021/22 (Est.) 1105.69 1392.02 182.59 1165.98 296.49
2022/23 Mar 1081.15 1372.98 165.69 1136.53 285.87

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 1077.82 1371.14 164.51 1135.07 285.45
Rice, milled 2020/21 502.1 681.74 48.2 498.79 185.92

2021/22 (Est.) 507.77 692.49 54.16 514.36 180.74
2022/23 Mar 504.74 685.59 53.03 515.28 172.18

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 504.33 683.79 53.76 515.25 170.48
1/ Aggregate of local marketing years. 2/ Based on export estimate. See individual commodity
tables for treatment of export/import imbalances. 3/ Total foreign is equal to world minus
United States. 4/ Wheat, coarse grains, and milled rice. 5/ Corn, sorghum, barley, oats, rye,
millet, and mixed grains.
World and U.S. Supply and Use for Cotton 1/
Million 480-lb. Bales
Total Total Ending

Output Supply Trade 2/ Use 3/ Stocks
World 2020/21 111.5 209.71 48.83 123.31 86.3

2021/22 (Est.) 116.01 202.31 42.86 116.29 86.23
2022/23 Mar 115.09 201.2 39.6 110.11 91.15
(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 115.92 202.15 38.86 110.17 92.01
United States 2020/21 14.61 21.86 16.35 2.4 3.15

2021/22 (Est.) 17.52 20.68 14.62 2.55 3.75
2022/23 Mar 14.68 18.44 12 2.1 4.3

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 14.68 18.44 12.2 2.1 4.1
Foreign 4/ 2020/21 96.89 187.85 32.48 120.91 83.15

2021/22 (Est.) 98.49 181.64 28.24 113.74 82.48
2022/23 Mar 100.41 182.77 27.6 108.01 86.85

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 101.24 183.71 26.66 108.07 87.91
1/ Marketing year beginning August 1. 2/ Based on export estimate. 3/ Includes mill use only.
4/ Total Foreign is equal to world minus United States. See global cotton tables for treatment
of export/import imbalances.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 10
World and U.S. Supply and Use for Oilseeds 1/
(Million Metric Tons)
World Total Total Ending

Output Supply Trade Use 2/ Stocks
Oilseeds 2020/21 608.35 720.83 192.1 509.28 116.05

2021/22 (Est.) 609.21 725.26 179 510.37 118.33
2022/23 Mar 629.89 747.59 199.9 526.26 117.31

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 625.38 743.71 199.9 522.44 116.83
Oilmeals 2020/21 349.14 370.02 97.48 345.77 19.35

2021/22 (Est.) 349.31 368.66 96.2 346.1 20.04
2022/23 Mar 359.51 377.5 96.59 355.86 17.01

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 356.19 376.23 94.62 355.24 17.45
Vegetable Oils 2020/21 206.83 236.93 85.21 204.42 28.52

2021/22 (Est.) 208.89 237.41 79.12 202.87 30.08
2022/23 Mar 217.22 246.57 88.23 212.83 29.56

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 216.28 246.36 87.74 212.52 28.9
United States Output

Total
Supply Trade
Total
/ Use 2
Ending
Stocks
Oilseeds 2020/21 124.52 141.69 62.78 62.66 8.64

2021/22 (Est.) 131.35 141.16 59.71 63.87 9.14
2022/23 Mar 125.96 136.39 55.76 64.75 7.47

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 125.96 136.45 55.71 64.75 7.49
Oilmeals 2020/21 48.25 53.02 12.62 40 0.39

2021/22 (Est.) 49.26 53.21 12.44 40.42 0.35
2022/23 Mar 50.13 54.46 12.66 41.39 0.4

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 50.08 54.45 12.66 41.39 0.4
Vegetable Oils 2020/21 12.7 18.86 1.04 16.52 1.3

2021/22 (Est.) 13.06 19.61 1.05 17.29 1.27
2022/23 Mar 13.3 20.1 0.44 18.38 1.28

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 13.29 20.39 0.42 18.66 1.31
Foreign 3/ Output
Total
Supply Trade
Total
Use 2/
Ending
Stocks
Oilseeds 2020/21 483.83 579.14 129.3 446.63 107.41
2021/22 (Est.) 477.86 584.1 119.3 446.5 109.19
2022/23 Mar 503.93 611.19 144.1 461.52 109.84

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 499.41 607.26 144.2 457.7 109.34
Oilmeals 2020/21 300.9 317 84.86 305.77 18.96

2021/22 (Est.) 300.05 315.45 83.76 305.68 19.69
2022/23 Mar 309.38 323.04 83.93 314.46 16.6

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 306.11 321.78 81.96 313.85 17.05
Vegetable Oils 2020/21 194.13 218.07 84.17 187.9 27.22

2021/22 (Est.) 195.83 217.8 78.07 185.58 28.81
2022/23 Mar 203.92 226.47 87.79 194.44 28.28

(Proj.)
2022/23 Apr 202.99 225.97 87.32 193.86 27.59
1/ Aggregate of local marketing years with Brazil and Argentina on an Oct.-Sept. year.
2/ Crush only for oilseeds. 3/ Total Foreign is equal to World minus United States.
April 2023
WASDE -
635 - 11
U.S. Wheat
Supply and
Use 1/
2021 2022
/22 /23
2020/21 Est. Proj.
Apr
Area Planted 44.5 46.7 45.7
Area 36.8 37.1 35.5
Harvested
Yield per 49.7 44.3 46.5
Harvested
Beginning 1028 845 698
Acre
Stocks
Production 1828 1646 1650
Imports 100 95 125
Supply, Total 2956 2587 2473
Food 961 972 975
Seed 64 58 70
Feed and 93 59 55
H
Residual
Domestic, 1117 1088 1100
a
Total
Exports r 994 800 775
d
Use, Total 2111 1888 1875
Ending Stocks R 845 698 598
Avg. Farm e 5.05 7.63 8.9
Price ($/bu) 2/ d
W
i
n
U.S. Wheat t
Year
by Class:
beginning e
Supply and r Total
June
Use 1
2021/22 (Est.) Beginning Stocks ### 845

Production ### 1646
Supply, Total 3/ ### 2587
Domestic Use ### 1088
Exports ### 800
Use, Total ### 1888
Ending Stocks, Total ### 698
2022/23 Beginning Stocks ### 698

(Proj.) Production ### 1650
Supply, Total 3/ ### 2473
Domestic Use ### 1100
Exports ### 775
Use, Total ### 1875
Ending Stocks, Total Apr
### 598
Ending Stocks, Total Mar
### 568
Note: Totals
may not add
due to
rounding. 1/
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 12
U.S. Feed Grain and

Corn Supply and Use 1/
FEED GRAINS 2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj.

Apr
Area Planted 102.3 105.8 100.4
Area Harvested 90.6 94.4 87.1
Yield per Harvested Acre 4.11 4.21 4.11
Beginning Stocks 51.8 34 37.6
Production 372.6 397.5 358.2
Imports 2.2 2.3 2.9
Supply, Total 426.6 433.8 398.6
Feed and Residual 146.7 148.7 137.7
Food, Seed & Industrial 168.8 177.1 175
Domestic, Total 315.4 325.8 312.7
Exports 77.2 70.5 49.4
Use, Total 392.6 396.2 362.1
Ending Stocks 34 37.6 36.5
CORN 2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj.
April

Yield per Harvested Acre 171.4 176.7 173.3
Beginning Stocks 1919 1235 1377
Production 14111 15074 13730
Imports 24 24 40
Supply, Total 16055 16333 15147
Feed and Residual 5607 5721 5275
Food, Seed & Industrial 2/ 6467 6764 6680
Ethanol & by-products 3/ 5028 5326 5250
Domestic, Total 12074 12484 11955
Exports 2747 2471 1850
Use, Total 14821 14956 13805
Ending Stocks 1235 1377 1342
Avg. Farm Price ($/bu) 4/ 4.53 6 6.6
Note: Totals may not add

due to rounding. 1/
Marketing year beginning
September 1 for corn and
sorghum; June 1 for barley
and oats. 2/ For a breakout
of FSI corn uses, see Feed
Outlook table 5 or access the
data on the Web through the
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 13
U.S. Sorghum, Barley, and Oats Supply and Use 1/
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.

SORGHUM
Mar Apr
Million Bushels
Filler
Filler Filler Filler Filler
Area Planted (mil. acres) 5.9 7.3 6.3 6.3

Area Harvested (mil. acres) 5.1 6.5 4.6 4.6
Yield (bushels/acre) 73.2 69 41.1 41.1
Beginning Stocks 30 20 47 47
Production 373 448 188 188
Imports 0 0 0 0
Supply, Total 403 468 235 235
Feed and Residual 97 81 70 70
Food, Seed & Industrial 7 45 50 50
Total Domestic 104 127 120 120
Exports 279 294 90 90
Use, Total 383 421 210 210
Ending Stocks 20 47 25 25
Avg. Farm Price ($/bu) 2/ 5.04 5.94 6.9 6.9
Filler
BARLEY
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.
March April
Filler
Area Planted (mil. acres) 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9

Area Harvested (mil. acres) 2.2 2 2.4 2.4
Yield (bushels/acre) 77.2 60.3 71.7 71.7
Production 171 120 174 174
Imports 7 15 16 19
Supply, Total 258 206 232 235
Exports 14 7 5 3
Use, Total 186 164 170 173
Avg. Farm Price ($/bu) 2/ 4.75 5.31 7.3 7.35
Filler
OATS
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.
March April
Filler
Area Planted (mil. acres) 3 2.6 2.6 2.6

Area Harvested (mil. acres) 1 0.7 0.9 0.9
Yield (bushels/acre) 65.1 61.3 64.8 64.8
Production 66 40 58 58
Imports 85 81 90 85
Supply, Total 188 159 180 175
Exports 3 3 2 2
Use, Total 150 126 148 143
Avg. Farm Price ($/bu) 2/ 2.77 4.55 4.75 4.65
Filler
Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. 1/ Marketing year beginning September 1 for
sorghum; June 1 for barley and oats. 2/ Marketing-year weighted average price received by
farmers.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 14
U.S. Rice Supply and Use 1/
(Rough Equivalent of Rough and Milled Rice)
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.

TOTAL RICE
Mar Apr
Million Acres
Area Planted 3.04 2.53 2.22 2.22
Area Harvested 2.99 2.49 2.17 2.17
Pounds
Filler
Yield per Harvested Acre 7619 7709 7383 7383

Million Hundredweight
Beginning Stocks 2/ 28.7 43.7 39.7 39.7
Production 227.5 191.6 160.4 160.4
Imports 34.1 37.8 42 40
Supply, Total 290.2 273 242.1 240.1
Domestic & Residual 3/ 153.1 151.1 147 151
Exports, Total 4/ 93.5 82.2 59 61
Rough 34.6 28.3 16 16
Milled (rough equiv.) 58.9 53.9 43 45
Use, Total 246.6 233.3 206 212
Ending Stocks 43.7 39.7 36.1 28.1
Avg. Milling Yield (%) 5/ 70 70 70 70
Avg. Farm Price ($/cwt) 6/ 14.4 16.1 19.4 19.4
Total
LONG-GRAIN RICE
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.
March April
Harvested Acres (mil.) 2.3 1.94 1.77 1.77

Yield (pounds/acre) 7422 7471 7224 7224
Beginning Stocks 16.9 29.7 24.6 24.6
Imports 27.4 30.7 33 31
Production 170.8 144.6 128.2 128.2
Supply, Total 7/ 215.1 205 185.8 183.8
Exports 8/ 65 60.6 45 47
Use, Total 185.3 180.3 162 166
Ending Stocks 29.7 24.6 23.8 17.8
Avg. Farm Price ($/cwt) 6/ 12.6 13.6 16.9 16.9
Filler
MEDIUM & SHORT-GRAIN 2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.
RICE March April
Harvested Acres (mil.) 0.69 0.55 0.4 0.4

Yield (pounds/acre) 8282 8549 8094 8094
Beginning Stocks 10.7 11.5 13 13
Imports 6.7 7.1 9 9
Production 56.7 47 32.2 32.2
Supply, Total 7/ 72.7 66 54.3 54.3
Exports 8/ 28.5 21.5 14 14
Use, Total 61.2 53 44 46
Ending Stocks 11.5 13 10.3 8.3
Avg. Farm Price ($/cwt) 1/ 6/ 9/ 20.1 26.4 29.2 29.2
California 10/ 22.6 31.9 36 36
Other States 1/ 13 13.9 17.6 17.7
Filler
Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. 1/ Marketing year beginning August 1. 2/ Includes the following quantities of broken
kernel rice (type undetermined) not included in estimates of ending stocks by type (in mil. cwt): 2017/18-1.4; 2018/19-2.1; 2019/20-
1.0. 3/ Residual includes unreported use, processing losses, and estimating errors. Use by type may not add to total rice use because of
the difference in brokens between beginning and ending stocks. 4/ Includes rough rice and milled rice exports. Milled rice exports are
converted to an equivalent rough basis. 5/ Expressed as a percent, i.e., the total quantity of whole kernel and broken rice produced
divided by the quantity of rough rice milled. 6/ Marketing-year weighted average price received by farmers. 7/ Includes imports. 8/
Exports by type of rice are estimated. 9/ The California medium/short-grain season-average- farm price (SAFP) largely reflects rice
that is marketed through price pools in California. The pool price is not final until all the rice in the pool is marketed for the crop year.
Therefore, SAFP forecasts based on the average of NASS monthly prices and the final price may differ. 10/ Marketing year beginning
October 1.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 15
U.S. Soybeans and Products

Supply and Use (Domestic
Measure) 1/
SOYBEANS 2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj.

Apr
Filler
Filler Filler Filler

Yield per Harvested Acre 51 51.7 49.5
Production 4216 4465 4276
Imports 20 16 15
Supply, Total 4761 4738 4566
Crushings 2141 2204 2220
Exports 2266 2158 2015
Seed 101 102 102
Residual -4 1 19
Use, Total 4504 4464 4355
Avg. Farm Price ($/bu) 2/ 10.8 13.3 14.3
Total
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj.
SOYBEAN OIL
April
Filler
Filler Filler Filler

Production 4/ 25023 26155 26195
Imports 302 303 300
Supply, Total 27177 28590 28486
Domestic Disappearance 23314 24825 26050
Biofuel 3/ 8920 10348 11600
Food, Feed & other Industrial 14394 14477 14450
Exports 1731 1773 500
Use, Total 25046 26599 26550
Ending stocks 2131 1991 1936
Avg. Price (c/lb) 2/ 56.87 72.98 64
Total
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj.
SOYBEAN MEAL
April
Filler
1 2 4
Thousand Short
Production 4/ 50565 51814 52489
Imports 784 649 650
Supply, Total 51691 52804 53450
Domestic Disappearance 37674 38970 39400
Exports 13675 13524 13700
Use, Total 51350 52493 53100
Avg. Price ($/s.t.) 2/ 392.31 439.81 465
Total
Note: Totals may not add due to

rounding. Reliability calculations at
end of report. 1/ Marketing year
beginning September 1 for soybeans;
October 1 for soybean oil and soybean
meal. 2/ Prices: soybeans, marketing
year weighted average price received
by farmers; oil, simple average of
crude soybean oil, Decatur; meal,
simple average of 48 percent protein,
Decatur. 3/ Reflects soybean oil used
for biofuels as reported by the U.S.
Energy Information Administration.
4/ Based on an October year crush of
2,207 million bushels for 2021/22 and
2,220 million bushels for 2022/23.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 16
U.S. Sugar Supply and Use 1/
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.

Mar Apr
Filler
1,000 Short Tons, Raw Value

Production 2/ 9233 9157 9310 9306
Beet Sugar 5092 5155 5160 5150
Cane Sugar 4141 4002 4150 4156
Florida 2090 1934 2040 2044
Louisiana 1918 1944 2034 2034
Texas 134 124 76 78
Imports 3221 3646 3330 3511
TRQ 3/ 1749 1579 1618 1730
Other Program 4/ 292 298 250 250
Non-program 1180 1769 1462 1531
Mexico 968 1379 1306 1306
High-tier tariff/other 212 390 156 225
Total Supply 14072 14508 14460 14637
Exports 49 29 35 35
Deliveries 12277 12578 12705 12705
Food 12161 12470 12600 12600
Other 5/ 116 107 105 105
Miscellaneous 40 81 0 0
Total Use 12367 12688 12740 12740
Ending Stocks 1705 1820 1720 1897
Stocks to Use Ratio 13.8 14.3 13.5 14.9
Total
1/ Fiscal years beginning Oct 1. Data and projections correspond to category components from "Sweetener Market
Data" (SMD). 2/ Production projections for 2021/22 and 2022/23 are based on Crop Production and/or processor
projections/industry data and/or sugar ICEC analysis where appropriate. 3/ For 2021/22, WTO raw sugar TRQ
shortfall (151) and for 2022/23 (132). 4/ Composed of sugar under the re-export and polyhydric alcohol programs. 5/
Transfers accompanying deliveries for sugar-containing products to be exported (SCP) and polyhydric alcohol
manufacture (POLY), and deliveries for livestock feed and ethanol. Total refiner license transfers for SCP and POLY
inclusive of WASDE-reported deliveries: 2020/21 -- 298; estimated 2021/22 -- 303; projected 2022/23 -- 315
Mexico Sugar Supply and Use and High Fructose Corn Syrup Consumption 1/
Beginning Ending
Stocks Production Imports Domestic 2/ Exports Stocks
Sugar 1,000 Metric Tons, Actual Weight

2021/22 Est. Mar 1053 6185 31 4629 1676 964
2021/22 Est. Apr 1053 6185 31 4629 1676 964
2022/23 Mar 964 5485 35 4438 1121 925

Proj.
2022/23 Apr 964 5560 35 4499 1123 937
Proj.
1/ HFCS consumption by Mexico (1,000 metric tons, dry basis): 2020/21 = 1,320; Estimated 2020/21 = 1,291;
Projected 2022/23 = 1,291; Estimated Oct.- Feb. 2023 = 559; Estimated Oct. - Feb. 2022 = 516. Footnote source for
estimate: Comite Nacional para el Desarollo Sustentable de la Cana de Azucar. 2/Includes deliveries for consumption,
Mexico's products export program (IMMEX), and Other Deliveries/Ending Year Statistical Adjustments. IMMEX:
2021/22 (532 est =508 dom.+24 import); 2022/23 (331 proj = 306 dom.+25 import). Statistical Adjustments: 2021/22
(-16), 2022/23 (0).
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 17
U.S. Cotton Supply and Use 1/
2020/21 2021/22 Est. 2022/23 Proj. 2022/23 Proj.

Mar Apr
Filler
Area Million Acres

Planted 12.09 11.22 13.76 13.76
Harvested 8.22 10.27 7.44 7.44
Pounds
Filler
Yield per Harvested Acre 853 819 947 947

Million 480 Pound Bales
Beginning Stocks 7.25 3.15 3.75 3.75
Production 14.61 17.52 14.68 14.68
Imports 0 0.01 0.01 0.01
Supply, Total 21.86 20.68 18.44 18.44
Domestic Use 2.4 2.55 2.1 2.1
Exports, Total 16.35 14.62 12 12.2
Use, Total 18.75 17.17 14.1 14.3
Unaccounted 2/ -0.04 -0.24 0.04 0.04
Ending Stocks 3.15 3.75 4.3 4.1
Avg. Farm Price 3/ 66.3 91.4 83 82
Total
Note: Reliability calculations at end of report. 1/ Upland and extra-long staple; marketing
year beginning August 1. Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Reflects the difference
between the previous season's supply less total use and ending stocks. 3/ Cents per pound
for upland cotton.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 18
World Wheat
Supply and Use 1/
(Million Metric
Tons)
Beginning Domestic Domestic Ending
2020/21 Stocks Production Imports Feed Total 2/ Exports Stocks
World 3/ 299.66 774.41 194.8 163.7 787.74 203.35 286.33
World Less China 149.65 640.16 184.18 118.7 632.74 202.59 147.21
United States 27.99 49.75 2.73 2.54 30.41 27.05 23
Total Foreign 271.68 724.66 192.07 161.16 757.33 176.3 263.33
Major Exporters 4/ 32.5 322.46 6.67 72.81 179.33 147.42 34.88
Argentina 2.46 17.64 0.01 0.05 6.25 11.53 2.32
Australia 2.7 31.92 0.2 4.5 8.03 23.77 3.02
Canada 5.5 35.44 0.55 4.16 9.1 26.43 5.95
European Union 5/
13.11 126.68 5.39 42.5 104.75 29.74 10.7
Russia 7.23 85.35 0.4 19 42.5 39.1 11.38
Ukraine 1.5 25.42 0.13 2.6 8.7 16.85 1.51
Major Importers 6/ 192.89 200.42 123.98 63.38 328.25 12.62 176.42
Bangladesh 1.76 1.18 7.2 0.5 8 0 2.14
Brazil 1.99 6.25 6.4 0.4 11.8 0.93 1.91
China 150.02 134.25 10.62 45 155 0.76 139.12
Japan 1.1 1 5.49 0.65 6.25 0.3 1.04
N. Africa 7/ 14.36 15.81 28.5 1.75 46.62 0.8 11.24
Nigeria 0.3 0.06 6.59 0.05 5.55 0.6 0.79
Sel. Mideast 8/ 11.44 20.64 17.32 3.54 38.58 0.62 10.2
Southeast Asia 9/ 5.51 0 25.18 8.09 25.1 1.14 4.45
Selected Other
India 24.7 107.86 0.02 6.5 102.22 2.56 27.8
Kazakhstan 0.66 14.26 1 1.45 6.25 8.19 1.48
United Kingdom 2.44 9.66 3.22 5.96 13.46 0.45 1.42
2021/22 Est. Stocks Production Imports Feed Total 2/ Exports Stocks
World 3/ 286.33 779.13 199.24 161.45 793.36 202.92 272.09
World Less China 147.21 642.18 189.68 126.45 645.36 202.05 135.34
United States 23 44.8 2.59 1.6 29.61 21.78 19.01
Total Foreign 263.33 734.32 196.65 159.86 763.76 181.14 253.09
Major Exporters 4/ 34.88 327.22 5.79 78.9 186.22 142.47 39.2
Argentina 2.32 22.15 0 0.25 6.55 16 1.93
Australia 3.02 36.24 0.21 5 8.53 27.51 3.43
Canada 5.95 22.42 0.55 5.15 10.15 15.12 3.66
European Union 5/ 10.7 138.24 4.63 45 108.25 32 13.32
Russia 11.38 75.16 0.3 19.5 42.75 33 11.09

Ukraine 1.51 33.01 0.1 4 10 18.84 5.77
Major Importers 6/ 176.42 203.11 130.33 54.68 323.56 15.31 171
Bangladesh 2.14 1.09 6.34 0.55 8.25 0 1.31
Brazil 1.91 7.7 6.39 0.45 11.75 3.07 1.18
China 139.12 136.95 9.57 35 148 0.88 136.76
Japan 1.04 1.13 5.61 0.75 6.3 0.3 1.18
N. Africa 7/ 11.24 20.43 26.61 1.87 47.02 0.41 10.86
Nigeria 0.79 0.09 6.19 0.05 5.85 0.6 0.62
Sel. Mideast 8/ 10.2 16.42 22.76 3.88 38.76 0.75 9.87
Southeast Asia 9/ 4.45 0 27.03 8.5 25.63 1.23 4.62
Selected Other
India 27.8 109.59 0.03 7 109.88 8.03 19.5
Kazakhstan 1.48 11.81 2.5 1.35 6.2 8.1 1.49
United Kingdom 1.42 13.99 2.63 7.4 15.4 0.83 1.81
1/ Aggregate of local
marketing years. 2/
Total foreign and world
use adjusted to reflect
the differences in world
imports and exports. 3/
World imports and
exports may not balance
due to differences in
marketing years, grain
in transit, and reporting
discrepancies in some
countries. 4/ Argentina,
Australia, Canada,
European Union,
Russia, and Ukraine. 5/
Trade excludes intra-
trade. 6/ Bangladesh,
Brazil, China, South
Korea, Japan, Nigeria,
Mexico, Turkey, Egypt,
Algeria, Libya,
Morocco, Tunisia,
Indonesia, Malaysia,
Philippines, Thailand,
Vietnam, Lebanon, Iraq,
Iran, Israel, Jordan,
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
Yemen, United Arab
Emirates, and Oman. 7/
Algeria, Egypt, Libya,
Morocco, and Tunisia.
8/Lebanon, Iraq, Iran,
Israel, Jordan, Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia, Yemen,
United Arab Emirates,
and Oman 9/ Indonesia,
Malaysia, Philippines,
Thailand, and Vietnam.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 19
World Wheat Supply

and Use 1/ (Cont'd.)

2022/23 Proj. Stocks Production Imports Feed Total 2/ Exports Stocks
World 3/ Mar 271.45 788.94 208.41 158.5 793.19 213.93 267.2

Apr 272.09 789.02 206.3 160.31 796.06 212.71 265.05
World Less China Mar 134.69 651.22 198.41 128.5 649.19 213.03 127.62
Apr 135.34 651.29 194.3 128.31 650.06 211.81 125.47
United States Mar 19.01 44.9 3.27 2.18 30.62 21.09 15.47
Apr 19.01 44.9 3.4 1.5 29.94 21.09 16.28
Total Foreign Mar 252.44 744.04 205.14 156.32 762.57 192.83 251.73
Apr 253.09 744.11 202.9 158.81 766.12 191.62 248.77
Major Exporters 4/ Mar 39.67 333.42 10.21 80.05 188 154 41.29
Apr 39.2 332.72 11.68 81.05 188.5 153.5 41.59
Argentina Mar 2.35 12.9 0.01 0.05 6.25 6.5 2.51
Apr 1.93 12.55 0.01 0.05 6.45 5.5 2.53
Australia Mar 3.43 39 0.2 5 8.5 28.5 5.63
Apr 3.43 39 0.2 5 8.5 28.5 5.63
Canada Mar 3.66 33.82 0.6 4.5 9.55 25 3.54
Apr 3.66 33.82 0.6 4.5 9.55 25 3.54
European Union 5/ Mar 13.36 134.7 9 45 109 37 11.06
Apr 13.32 134.34 10.5 47 111 35 12.16
Russia Mar 11.09 92 0.3 21.5 45.5 43.5 14.39
Apr 11.09 92 0.3 20.5 44 45 14.39
Ukraine Mar 5.77 21 0.1 4 9.2 13.5 4.17
Apr 5.77 21 0.08 4 9 14.5 3.34
Major Importers 6/ Mar 171.87 206.44 132.67 49.25 319.72 16.87 174.39
Apr 171 206.03 130.77 50.5 318.96 15.87 172.97
Bangladesh Mar 1.31 1.1 5 0.2 6.7 0 0.71
Apr 1.31 1.1 4.8 0.2 6.5 0 0.71
Brazil Mar 1.18 10.4 5.6 0.4 11.7 4.4 1.08
Apr 1.18 10.4 5.6 0.5 11.9 3.5 1.78
China Mar 136.76 137.72 10 30 144 0.9 139.58
Apr 136.76 137.72 12 32 146 0.9 139.58
Japan Mar 1.18 1.05 5.75 0.75 6.3 0.3 1.38
Apr 1.18 1.05 5.75 0.75 6.3 0.3 1.38
N. Africa 7/ Mar 10.86 17.6 29.9 1.77 47.22 0.5 10.64
Apr 10.86 17.63 29.9 1.77 47.22 0.5 10.67
Nigeria Mar 0.62 0.11 6 0 5.6 0.6 0.53
Apr 0.62 0.11 5.5 0 5.3 0.6 0.33
Sel. Mideast 8/ Mar 9.96 17.61 23.22 3.38 39.28 0.67 10.84
Apr 9.87 17.17 22.32 3.38 38.82 0.67 9.87
Southeast Asia 9/ Mar 5.41 0 26.9 8.45 26 1.15 5.17
Apr 4.62 0 24.4 7.9 24.3 1.15 3.58
Selected Other
India Mar 19.5 104 0.1 6 105.48 5.5 12.63
Apr 19.5 104 0.1 6 107.75 5.35 10.5
Kazakhstan Mar 1.49 16.4 2 2 7 10.5 2.4
Apr 1.49 16.4 2 2 7 10.5 2.4
United Kingdom Mar 1.81 15.5 1.8 7.8 15.8 1.3 2.01
Apr 1.81 15.5 1.8 7.8 15.8 1.3 2.01
marketing years. 2/ Total
foreign and world use
adjusted to reflect the
differences in world
World imports and
marketing years, grain in
transit, and reporting
Australia, Canada,
European Union, Russia,
and Ukraine. 5/ Trade
excludes intra-trade. 6/
Bangladesh, Brazil,
China, South Korea,
Japan, Nigeria, Mexico,
Turkey, Egypt, Algeria,
Libya, Morocco, Tunisia,
Vietnam, Lebanon, Iraq,
Iran, Israel, Jordan,
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
Yemen, United Arab
Emirates, and Oman. 7/
Algeria, Egypt, Libya,
Morocco, and Tunisia.
8/Lebanon, Iraq, Iran,
Israel, Jordan, Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia, Yemen,
United Arab Emirates,
and Oman 9/ Indonesia,
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 20
World Coarse Grain

Supply and Use 1/

World 3/ 337.29 1441.67 233.79 903.79 1456.02 233.6 322.94

World Less China 136.34 1172.58 183.26 682.84 1142.92 233.59 115.48
United States 51.83 372.89 2.48 146.74 315.97 77.21 34.01
Total Foreign 285.46 1068.78 231.31 757.05 1140.06 156.39 288.92
Major Exporters 4/ 24.24 297.33 5.46 134.73 180.99 126.63 19.41
Argentina 4.57 60.01 0.02 11.29 17.02 45.52 2.06
Australia 3.01 18.56 0 6.21 8.08 10.5 2.98
Brazil 5.82 90.32 3.35 62.42 73.86 21.04 4.6
Canada 3.98 29.64 1.89 16.67 24.63 7.26 3.63
Russia 1.87 41.4 0.09 21.47 31.04 10.42 1.9
Ukraine 2.55 39.59 0.07 9.25 12.41 28.15 1.65
Major Importers 5/ 36.25 252.53 137.73 294.5 376.97 13.24 36.3
European Union 6/ 14.16 155.46 15.87 119.91 159.41 11.45 14.62
Japan 1.74 0.23 16.98 13.45 17.29 0 1.66
Mexico 4.14 32.66 17.15 30.34 49.84 0.51 3.6
N. Afr & Mideast 7/ 7.69 32.62 38.77 63.16 71.37 0.71 7.01
Saudi Arabia 1.72 0.14 10.03 10.22 10.55 0 1.33
Southeast Asia 8/ 3.8 31.12 22.65 43.43 51.72 0.57 5.29
South Korea 2.02 0.22 11.8 9.47 12.01 0 2.04
Selected Other
China 200.96 269.08 50.53 220.95 313.11 0.01 207.46
2021/22 Est. Beginning
Stocks Production Imports
Dom estic
Feed
Domestic
Total 2/ Exports
Endi ng
Stocks
World 3/ 322.94 1503.4 230.29 913.39 1492.26 253.04 334.08

World Less China 115.48 1222.54 188.79 685.57 1172.23 253.04 124.3
United States 34.01 397.71 2.59 148.73 326.28 70.46 37.58
Total Foreign 288.92 1105.69 227.7 764.67 1165.98 182.59 296.49
Major Exporters 4/ 19.41 332.81 9.77 141.56 187.84 148.61 25.54
Argentina 2.06 59.16 0.01 13.12 18.74 40 2.48
Australia 2.98 19.22 0 5.84 7.71 10.95 3.53
Brazil 4.6 120.62 3.25 63.59 75.68 48.3 4.5
Canada 3.63 25.12 6.4 17.5 25.79 5.65 3.71
Russia 1.9 38.54 0.1 22.23 31.11 7.58 1.85
Ukraine 1.65 53.51 0.02 11.95 15.08 32.93 7.17
Major Importers 5/ 36.3 248.49 138.89 288.52 372.11 15.29 36.28
European Union 6/ 14.62 154.77 21.35 120.45 160.33 13.72 16.69
Japan 1.66 0.24 16.52 13.09 16.83 0 1.59
Mexico 3.6 32.79 18.56 31.05 50.77 0.25 3.93
N. Afr & Mideast 7/ 7.01 29.37 40.57 61.03 69.78 0.69 6.49
Saudi Arabia 1.33 0.15 8.28 8.02 8.35 0 1.41
Southeast Asia 8/ 5.29 30.9 17.34 41.11 49.48 0.63 3.42
South Korea 2.04 0.19 11.63 9.26 11.79 0 2.07
Selected Other
China 207.46 280.85 41.5 227.83 320.03 0.01 209.77
marketing years. Coarse
grains include corn, sorghum,
barley, oats, rye, millet, and
mixed grains (for U.S.
excludes millet and mixed
grains). 2/ Total foreign and
world use adjusted to reflect
imports and exports. 3/ World
imports and exports may not
balance due to differences in
Australia, Brazil, Canada,
Russia, South Africa, and
Ukraine. 5/ European Union,
Japan, Mexico, selected
North Africa and Middle
East, Saudi Arabia, Southeast
Asia, and South Korea. 6/
Trade excludes intra-trade. 7/
Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Israel,
Jordan, Libya, Morocco,
Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. 8/
Philippines, Thailand, and
Vietnam.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 21
World Coarse Grain

Supply and Use 1/
(Cont'd.)

World 3/ Mar 332.91 1439.62 213.56 891.75 1450.09 215.11 322.44

Apr 334.08 1436.29 213.04 891.28 1448.36 213.88 322.01
Apr 124.3 1150.79 180.79 662.86 1128.73 213.83 114.16
Apr 37.58 358.47 3.18 137.87 313.28 49.38 36.56
Apr 296.49 1077.82 209.87 753.41 1135.07 164.51 285.45
Major Exporters 4/ Mar 24.32 320.54 3.05 138.19 184.99 138.18 24.74
Apr 25.54 319.9 3.16 139.24 186.15 138.05 24.39
Argentina Mar 2.48 48.71 0.01 10.46 16.17 32.7 2.33
Apr 2.48 45.71 0.01 10.46 16.17 29.7 2.33
Australia Mar 3.53 18.67 0 6.12 8 10.78 3.43
Apr 3.53 18.67 0 5.97 7.85 10.83 3.53
Brazil Mar 4.28 129.54 1.8 65.5 77.99 50.03 7.6
Apr 4.5 129.54 1.81 65.5 77.99 50.03 7.82
Canada Mar 3.71 30.54 1.05 17.12 24.79 6.48 4.03
Apr 3.71 30.54 1.15 17.12 24.89 6.43 4.08
Russia Mar 1.85 41.77 0.1 23.57 33.02 8.77 1.94
Apr 1.85 44.13 0.1 24.78 34.25 9.62 2.22
Ukraine Mar 6.17 34.16 0 8.02 11.15 26.03 3.16
Apr 7.17 34.16 0 8.02 11.13 28.05 2.16
Apr 36.28 229.99 137.98 280.41 362.15 10.17 31.92
European Union 6/ Mar 16.77 135.61 25.61 117.28 155.78 8.47 13.74
Apr 16.69 133.85 26.93 117.29 155.69 8.28 13.5
Japan Mar 1.59 0.25 16.47 12.85 16.75 0 1.56
Apr 1.59 0.25 16.47 12.85 16.75 0 1.55
Mexico Mar 3.93 33.49 17.97 31.34 50.96 0.6 3.83
Apr 3.93 33.44 17.97 31.84 51.56 0.2 3.58
N. Afr & Mideast 7/ Mar 6.49 31.43 37.26 59.71 67.98 0.94 6.28
Apr 6.49 31.47 36.07 58.6 66.75 0.83 6.46
Saudi Arabia Mar 1.4 0.19 8.71 8.75 9.11 0 1.2
Apr 1.41 0.14 8.41 8.42 8.75 0 1.21
Southeast Asia 8/ Mar 3.41 30.71 16.76 38.55 47.05 0.88 2.94
Apr 3.42 30.61 16.66 38.35 46.85 0.87 2.96
South Korea Mar 2.08 0.15 11.1 8.74 11.22 0 2.11
Apr 2.07 0.16 11.1 8.74 11.22 0 2.11
Selected Other
China Mar 209.77 285.5 32.15 228.35 319.55 0.05 207.82
Apr 209.77 285.5 32.25 228.43 319.63 0.05 207.85
marketing years. Coarse
grains include corn, sorghum,
barley, oats, rye, millet, and
mixed grains (for U.S.
excludes millet and mixed
grains). 2/ Total foreign and
world use adjusted to reflect
imports and exports. 3/ World
imports and exports may not
balance due to differences in
Australia, Brazil, Canada,
Russia, South Africa, and
Ukraine. 5/ European Union,
Japan, Mexico, selected
North Africa and Middle
East, Saudi Arabia, Southeast
Trade excludes intra-trade. 7/
Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Israel,
Jordan, Libya, Morocco,
Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. 8/
Philippines, Thailand, and
Vietnam.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 22
World Corn Supply

and Use 1/
(Million Metric
Tons)
World 3/ 307.42 1129.42 184.86 723.87 1144.01 182.7 292.83

World Less China 106.89 868.75 155.35 520.87 859.01 182.7 87.12
United States 48.76 358.45 0.62 142.43 306.69 69.78 31.36
Total Foreign 258.66 770.98 184.24 581.45 837.33 112.93 261.47
Major Exporters 4/ 13.37 200.12 2.92 91.02 113.82 93.55 9.04
Argentina 3.62 52 0.01 9.5 13.5 40.94 1.18
Brazil 5.33 87 2.85 59.5 70 21.02 4.15
Russia 0.83 13.87 0.04 8.9 10 3.99 0.75
South Africa 2.12 16.95 0.01 7.22 13.22 3.73 2.12
Ukraine 1.48 30.3 0.02 5.9 7.1 23.86 0.83
Major Importers 5/ 20.79 132.43 92.89 164.27 219.53 4.79 21.78
Egypt 1.73 6.4 9.63 13.9 16.4 0.01 1.36
European Union 6/ 7.38 67.44 14.49 57.2 77.7 3.74 7.88
Japan 1.39 0.01 15.48 12 15.45 0 1.42

Mexico 3.52 27.35 16.5 25.6 43.8 0.48 3.08
Southeast Asia 7/ 3.79 31.07 20.69 41.65 49.7 0.57 5.28
South Korea 2 0.09 11.71 9.42 11.78 0 2.02
Selected Other
Canada 2.56 13.56 1.58 8.59 13.98 1.56 2.17
China 200.53 260.67 29.51 203 285 0 205.7

Dom estic
Feed
Domestic
/Total 2 Exports
Ending
Stocks
World 3/ 292.83 1217 184.59 748.88 1202.92 205.67 306.91

World Less China 87.12 944.45 162.7 539.88 911.92 205.67 97.77
United States 31.36 382.89 0.62 145.31 317.12 62.78 34.98
Total Foreign 261.47 834.11 183.97 603.57 885.81 142.9 271.93
Major Exporters 4/ 9.04 238.99 2.67 96.3 119.4 116.86 14.44
Argentina 1.18 49.5 0.01 10.9 14.8 34.4 1.49
Brazil 4.15 116 2.6 59.5 70.5 48.28 3.97
Russia 0.75 15.23 0.05 10 11.1 4 0.93
South Africa 2.12 16.14 0 7.2 13.1 3.2 1.96
Ukraine 0.83 42.13 0.02 8.7 9.9 26.98 6.09
Major Importers 5/ 21.78 136.59 94.37 168.12 223.67 6.88 22.18
Egypt 1.36 7.44 9.76 14.5 17 0 1.56
European Union 6/ 7.88 71.37 19.78 62.3 83.1 6 9.93
Japan 1.42 0.01 15.01 11.7 15.05 0 1.39

Mexico 3.08 26.76 17.57 25.8 44 0.25 3.16
Southeast Asia 7/ 5.28 30.85 16.16 40.1 48.25 0.63 3.41
South Korea 2.02 0.09 11.52 9.22 11.57 0 2.06
Selected Other
Canada 2.17 14.61 6.14 12.17 17.98 2.19 2.75
China 205.7 272.55 21.88 209 291 0 209.14
marketing years. 2/
Total foreign and world
use adjusted to reflect
World imports and
marketing years, grain
in transit, and reporting
Brazil, Russia, South
Africa and Ukraine. 5/
Egypt, European Union,
Japan, Mexico,
Southeast Asia, and
South Korea. 6/ Trade
excludes intra-trade. 7/
and Vietnam.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 23
World Corn Supply

and Use 1/ (Cont'd.)

World 3/ Mar 305.69 1147.52 174.48 726.98 1156.75 174.71 296.46

Apr 306.91 1144.5 173.97 726.94 1156.06 173.79 295.35
Apr 97.77 867.3 155.97 510.94 859.06 173.77 88.03
Apr 34.98 348.75 1.02 133.99 303.67 46.99 34.08
Apr 271.93 795.75 172.95 592.95 852.39 126.8 261.27
Apr 14.44 221.53 1.36 92.4 116.2 108 13.13
Argentina Mar 1.49 40 0.01 8 12 28 1.49
Apr 1.49 37 0.01 8 12 25 1.49
Brazil Mar 3.75 125 1.3 61.5 73 50 7.05
Apr 3.97 125 1.3 61.5 73 50 7.27
Russia Mar 0.93 14 0.05 9.8 10.9 3.3 0.78
Apr 0.93 15.83 0.05 10.6 11.7 4.1 1.01
South Africa Mar 1.96 16.7 0 7.3 13.3 3.4 1.96
Apr 1.96 16.7 0 7.3 13.3 3.4 1.96
Ukraine Mar 5.09 27 0 5 6.2 23.5 2.39
Apr 6.09 27 0 5 6.2 25.5 1.39
Major Importers 5/ Mar 22.2 120.07 95.7 160.4 215 3.69 19.28
Apr 22.18 118.75 95.1 159.2 213.9 3.27 18.86
Egypt Mar 1.56 7.44 9 13.7 16.2 0.01 1.79
Apr 1.56 7.44 7.5 12.2 14.7 0 1.8
European Union 6/ Mar 9.94 54.2 23.5 58.5 78.1 2.2 7.34
Apr 9.93 52.97 24.5 58.5 78.1 2.2 7.1
Japan Mar 1.39 0.01 15 11.5 15 0 1.4
Apr 1.39 0.01 15 11.5 15 0 1.4
Mexico Mar 3.16 27.6 17.2 26 44.2 0.6 3.16
Apr 3.16 27.6 17.2 26.5 44.8 0.2 2.96
Southeast Asia 7/ Mar 3.4 30.66 15.7 37.7 45.95 0.88 2.93
Apr 3.41 30.56 15.6 37.5 45.75 0.87 2.95
South Korea Mar 2.06 0.08 11 8.7 11.05 0 2.09
Apr 2.06 0.09 11 8.7 11.05 0 2.1
Selected Other
Canada Mar 2.75 14.54 1 9 14.2 1.6 2.49
Apr 2.75 14.54 1.1 9 14.3 1.6 2.49
China Mar 209.14 277.2 18 216 297 0.02 207.32
Apr 209.14 277.2 18 216 297 0.02 207.32
marketing years. 2/ Total
foreign and world use
adjusted to reflect the
differences in world
World imports and
Brazil, Russia, South
Africa and Ukraine. 5/
Egypt, European Union,
Japan, Mexico, Southeast
Trade excludes intra-
trade. 7/ Indonesia,
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 24
World Rice Supply and Use (Milled Basis) 1/
Beginning Production Imports Total /2 Exports Ending

2020/21 Stocks Domestic Stocks
World 3/ 181.64 509.32 46.46 503.65 51.17 187.31
World Less China 65.14 361.02 42.25 353.36 48.94 70.81
United States 0.91 7.22 1.08 4.86 2.97 1.39
Total Foreign 180.73 502.1 45.38 498.79 48.2 185.92
Major Exporters 4/ 40.93 191.63 2.01 149.2 38.55 46.82
Burma 1.01 12.6 0 10.4 1.9 1.31
India 33.9 124.37 0 101.05 20.22 37
Pakistan 0.94 8.42 0.01 3.6 3.88 1.89
Thailand 3.9 18.86 0.2 12.7 6.28 3.98
Vietnam 1.18 27.38 1.8 21.45 6.27 2.64
Major Importers 5/ 127.84 240.06 17.08 255.44 2.71 126.82
China 116.5 148.3 4.22 150.29 2.22 116.5
European Union 6/ 0.92 1.83 1.78 3.4 0.45 0.68
Indonesia 3.31 34.5 0.65 35.4 0 3.06
Nigeria 1.49 5.15 2.2 7.15 0 1.69
Philippines 2.55 12.42 2.2 14.8 0 2.36
Sel. Mideast 7/ 1.22 2.31 3.28 5.85 0 0.95
Selected Other
Brazil 0.84 8 0.63 7.35 0.95 1.17
C. Amer & Carib 8/ 0.68 1.59 1.62 3.28 0.04 0.57
Egypt 1.23 4 0.23 4.3 0.01 1.16
Japan 1.98 7.57 0.65 8.15 0.11 1.94
Mexico 0.17 0.2 0.81 0.96 0.02 0.2
South Korea 1.14 3.51 0.43 4 0.05 1.02

Total /2
Domestic Exports
Endi ng
Stocks
World 3/ 187.31 513.85 54.45 519.16 56.77 182

World Less China 70.81 364.86 48.5 362.8 54.69 69
United States 1.39 6.08 1.2 4.8 2.61 1.26
Total Foreign 185.92 507.77 53.25 514.36 54.16 180.74
Major Exporters 4/ 46.82 197.79 1.63 158.9 43.94 43.41
Burma 1.31 12.35 0 10.4 2.37 0.9
India 37 129.47 0 110.45 22.03 34
Pakistan 1.89 9.32 0.01 3.75 4.82 2.65
Thailand 3.98 19.88 0.13 12.8 7.68 3.5
Vietnam 2.64 26.77 1.5 21.5 7.05 2.35
Major Importers 5/ 126.82 242 22.4 263.11 2.54 125.57
China 116.5 148.99 5.95 156.36 2.08 113
European Union 6/ 0.68 1.73 2.43 3.5 0.41 0.93
Indonesia 3.06 34.4 0.72 35.3 0 2.88
Nigeria 1.69 5.26 2.45 7.35 0 2.05
Philippines 2.36 12.54 3.6 15.4 0 3.1
Sel. Mideast 7/ 0.95 2.15 4.29 6.15 0 1.24
Selected Other
Brazil 1.17 7.34 0.93 7.15 1.39 0.9
C. Amer & Carib 8/ 0.57 1.62 1.68 3.26 0.04 0.58
Egypt 1.16 2.9 0.61 4.05 0.01 0.61
Japan 1.94 7.64 0.69 8.2 0.12 1.95
Mexico 0.2 0.18 0.81 0.97 0.01 0.21
South Korea 1.02 3.88 0.44 3.95 0.05 1.33
1/ Aggregate of local marketing years. 2/ Total foreign and world use adjusted to reflect the differences in world imports
and exports. Total domestic includes both domestic use and unreported disappearance. 3/ World imports and exports may
not balance due to differences in some countries. 4/ Burma, India, Pakistan, Thailand, and Vietnam. 5/ Bangladesh,
China, Nigeria, European Union, Philippines, Cote d’Ivoire, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. 6/ Trade excludes
intra-trade. 7/ Selected Middle East includes Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. 8/ Central American and Caribbean countries.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 25
World Rice Supply and Use (Milled Basis) 1/ (Cont'd.)
Beginning Production Imports Total /2 Exports Ending

2022/23 Proj. Stocks Domestic Stocks
World 3/ Mar 183.44 509.83 53.69 519.95 54.9 173.32

Apr 182 509.42 54.31 520.05 55.69 171.37
World Less China Mar 70.44 363.88 48.19 365 52.7 66.02
Apr 69 363.47 49.31 365.1 53.59 64.47
United States Mar 1.26 5.09 1.33 4.67 1.87 1.15
Apr 1.26 5.09 1.27 4.79 1.94 0.89
Total Foreign Mar 182.18 504.74 52.36 515.28 53.03 172.18
Apr 180.74 504.33 53.04 515.25 53.76 170.48
Major Exporters 4/ Mar 43.36 198.3 1.26 159.65 43.7 39.57
Apr 43.41 198.3 1.26 159.4 44.3 39.27
Burma Mar 0.9 12.5 0 10.3 2.4 0.71
Apr 0.9 12.5 0 10.3 2.4 0.71
India Mar 34 132 0 111 22.5 32.5
Apr 34 132 0 111 22.5 32.5
Pakistan Mar 2.65 6.6 0.01 3.8 3.8 1.66
Apr 2.65 6.6 0.01 3.8 3.8 1.66
Thailand Mar 3.5 20.2 0.15 13 8.2 2.65
Apr 3.5 20.2 0.15 12.8 8.5 2.55
Vietnam Mar 2.31 27 1.1 21.55 6.8 2.06
Apr 2.35 27 1.1 21.5 7.1 1.85
Major Importers 5/ Mar 127 238.46 21.6 263.17 2.64 121.26
Apr 125.57 238.21 22.6 263.65 2.54 120.2
China Mar 113 145.95 5.5 154.95 2.2 107.3
Apr 113 145.95 5 154.95 2.1 106.9
European Union 6/ Mar 0.92 1.27 2.65 3.55 0.4 0.89
Apr 0.93 1.34 2.65 3.55 0.4 0.97
Indonesia Mar 2.86 34.6 0.75 35.25 0 2.96
Apr 2.88 34 1.75 35.3 0 3.33
Nigeria Mar 2.05 5.04 2.3 7.45 0 1.94
Apr 2.05 5.04 2.3 7.45 0 1.94
Philippines Mar 4.5 12.41 3.6 15.75 0 4.76
Apr 3.1 12.41 3.6 15.8 0 3.31
Sel. Mideast 7/ Mar 1.29 2.24 4.15 6.33 0 1.36
Apr 1.24 2.02 4.4 6.4 0 1.26
Selected Other
Brazil Mar 0.86 6.94 0.9 7.05 1.1 0.54
Apr 0.9 6.8 0.9 6.9 1.1 0.6
C. Amer & Carib 8/ Mar 0.59 1.54 1.74 3.27 0.03 0.56
Apr 0.58 1.54 1.74 3.26 0.04 0.56
Egypt Mar 0.61 3.6 0.55 4.1 0.01 0.66
Egypt
Apr 0.61 3.6 0.45 4 0.01 0.66
Japan Mar 1.98 7.45 0.69 8.2 0.12 1.79
Apr 1.95 7.48 0.69 8.2 0.12 1.8
Mexico Mar 0.21 0.18 0.8 0.97 0.01 0.21
Apr 0.21 0.18 0.8 0.97 0.01 0.21
South Korea Mar 1.33 3.76 0.42 4 0.06 1.46
Apr 1.33 3.76 0.42 4 0.06 1.46
1/ Aggregate of local marketing years. 2/ Total foreign and world use adjusted to reflect the differences in world
imports and exports. Total domestic includes both domestic use and unreported disappearance. 3/ World imports
and exports may not balance due to differences in some countries. 4/ Burma, India, Pakistan, Thailand, and
Vietnam. 5/ Bangladesh, China, Nigeria, European Union, Philippines, Cote d’Ivoire, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, and
Saudi Arabia. 6/ Trade excludes intra-trade. 7/ Selected Middle East includes Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. 8/
Central American and Caribbean countries.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 26
World Cotton Supply and Use 1/
(Million 480-Pound Bales)
Beginning Production Imports Domestic Exports Loss Ending

2020/21 Stocks Use /2 Stocks
World 98.21 111.5 48.68 123.31 48.83 -0.06 86.3

World Less China 61.87 81.9 35.82 82.31 48.82 -0.06 48.51
United States 7.25 14.61 3/ 2.4 16.35 -0.04 3.15
Total Foreign 90.96 96.89 48.68 120.91 32.48 -0.02 83.15
Major Exporters 4/ 40.16 53.81 1.6 35.05 27.92 -0.08 32.68
Central Asia 5/ 3.74 5.48 0.03 4.27 2.03 0 2.94
Afr. Fr. Zone 6/ 2.5 4.84 3/ 0.1 5.49 0 1.74
S. Hemis. 7/ 17.63 15.55 0.13 4.03 13.66 -0.09 15.71
Australia 1.2 2.8 3/ 0.01 1.58 -0.1 2.51
Brazil 14.4 10.82 0.01 3.1 11.01 0 11.12
India 15.68 27.6 0.84 26 6.19 0 11.94
Major Importers 8/ 48.28 39.87 44.66 81.78 3.1 0.06 47.87
Mexico 0.71 1.02 0.93 1.7 0.49 0.02 0.45
China 36.34 29.6 12.86 41 0.01 0 37.79
European Union 9/ 0.66 1.7 0.56 0.59 1.96 0 0.37
Turkey 2.77 2.9 5.33 7.7 0.59 0 2.71
Pakistan 3.12 4.5 5.4 10.8 0.03 0.03 2.17
Indonesia 0.64 3/ 2.31 2.45 0.01 0 0.5
Thailand 0.1 3/ 0.6 0.61 0 0.01 0.08
Bangladesh 2.52 0.15 8.3 8.5 0 0.01 2.45
Vietnam 1.1 3/ 7.29 7.3 0 0 1.09

Domestic
Use Exports
Loss
/2
Ending
Stocks
World 86.3 116.01 42.69 116.29 42.86 -0.37 86.23

World Less China 48.51 89.21 34.85 82.54 42.74 -0.37 47.66
United States 3.15 17.52 0.01 2.55 14.62 -0.24 3.75
Total Foreign 83.15 98.49 42.69 113.74 28.24 -0.12 82.48
Major Exporters 4/ 32.68 55.59 1.6 34.24 24.03 -0.18 31.78
Central Asia 5/ 2.94 5.15 0.05 4.32 1.46 0 2.37
Afr. Fr. Zone 6/ 1.74 5.98 3/ 0.1 6.01 -0.01 1.61
S. Hemis. 7/ 15.71 19.65 0.19 4.35 12.45 -0.18 18.94
Australia 2.51 5.85 3/ 0.01 3.58 -0.19 4.96
Brazil 11.12 11.72 0.02 3.3 7.73 0 11.84
India 11.94 24.4 1 25 3.74 0 8.6
Major Importers 8/ 47.87 39.65 38.69 75.23 2.93 0.06 48
Mexico 0.45 1.22 0.96 1.85 0.4 0.01 0.37
China 37.79 26.8 7.84 33.75 0.12 0 38.56
European Union 9/ 0.37 1.67 0.64 0.62 1.77 0 0.3
Turkey 2.71 3.8 5.52 8.7 0.57 0 2.77
Pakistan 2.17 6 4.5 10.7 0.05 0.03 1.89
Indonesia 0.5 3/ 2.58 2.6 0.01 0 0.46
Thailand 0.08 3/ 0.75 0.73 0 0.01 0.1
Bangladesh 2.45 0.15 8.2 8.5 0 0.01 2.29
Vietnam 1.09 3/ 6.63 6.7 0 0 1.02
1/ Marketing year beginning August 1. Totals may not add exactly and trade may not balance due to rounding
and other factors. 2/ Generally reflects cotton lost or destroyed in the marketing channel; for Australia,
Brazil, China, and the United States, reflects the difference between implicit stocks based on supply less total use
and indicated ending stocks. 3/ Less than 5,000 bales. 4/ Includes Egypt and Syria in addition to the countries
and regions listed. 5/ Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. 6/ Benin,
Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Togo. 7/
Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Lesotho, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. 8/ In addition to the
countries and regions listed, includes Japan, Russia, South Korea, and Taiwan. 9/ Includes intra-EU trade.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 27
World Cotton Supply and Use 1/
(Million 480-Pound Bales)
Beginning Production Imports Domestic Exports Loss Ending

2022/23 Proj. Stocks Use /2 Stocks
World Mar 86.11 115.09 39.58 110.11 39.6 -0.07 91.15

Apr 86.23 115.92 38.83 110.17 38.86 -0.07 92.01
World Less China Mar 47.55 85.59 32.08 74.11 39.47 -0.07 51.71
Apr 47.66 85.42 31.58 73.67 38.74 -0.07 52.32
United States Mar 3.75 14.68 0.01 2.1 12 0.04 4.3
Apr 3.75 14.68 0.01 2.1 12.2 0.04 4.1
filler filler filler filler filler filler filler
Total Foreign Mar 82.36 100.41 39.57 108.01 27.6 -0.11 86.85
Apr 82.48 101.24 38.83 108.07 26.66 -0.11 87.91
Major Exporters 4/ Mar 31.68 55.7 2.31 31.23 23.46 -0.17 35.16
Apr 31.78 55.36 2.28 31.16 22.54 -0.17 35.89
Central Asia 5/ Mar 2.37 5.2 0.05 3.92 1.42 0 2.28
Apr 2.37 5.2 0.05 3.92 1.42 0 2.28
Afr. Fr. Zone 6/ Mar 1.61 4.79 3/ 0.1 4.7 0 1.6
Apr 1.61 4.79 3/ 0.1 4.6 0 1.7
S. Hemis. 7/ Mar 18.84 20.67 0.16 4.15 14.75 -0.18 20.95
Apr 18.94 20.32 0.16 4.15 14.33 -0.18 21.12
Australia Mar 4.86 5.5 3/ 0.01 6.1 -0.19 4.44
Apr 4.96 5.5 3/ 0.01 6.3 -0.19 4.34
filler filler filler filler filler filler filler
Brazil Mar 11.84 13.3 0.02 3.2 7.7 0 14.25

Apr 11.84 13 0.02 3.2 7.15 0 14.5
India Mar 8.6 24.5 1.7 22.5 2.2 0 10.1
Apr 8.6 24.5 1.75 22.5 1.8 0 10.55
Major Importers 8/ Mar 48 41.43 34.94 72.7 2.86 0.07 48.75
Apr 48 42.5 34.16 72.76 2.85 0.07 48.98
Mexico Mar 0.37 1.4 0.9 1.8 0.5 0.01 0.36
Apr 0.37 1.4 0.9 1.8 0.5 0.01 0.36
China Mar 38.56 29.5 7.5 36 0.13 0 39.44
Apr 38.56 30.5 7.25 36.5 0.13 0 39.69
European Union 9/ Mar 0.3 1.57 0.56 0.58 1.5 0 0.34
Apr 0.3 1.64 0.56 0.59 1.49 0 0.42
Turkey Mar 2.77 4.9 4.2 7.7 0.7 0.01 3.46
Apr 2.77 4.9 4 7.5 0.7 0.01 3.46
Pakistan Mar 1.89 3.9 4.3 8.6 0.03 0.03 1.44
Apr 1.89 3.9 4.3 8.6 0.03 0.03 1.44
Indonesia Mar 0.46 3/ 1.8 1.9 0.01 0 0.36
Apr 0.46 3/ 1.75 1.85 0.01 0 0.36
Thailand Mar 0.1 3/ 0.7 0.7 0 0.01 0.09
Apr 0.1 3/ 0.73 0.73 0 0.01 0.09
Bangladesh Mar 2.29 0.16 7.7 8.1 0 0.01 2.04
Apr 2.29 0.15 7.4 7.9 0 0.01 1.94
Vietnam Mar 1.02 3/ 6.3 6.3 0 0 1.03
Apr 1.02 3/ 6.3 6.3 0 0 1.03
1/ Marketing year beginning August 1. Totals may not add exactly and trade may not balance due to
rounding and other factors. 2/ Generally reflects cotton lost or destroyed in the marketing channel; for
Australia, Brazil, China, and the United States, reflects the difference between implicit stocks based on
supply less total use and indicated ending stocks. 3/ Less than 5,000 bales. 4/ Includes Egypt and Syria in
addition to the countries and regions listed. 5/ Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. 6/ Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Cote
d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Togo. 7/ Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Lesotho, South Africa, Tanzania,
Zambia, and Zimbabwe. 8/ In addition to the countries and regions listed, includes Japan, Russia, South
Korea, and Taiwan. 9/ Includes intra-EU trade.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 -
28
World Soybean
Supply and Use
1/
(Million Metric
Tons)
Beginning Production Imports Domestic Domestic Exports Ending
2020/21 Stocks Crush Total Stocks
World 2/ 95.1 368.6 165.49 315.82 363.97 164.86 100.35
World Less China 70.49 349 65.75 222.82 251.23 164.79 69.21
United States 14.28 114.75 0.54 58.26 60.91 61.67 6.99
Total Foreign 80.82 253.85 164.95 257.57 303.06 103.2 93.36
Major Exporters 3/ 47.84 197.34 5.92 90.08 100.76 94.95 55.39
Argentina 26.65 46.2 4.82 40.16 47.41 5.2 25.06
Brazil 20.42 139.5 1.02 46.5 49.71 81.65 29.58
Paraguay 0.57 9.64 0.02 3.33 3.43 6.33 0.48
Major Importers 4/ 27.94 23.25 133.35 122.04 149.75 0.27 34.53
China 24.61 19.6 99.74 93 112.74 0.07 31.15
European Union 1.72 2.6 14.79 15.8 17.36 0.19 1.56
Southeast Asia 1 0.59 9.64 4.74 10.02 0.01 1.19
Mexico 0.37 0.25 6.1 6.2 6.25 0 0.46

Domestic
Crush
Domestic
Total Exports
Ending
Stocks
World 2/ 100.35 359.8 156.59 313.81 363 154.02 99.73

World Less China 69.21 343.4 65.02 226.31 255.4 153.91 68.32
United States 6.99 121.53 0.43 59.98 62.77 58.72 7.47
Total Foreign 93.36 238.27 156.16 253.83 300.23 95.29 92.26
Major Exporters 3/ 55.39 181.82 4.43 91.83 102.47 87.26 51.91
Argentina 25.06 43.9 3.84 38.83 46.04 2.86 23.9
Brazil 29.58 130.5 0.54 50.71 53.96 79.06 27.6
Paraguay 0.48 4.18 0.04 2.2 2.25 2.27 0.18
Major Importers 4/ 34.53 20.22 123.79 116.34 143.86 0.42 34.26
China 31.15 16.4 91.57 87.5 107.6 0.1 31.4
European Union 1.56 2.77 14.55 15.4 16.97 0.29 1.62
Southeast Asia 1.19 0.53 8.26 4.45 9.27 0.02 0.69
Mexico 0.46 0.29 5.96 6.35 6.4 0 0.3
2022/23 Proj.
Beginning Production Imports Domestic Domestic Exports Ending
Stocks Crush Total Stocks
World 2/ Mar 99 375.15 165.39 320.04 371.13 168.4 100.01

Apr 99.73 369.64 164.76 315.2 365.83 168 100.29
Apr 68.32 349.36 68.76 224.2 253.53 167.9 65.01
Apr 7.47 116.38 0.41 60.42 63.69 54.84 5.72
Apr 92.26 253.26 164.35 254.78 302.14 113.16 94.57
Apr 51.91 192.2 9.07 88.79 98.4 103.6 51.18
Argentina Mar 23.9 33 7.25 35.25 40.95 3.4 19.8
Apr 23.9 27 8.3 32 37.7 3.4 18.1
Brazil Mar 26.89 153 0.75 52.75 56.4 92.7 31.54
Apr 27.6 154 0.75 53.25 56.9 92.7 32.75
Paraguay Mar 0.18 10 0.01 3.45 3.58 6.4 0.21
Apr 0.18 10 0.01 3.45 3.58 6.4 0.21
Apr 34.26 23.63 129.56 119.64 148.84 0.37 38.23
China Mar 31.4 20.28 96 92 113.3 0.1 34.28
Apr 31.4 20.28 96 91 112.3 0.1 35.28
European Union Mar 1.55 2.47 13.9 14.65 16.23 0.25 1.44
Apr 1.62 2.44 13.9 14.65 16.23 0.25 1.48
Southeast Asia Mar 0.69 0.5 9.88 4.85 10.2 0.02 0.86
Apr 0.69 0.5 9.76 4.89 10.1 0.02 0.84
Mexico Mar 0.3 0.19 6.4 6.5 6.55 0 0.34
Apr 0.3 0.18 6.4 6.5 6.55 0 0.33
1/ Data based on local

marketing years except
Argentina and Brazil
which are adjusted to
an October-September
year. 2/ World imports
and exports may not
balance due to
differences in local
marketing years and to
time lags between
reported exports and
imports. Therefore,
world supply may not
equal world use. 3/
Argentina, Brazil,
Paraguay, and Uruguay.
4/ China, European
Union, Japan, Mexico,
and Southeast Asia
(includes Indonesia,
Vietnam, and
Thailand). Totals may
not add due to
rounding.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 -
29
World Soybean
Meal Supply and
Use 1/
(Million Metric
Tons)
Beginning Production Imports Domestic Exports Ending
2020/21 Stocks Total Stocks
World 2/ 16.17 248.17 65.16 244.32 69.45 15.73
World Less China 16.17 174.52 65.08 171.65 68.4 15.73
United States 0.31 45.87 0.71 34.18 12.41 0.31
Total Foreign 15.86 202.3 64.45 210.15 57.05 15.42
Major Exporters 3/ 6.54 75.37 0.26 28.33 47.3 6.54
Argentina 2.57 31.32 0 3.28 28.33 2.29
Brazil 3.77 36.05 0.02 19.2 16.58 4.06
India 0.2 8 0.24 5.85 2.4 0.19
Major Importers 4/ 3.28 22.86 37.54 59.54 1.23 2.91
European Union 0.79 12.48 16.5 28.39 0.85 0.54
Mexico 0.18 4.9 1.85 6.73 0.01 0.2
Southeast Asia 5/ 2.26 3.69 17.35 20.81 0.37 2.12
China 0 73.66 0.07 72.68 1.05 0

Domestic
Total Exports
Ending
Stocks
World 2/ 15.73 246.19 66.92 243.79 68.75 16.3

World Less China 15.73 176.89 66.87 174.92 68.26 16.3
United States 0.31 47.01 0.59 35.35 12.27 0.28
Total Foreign 15.42 199.19 66.33 208.44 56.48 16.02
Major Exporters 3/ 6.54 76.39 0.79 29.16 47.74 6.83
Argentina 2.29 30.29 0.14 3.33 26.59 2.8
Brazil 4.06 39.31 0.01 19.55 20.21 3.62
India 0.19 6.8 0.65 6.29 0.94 0.41
Major Importers 4/ 2.91 22.6 38.56 60.03 1.12 2.92
European Union 0.54 12.17 16.7 28.04 0.77 0.6
Mexico 0.2 5.02 1.83 6.88 0.02 0.15
Southeast Asia 5/ 2.12 3.47 18.33 21.48 0.33 2.11
China 0 69.3 0.06 68.87 0.48 0
2022/23 Proj.
Stocks Total Stocks
World 2/ Mar 14.26 251.47 64.3 248.88 68.18 12.96

Apr 16.3 247.61 62.77 247.2 65.88 13.6
World Less China Mar 14.26 178.61 64.25 176.36 67.78 12.96
Apr 16.3 175.53 62.72 175.27 65.68 13.6
Apr 0.28 47.62 0.59 35.74 12.43 0.32
Apr 16.02 199.99 62.18 211.45 53.45 13.29
Apr 6.83 73.98 0.12 29.9 45 6.03
Argentina Mar 2.8 27.5 0 3.33 24.9 2.07
Apr 2.8 24.96 0 3.33 22.4 2.03
Brazil Mar 3.4 40.88 0.02 19.85 21.1 3.34
Apr 3.62 41.26 0.02 19.85 21.4 3.65
India Mar 0.41 7.76 0.1 6.73 1.2 0.34
Apr 0.41 7.76 0.1 6.73 1.2 0.34
Major Importers 4/ Mar 1.77 22.38 38.1 59.47 1.09 1.68
Apr 2.92 22.47 37.3 59.39 1.01 2.29
European Union Mar 0.74 11.57 16.4 27.39 0.78 0.55
Apr 0.6 11.58 16 27.04 0.7 0.43
Mexico Mar 0.15 5.14 1.85 6.95 0.01 0.18
Apr 0.15 5.14 1.85 6.95 0.01 0.18
Southeast Asia 5/ Mar 0.77 3.79 18 21.44 0.31 0.81
Apr 2.11 3.8 17.75 21.74 0.3 1.63
China Mar 0 72.86 0.05 72.51 0.4 0
Apr 0 72.07 0.05 71.92 0.2 0
1/ Data based on local

marketing years except
for Argentina and
Brazil which are
adjusted to an October-
September year. 2/
World imports and
exports may not
balance due to
differences in local
marketing years and to
time lags between
reported exports and
imports. Therefore,
world supply may not
equal world use. 3/
Argentina, Brazil, and
India. 4/ Includes
Japan. 5/ Indonesia,
Vietnam, and Thailand.
Totals may not add due
to rounding.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 30
World Soybean Oil Supply and Use 1/

2020/21 Stocks Total Stocks
World 2/ 5.38 59.27 11.78 58.45 12.62 5.36
World Less China 4.6 42.61 10.55 40.85 12.58 4.33
United States 0.84 11.35 0.14 10.58 0.79 0.97
Total Foreign 4.54 47.92 11.64 47.88 11.83 4.39
Major Exporters 3/ 1.51 20.51 0.74 12.49 9.03 1.25
Argentina 0.55 7.93 0 2.04 6.14 0.3
Brazil 0.48 8.95 0.25 7.95 1.26 0.47
European Union 0.44 3 0.49 2.43 1.07 0.44
Major Importers 4/ 1.52 19.93 6.79 26.35 0.21 1.68
China 0.78 16.67 1.23 17.6 0.04 1.03
India 0.18 1.8 3.25 4.95 0.01 0.27
North Africa 5/ 0.45 1 1.63 2.59 0.13 0.36
2021/22 Est. Beginni ng

St ocks Production Imports
Domestic
Total Exports
Ending
Stocks
World 2/ 5.36 59.14 11.51 59.24 12.24 4.54

World Less China 4.33 43.46 11.22 42.59 12.13 4.3
United States 0.97 11.86 0.14 11.26 0.8 0.9
Total Foreign 4.39 47.28 11.37 47.98 11.44 3.63
Major Exporters 3/ 1.25 20.77 0.59 12.59 8.62 1.39
Argentina 0.3 7.66 0.09 2.66 4.87 0.52
Brazil 0.47 9.76 0.03 7.45 2.41 0.41
European Union 0.44 2.93 0.46 2.41 0.97 0.45
Major Importers 4/ 1.68 18.83 6.6 26.1 0.28 0.74
China 1.03 15.68 0.29 16.65 0.11 0.24
India 0.27 1.53 4.23 5.83 0.02 0.19
North Africa 5/ 0.36 1.19 1.39 2.52 0.14 0.29
2022/23 Proj.
Beginni ng Production Imports Domestic Exports Ending
St ocks Total Stocks
World 2/ Mar 4.43 60.21 10.94 59.35 11.82 4.4

Apr 4.54 59.27 10.29 58.7 11.2 4.2
World Less China Mar 4.19 43.72 9.94 42.25 11.73 3.87
Apr 4.3 42.97 9.49 42 11.11 3.65
Apr 0.9 11.88 0.14 11.82 0.23 0.88
Apr 3.63 47.39 10.15 46.88 10.97 3.33
Apr 1.39 20.02 0.53 12.61 8.16 1.17
Argentina Mar 0.52 6.97 0 2.34 4.75 0.4
Apr 0.52 6.32 0 2.34 4.1 0.41
Brazil Mar 0.35 10.16 0.08 7.9 2.35 0.34
Brazil
Apr 0.41 10.26 0.08 7.93 2.4 0.41
European Union Mar 0.46 2.78 0.45 2.28 1.08 0.33
Apr 0.45 2.79 0.45 2.28 1.08 0.33
Major Importers 4/ Mar 0.72 19.95 6.3 25.76 0.21 1
Apr 0.74 19.57 5.91 25.17 0.2 0.84
China Mar 0.24 16.49 1 17.1 0.09 0.54
Apr 0.24 16.31 0.8 16.7 0.09 0.56
India Mar 0.18 1.75 3.15 4.94 0.02 0.13
Apr 0.19 1.75 3.15 4.94 0.02 0.13
North Africa 5/ Mar 0.26 1.19 1.55 2.62 0.11 0.28
Apr 0.29 1.11 1.36 2.53 0.09 0.13
1/ Data based on local marketing years except for Argentina and Brazil which are adjusted to an October-
September year. 2/ World imports and exports may not balance due to differences in local marketing years and
to time lags between reported exports and imports. Therefore, world supply may not equal world use. 3/
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and European Union. 4/ China, India, Bangladesh, and North Africa. 5/ Algeria,
Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Totals may not add due to rounding.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 31
U.S. Quarterly Animal Product Production 1/
Year and Beef Pork Red Meat Broiler Turkey Total Red Meat Egg Milk
Quarter 2/ Poultry 3/ & Poultry
Million Pounds Mil doz Bil lbs
2021 Annual 27948 27675 55815 44899 5558 50995 106810 9298 226.3
2022 I 7022 6904 13972 11170 1374 12678 26650 2319 56.3
II 7069 6639 13755 11279 1275 12697 26452 2218 57.8
III 7147 6533 13725 11896 1264 13312 27037 2259 56.4
IV 7053 6919 14018 11861 1310 13310 27328 2277 55.9
Annual
Mar Est. 28290 26994 55469 46206 5222 51997 107467 9074 226.5
Apr Est. 28290 26994 55469 46206 5222 51997 107467 9074 226.5
2023 I 6820 7065 13929 11500 1360 13000 26929 2220 56.9
II* 6675 6640 13361 11600 1380 13120 26481 2280 58.4
III* 6795 6590 13431 12000 1420 13565 26996 2355 56.9
IV* 6485 7065 13597 11800 1425 13355 26952 2430 56.5
Annual
Mar Proj. 26665 27410 54259 46750 5585 52885 107144 9330 228.5
Apr Proj. 26775 27360 54317 46900 5585 53040 107357 9285 228.7
* Projection. 1/ Commercial production for red meats; federally inspected for poultry meats. 2/ Beef, pork, veal and lamb & mutton. 3/
Broilers, turkeys and mature chicken.
U.S. Quarterly Prices for Animal Products
Steers Barrows Broilers Turkeys Eggs Milk

Year and 2/ and gilts 4/ 5/ 6/ 7/
Quarter 3/
Dol./cwt Dol./cwt Cents/lb. Cents/lb. Cents/doz. Dol./cwt
2021 Annual 122.4 67.29 101.2 122.8 118.5 18.53
2022 I 139.25 65.55 135.1 131.4 170.8 24.93

II 141.93 75.58 167.5 143.9 251.6 27.1
III 143.42 80.2 136.1 165.4 295.6 24.8
IV 152.99 63.49 123.5 177.5 411.7 25.4
Annual
Mar Est. 144.4 71.21 140.5 154.5 282.4 25.56
Apr Est. 144.4 71.21 140.5 154.5 282.4 25.56
2023 I 160.9 54.83 124.5 170.8 315.9 21.9

II* 169 60 137 170 200 19.95
III* 162 67 130 170 165 19.85
IV* 167 62 130 175 175 20.8
Annual
Mar Proj. 162 66 127 162 212 20.45
Apr Proj. 164.5 61 130.5 171.5 214 20.65
*Projection. 1/ Simple average of months. 2/ 5-Area, Direct, Total all grades 3/ National Base, Live equiv 51-52% lean. 4/ Wholesale,
National Composite Weighted Average. 5/ 8-16 lbs, hens National. 6/ Grade A large, New York, volume buyers. 7/ Prices received by
farmers for all milk.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 32
U.S. Meats Supply and Use
Productio
Item Beginning n Total Ending Total Per Capita
stocks 1/ Imports Supply Exports Stocks Use 2/ 3/
Million Pounds /
4
Beef 2021 716 28016 3346 32078 3441 676 27962 58.9
2022 Est. Mar 676 28358 3391 32425 3536 723 28165 59.1
Apr 676 28358 3391 32425 3536 723 28165 59.1
2023 Proj. Mar 723 26733 3425 30881 3090 640 27151 56.7
Apr 723 26843 3500 31066 3135 640 27291 57
Filler Filler Filler Filler Filler Filler Filler Filler
Pork 2021 467 27690 1180 29337 7026 446 21865 51.1
2022 Est. Mar 446 27009 1344 28799 6338 504 21957 51.1
Apr 446 27009 1344 28799 6338 504 21957 51.1
2023 Proj. Mar 504 27425 1005 28934 6350 535 22049 51
Apr 504 27375 1065 28944 6380 530 22034 51
Total Red 2021 1217 55906 4890 62014 10470 1147 50397 111.5
Meat 5/
2022 Est. Mar 1147 55561 5093 61801 9880 1256 50666 111.6
Apr 1147 55561 5093 61801 9880 1256 50666 111.6
2023 Proj. Mar 1256 54350 4797 60403 9446 1201 49757 109.2
Apr 1256 54409 4910 60575 9521 1199 49855 109.3
Broiler 2021 830 44419 155 45403 7355 705 37343 96.5
2022 Est. Mar 705 45711 176 46593 7278 892 38423 98.9
Apr 705 45711 176 46593 7278 892 38423 98.9
2023 Proj. Mar 892 46250 160 47302 7315 860 39127 100.2
Apr 892 46398 60 47351 7360 880 39111 100.2
Turkey 2021 223 5558 22 5804 548 166 5090 15.3

2022 Est. Mar 166 5222 85 5473 408 190 4876 14.6
Apr 166 5222 85 5473 408 190 4876 14.6
2023 Proj. Mar 190 5585 120 5895 360 200 5335 15.9
Apr 190 5585 39 5814 370 200 5244 15.6
Total 2021 1057 50514 180 51751 7947 874 42930 113.3
Poultry 6/
2022 Est. Mar 874 51502 268 52645 7715 1087 43843 115.2
Apr 874 51502 268 52645 7715 1087 43843 115.2
2023 Proj. Mar 1087 52384 286 53758 7691 1065 45002 117.8
Apr 1087 52538 105 53729 7746 1085 44898 117.4
Red Meat & Poultry 2021 2274 106420 5070 113765 18418 2021 93327 224.8
Red Meat & Poultry
2022 Est. Mar 2021 107064 5362 114446 17595 2343 94509 226.8
Apr 2021 107064 5362 114446 17595 2343 94509 226.8
2023 Proj. Mar 2343 106735 5083 114161 17137 2266 94758 226.9
Apr 2343 106946 5015 114304 17267 2284 94753 226.8
1/ Total including farm production for red meats and, for poultry, federally inspected plus non-federally inspected, less
condemnations. 2/ Pounds, retail-weight basis for red meat and broilers; certified ready-to-cook weight for turkey. 3/
Population source: Dept. of Commerce. 4/ Carcass weight for red meats and certified ready-to-cook weight for poultry. 5/
Beef, pork, veal, lamb and mutton. 6/ Broilers, turkeys and mature chicken.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 33
U.S. Egg Supply and Use
2020 2021 2022 Est. 2022 Est. 2023 Proj. 2023 Proj.
Commodity
Mar Apr Mar Apr
Eggs Million Dozen
Supply
Beginning Stocks 31.6 24.5 19.1 19.1 18.8 18.8
Production 9295.5 9297.9 9073.8 9073.8 9330 9285
Imports 15.5 18.2 25.9 25.9 26 22.5
Total Supply 9342.6 9340.6 9118.8 9118.8 9374.8 9326.3
Use
Exports 344 392.2 226.5 226.5 240 196
Hatching Use 1078.4 1103.9 1117.9 1117.9 1125 1126
Ending Stocks 24.5 19.1 18.8 18.8 21 21
Disappearance
Total 7895.6 7825.4 7755.7 7755.7 7988.8 7983.3
Per Capita (number) 285.6 282.5 279 279 285.9 285.7
Total
U.S. Milk Supply and Use
2020 2021 2022 Est. 2022 Est. 2023 Proj. 2023 Proj.
Commodity
Mar Apr Mar Apr
Milk Billion Pounds
Production 223.3 226.3 226.5 226.5 228.5 228.7
Farm Use 1.1 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Fat Basis Supply

Marketings 222.2 225.3 225.4 225.4 227.5 227.6
Imports 6.8 6.5 7.1 7.1 7.4 7.7
Total Supply 242.6 247.4 246.8 246.8 249.2 249.7
Fat Basis Use
Exports 9.3 11.5 13.4 13.4 13 12.2
Ending Stocks 15.6 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.6 14.6
Domestic Use 217.8 221.5 219 219 221.6 222.8
Skim-solid Basis Supply

Marketings 222.2 225.3 225.4 225.4 227.5 227.6
Imports 5.6 5.8 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.9
Total Supply 238 241.9 243.2 243.2 245.6 246.2
Skim-solid Basis Use
Exports 47.2 50.8 52.5 52.5 51.9 50.7
Ending Stocks 10.9 11.1 11.7 11.7 12.2 12.2
Domestic Use 179.9 180.1 179 179 181.5 183.3
Total
Dairy domestic use for 2020 includes additional milk marketed but not processed. Note: Totals
may not add due to rounding.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 34
U.S. Dairy Prices
2020 2021 2022 Est. 2022 Est. 2023 Proj. 2023 Proj.
Commodity
Mar Apr Mar Apr
Product Prices 1/ Dollars Per Pound
Cheese 1.924 1.676 2.1122 2.1122 1.81 1.855
Butter 1.581 1.733 2.8665 2.8665 2.335 2.42
Nonfat Dry Milk 1.042 1.269 1.6851 1.6851 1.23 1.165
Dry Whey 0.362 0.574 0.6035 0.6035 0.39 0.425
Dollars Per Cwt
Filler
Milk Prices 2/
Class III 18.16 17.08 21.94 21.94 17.55 18.25
Class IV 13.49 16.09 24.47 24.47 18.3 18.1
All Milk 3/ 18.13 18.53 25.56 25.56 20.45 20.65
All prices are January-December averages. 1/ Simple average of monthly prices

calculated by AMS from weekly average dairy product prices for class price
computations. 2/ Annual Class III and Class IV prices are the simple averages of
monthly minimum Federal order milk prices paid by regulated plants for milk used in
the respective classes. All milk price is the simple average of monthly prices received
by farmers for milk at average test. 3/ Does not reflect any deductions from producers
as authorized by legislation.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 35
Reliability of April Projections 1/
Note: Tables on pages 35-37 present a record of the April projection and the final Estimate. Using
world wheat production as an example, the "root mean square error" means that chances are 2 out of
3 that the current forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 0.5 percent.
Chances are 9 out of 10 (90% confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 0.8 percent. The
average difference between the April projection and the final estimate is 2 million tons, ranging from
0.1 million to 6.8 million tons. The April projection has been below the estimate 27 times and above
14 times.
Differences between forecast and final estimate

90 percent Years
Commodity and Root mean confidence Below Above
Region square error interval Average Smallest Largest Final Final
WHEAT Percent Million Metric Tons
Production
World 0.5 0.8 2 0.1 6.8 27 14
U.S. 0.2 0.3 0.1 0 0.3 19 11
Foreign 0.5 0.9 2 0.2 6.8 27 14
Exports
World 3.9 6.5 4.2 0.4 14.3 32 9
U.S. 2.5 4.2 0.6 0 2.1 18 22
Foreign 5 8.3 4.2 0.1 13.3 32 9
Domestic Use
World 0.7 1.2 3.4 0.1 9.4 19 22
U.S. 3.1 5.2 0.7 0 2.2 15 26
Foreign 0.7 1.2 3.2 0 9.6 19 21
Ending Stocks
World 3.1 5.3 4.1 0 14.5 28 12
U.S. 8 13.5 0.9 0 4.1 26 15
Foreign 3.4 5.8 3.6 0 12.6 29 11
COARSE GRAINS 2/
Production
World 1.1 1.8 9.1 0.3 42.1 33 8
U.S. 0.2 0.3 0.2 0 1.8 17 10
Foreign 1.5 2.5 9.2 0.3 42.1 33 8
Exports
World 4.6 7.7 4.8 0.1 21.8 29 12
U.S. 6.5 11 2.7 0 7.2 23 18
Foreign 7.3 12.3 4.7 0.3 21.2 31 10
Domestic Use
World 0.9 1.5 6.5 0 20.3 18 23
U.S. 2.3 3.8 3.1 0.1 16.8 15 26
Foreign 1 1.7 6.3 0.2 22.7 24 17
Ending Stocks
World 9.5 16 12.3 0.2 144.9 35 6
U.S. 11 18.4 3.6 0 12.1 19 22
Foreign 12 20.2 10.7 0.5 144.9 35 6
RICE, milled
Production
World 1.3 2.1 3.3 0 13.3 33 8
U.S. 1.3 2.2 0 0 0.2 11 5
Foreign 1.3 2.1 3.3 0 13.3 33 8
Exports
World 7.9 13.2 1.6 0.1 4.5 32 9
U.S. 6.3 10.5 0.1 0 0.5 18 20
Foreign 8.7 14.6 1.5 0 4.4 32 9
Domestic Use
World 1.1 1.8 3.1 0.1 13.7 29 12
U.S. 7 11.7 0.2 0 0.5 16 24
Foreign 1.1 1.8 3.1 0.2 13.4 29 12
Ending Stocks
World 8 13.5 4.4 0.1 26.1 28 13
U.S. 18.4 31 0.2 0 0.4 24 17
Foreign 8.3 14 4.5 0.1 26.1 27 14
1/ Footnotes at end of table. CONTINUED
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 36
Reliability of April Projections (Continued) 1/

90 percent Years
Commodity
Root mean confidence Below Above
and
square error interval Average Smallest Largest Final Final
Region
SOYBEANS Percent Million Metric Tons
Production
World 1.6 2.7 2.6 0.2 7.9 24 17
U.S. 1.4 2.3 0.7 0 3.2 18 16
Foreign 2.7 4.5 2.3 0 8.1 26 15
Exports
World 5 8.4 2.8 0.1 13.2 25 16
U.S. 5.5 9.3 1.4 0 6.3 28 13
Foreign 11.3 19.1 2.5 0.2 15.9 22 19
Domestic Use
World 1.8 3 2.7 0 10.3 22 19
U.S. 2.2 3.7 0.9 0.1 2.4 26 15
Foreign 2.1 3.6 2.4 0 10.4 20 21
Ending Stocks
World 11.3 19 3.5 0.3 13.2 24 17
U.S. 34.8 58.5 1.7 0.1 6.8 16 25
Foreign 12.3 20.8 3.2 0 12.8 27 14
COTTON Million 480-Pound Bales
Production
World 1.7 2.8 1.2 0 5.2 29 11
U.S. 0.3 0.5 0 0 0.2 17 16
Foreign 2 3.3 1.2 0 5.1 28 12
Exports
World 4.3 7.2 1.1 0.1 4.2 26 15
U.S. 4.6 7.8 0.4 0 1.4 18 20
Foreign 5.4 9.1 0.9 0.1 3.9 25 16
Domestic Use
World 2.3 3.8 1.7 0 8.5 23 18
U.S. 6.3 10.6 0.2 0 0.8 19 17
Foreign 2.2 3.8 1.6 0.2 7.8 23 18
Ending Stocks
World 6.9 11.5 2.9 0 8.3 27 14
U.S. 14 23.6 0.4 0 1.6 17 24
Foreign 7.3 12.3 2.8 0.1 8 25 16
1/ Marketing years 1981/82 through 2021/22 for grains, soybeans (U.S. only), and cotton. Final
for grains, soybeans, and cotton is defined as the first November estimate following the
marketing year for 1981/82 through 2020/21, and for 2021/22 the last month’s estimate. 2/
Includes corn, sorghum, barley, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grain.
April 2023
WASDE - 635 - 37
Reliability of United States April Projections 1/

90 percent Years
Root mean confidence Below Above
square error interval Average Smallest Largest Final Final
CORN Percent Million Bushels
Production 0.2 0.3 6 0 72 1 5
Exports 6.6 11.1 98 13 248 20 21
Domestic Use 2.1 3.6 109 5 474 16 25
Ending Stocks 12.5 21.1 143 3 470 19 22
SORGHUM
Production 0.1 0.2 0 0 4 0 2
Exports 11.6 19.5 20 0 72 27 13
Domestic Use 9.8 16.4 22 0 158 16 23
Ending Stocks 38 64 20 0 148 18 22
BARLEY
Production 1 1.6 1 0 11 20 4
Exports 14.5 24.5 3 0 13 11 24
Domestic Use 5.5 9.2 11 0 64 19 19
Ending Stocks 12.6 21.2 12 0 52 25 15
OATS
Production 0.4 0.7 0 0 2 5 4
Exports 32.5 54.7 0 0 3 7 6
Domestic Use 3.9 6.6 8 0 26 12 26
Ending Stocks 14.3 24 9 1 30 26 15
SOYBEAN MEAL Thousand Short Tons
Production 2.6 4.5 825 35 2667 30 11
Exports 7.9 13.3 548 25 2326 31 10
Domestic Use 2.1 3.6 501 100 2066 28 13
Ending Stocks 34.2 57.6 69 0 253 15 24
SOYBEAN OIL Million Pounds
Production 2.6 4.4 392 15 1058 30 11
Exports 16.7 28.1 232 0 777 27 13
Domestic Use 1.9 3.2 246 0 576 23 17
Ending Stocks 17.1 28.7 236 5 753 27 14
ANIMAL PROD. Million Pounds

Beef 2.3 3.9 481 19 1388 26 15
Pork 2.1 3.6 309 10 983 24 17
Broilers 1.3 2.3 313 6 1006 28 13
Turkeys 2.6 4.4 105 3 398 19 22
Million Dozen
Eggs 1.6 2.7 90 4 433 28 13
Billion Pounds
Milk 1.1 1.9 1.4 0 5.2 20 20
1/ See pages 35 and 36 for record of reliability for U.S. wheat, rice, soybeans, and cotton.
Marketing years 1981/82 through 2021/22 for grains, soybeans, and cotton. Final for grains,
soybeans, and cotton is defined as the first November estimate following the marketing year for
1981/82 through 2021/22. Calendar years 1982 through 2021 for meats, eggs, and milk. Final for
animal products is defined as the latest annual production estimate published by NASS for 1982-
2021.

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WASDE - 635

World and U.S. Supply and Use for Grains 1/

Million Metric Tons

Total Total Ending

Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 2725.4 3544 488.12 2747.4 796.57

2022/23 Mar 2738.4 3526.2 483.93 2763.2 762.96

Wheat 2020/21 774.41 1074.1 203.35 787.74 286.33

2022/23 Mar 788.94 1060.4 213.93 793.19 267.2

Coarse Grains 5/ 2020/21 1441.7 1779 233.6 1456 322.94

2022/23 Mar 1439.6 1772.5 215.11 1450.1 322.44

Rice, milled 2020/21 509.32 690.96 51.17 503.65 187.31

2022/23 Mar 509.83 693.27 54.9 519.95 173.32

United States Total Total Ending

Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 429.86 516.87 107.23 351.24 58.4

2022/23 Mar 408.46 474.41 72.39 348.85 53.18

Wheat 2020/21 49.75 80.46 27.05 30.41 23

2022/23 Mar 44.9 67.18 21.09 30.62 15.47

2022/23 Mar 358.47 399.55 49.42 313.56 36.57

Rice, milled 2020/21 7.22 9.22 2.97 4.86 1.39

2022/23 Mar 5.09 7.69 1.87 4.67 1.15

1/ Aggregate of local marketing years. 2/ Based on export estimate. See individual

World and U.S. Supply and Use for Grains, Continued 1/

Million Metric Tons

Foreign 3/ Total Total Ending

Total Grains 4/ 2020/21 2295.53 3027.12 380.89 2396.18 738.17

2022/23 Mar 2329.93 3051.78 411.55 2414.38 709.78

Wheat 2020/21 724.66 993.61 176.3 757.33 263.33

2022/23 Mar 744.04 993.21 192.83 762.57 251.73

Coarse Grains 5/ 2020/21 1068.78 1351.77 156.39 1140.06 288.92

2022/23 Mar 1081.15 1372.98 165.69 1136.53 285.87

Rice, milled 2020/21 502.1 681.74 48.2 498.79 185.92

2022/23 Mar 504.74 685.59 53.03 515.28 172.18

World and U.S. Supply and Use for Cotton 1/

Million 480-lb. Bales

Total Total Ending

World 2020/21 111.5 209.71 48.83 123.31 86.3

United States 2020/21 14.61 21.86 16.35 2.4 3.15

2022/23 Mar 14.68 18.44 12 2.1 4.3

Foreign 4/ 2020/21 96.89 187.85 32.48 120.91 83.15

2022/23 Mar 100.41 182.77 27.6 108.01 86.85

World and U.S. Supply and Use for Oilseeds 1/

(Million Metric Tons)

World Total Total Ending

Oilseeds 2020/21 608.35 720.83 192.1 509.28 116.05

2022/23 Mar 629.89 747.59 199.9 526.26 117.31

Oilmeals 2020/21 349.14 370.02 97.48 345.77 19.35

2022/23 Mar 359.51 377.5 96.59 355.86 17.01

Vegetable Oils 2020/21 206.83 236.93 85.21 204.42 28.52

2022/23 Mar 217.22 246.57 88.23 212.83 29.56

United States Output

Oilseeds 2020/21 124.52 141.69 62.78 62.66 8.64

2022/23 Mar 125.96 136.39 55.76 64.75 7.47

Oilmeals 2020/21 48.25 53.02 12.62 40 0.39

2022/23 Mar 50.13 54.46 12.66 41.39 0.4

Vegetable Oils 2020/21 12.7 18.86 1.04 16.52 1.3

2022/23 Mar 13.3 20.1 0.44 18.38 1.28

2022/23 Mar 503.93 611.19 144.1 461.52 109.84

Oilmeals 2020/21 300.9 317 84.86 305.77 18.96

2022/23 Mar 309.38 323.04 83.93 314.46 16.6

Vegetable Oils 2020/21 194.13 218.07 84.17 187.9 27.22

2022/23 Mar 203.92 226.47 87.79 194.44 28.28

2021/22 (Est.) Beginning Stocks ### 845