Citizenship

Presented by:
Kissen Piano
Katya Tan
Colene Bancorro
Cedrick Gaspar
History of Citizenship
- Citizenship started in the city-state of Greece, particularly in
Athens.

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT "CITIZEN"

After the Renaissance Period (1450–1600) citizen were seen as

subjects and the idea of citizenship has been abandoned.
– the development of cities and towns led to the rebirth of
distinguishing the residents of the City.
 GREECE
- citizenship is applied to property owners.
- a citizen was entitled to vote and was liable to taxation and military
services.
- property and birthright is a sign of the element of privilege in
citizenship.
- being a citizen is exclusive

NOTE: The basic principle of political leadership that had developed by the middle of the
5th Century was that "No citizen is better qualified than any other citizen to direct public
policy, that is, Greek citizens are the state."
 ROMANS
- they used citizenship as a device to distinguish the residents of the city of Rome.
- they used ranks for citizenship such as 1st class, 2nd class and so on.
- Rome left a law of citizenship that provided an institutional reality in which
Roman citizenship was based on the categories of Patricians and Plebeians.
* Patricians – citizenship was about owning large tracts of agricultural land and
control of the magistracies which guaranteed access to virtue, honor and state
contract.
* Plebeian – it is about standing in the human community ans recognition by their
Patrician. It also means access to Rome's Structure of magistracies and assemblies.

NOTE: Citizenship was primarily a state which conferred a certain legal power and benefices. It also represent a
class culture which was the result of a "class" education that was based on a curriculum common throughout the
city state world.
 Roman Jurisprudence from person to things (Citizenship) - Gaius
developed the concept of citizenship from person to things. It was the
origin of possessive individualism upon a certain possession. Citizenship
became a practice of rights which involved pursuing one's right.

NOTE: Aristotle says that "Citizens only available only to those who rule
themselves and this was possible unless one would rule over in this
household" and it could only be accomplished through interactions.
 Bill of Rights or
Declaration of Rights
 Rights of the Filipino Citizen
1. Right to due process of law and equal protection of the law.
2. Right from arbitrary arrest and unreasonable search and
seizures.
3. Privacy of communication of correspondence.
4. Freedom of speech and freedom of the press.
5. Right to peaceful assembly and petition.
6. Freedom of religion.
7. Liberty of abode and travel.
8. Right to secure information from government records.
9. Right to form associations.
10. Right to own property.
 Rights of the Filipino Citizen
11. Inviolability of contracts.
12. Right to a speedy and public trial.
13. Right against self-incrimination and right to counsel.
14. Freedom from torture, threat, or secret detention.
15. Compensation for torture and rehabilitation of victims and their
families.
16. Right to bail.
17. Presumption of innocence
18. Writ of habeas corpus.
19. Freedom of innocence.
20. Prohibition against the death penalty and excessive fines.
 Rights of the Filipino Citizen
21. Right to humane and adequate facilities.
22. No imprisonment for failure of debts or poll tax.
23. Right against double jeopardy.
24. Right to vote and to hold office.
25. Prohibition of ex post facto law and bill of attainder.
Our Rights and Duties
as Citizens
 WHO IS JOSE ABUEVA?
-Filipino political scientist and public
administration scholar
-Jose velasco abueva
-16th president of University of the
Philippines
Wrote the article our rights and duties as
citizens in July 24 2014
-he noticed that the 1935 constitution
merely copied the US constitution by having
Jose Abueva a bill of rights, but no bill of duties.
 -Filipinos that do not engage themselves in the elections
or any political scenes for they claim it to be “meaningless
and not worth joining”

-many of us citizens are more concerned by the benefits,

rights, entitlement we can get rather than the obligation and
responsibility we have to our nation and government.

-He proposed a bill of duties to complement the bill of right

in our 1987 constitution, that the bill of rights and the
proposed bill of duties is helpful in civic education and
training of responsible and accountable citizens and leaders.
Things our society suffers from according to Abueva:
-Selfish Individualism
-Materialism
-Secularism
 Accordingly, the CMFP Draft Constitution that I drafted has Article V.
Bill of Duties and Obligations immediately after Article IV. Bill of Rights.
The 1935 Constitution and the 1987 Constitution do not have a Bill of
Duties of citizens.

The proposed CMFP Article V. Bill of Duties and Obligations.

Section 1. Loyalty, obedience, cooperation.

Section 2. Correlative duty.
Section 3. Human life, dignity, rights.
Section 4. Duty to work.
Section 5. Civic, political participation.
Section 6. Promote equity, social justice.
Section 7. Responsibility of youth.
 Section 8. Health, ecology, environment.

The 2005 Consultative Commission. In 2005 President Gloria Macapagal

Arrroyo appointed three leaders of the CMFP (Rey Teves, Lito Lorenzana,
and I) to the Consultative Commission on Charter Change which elected me
as chairman. The Commission proposed a Federal-Parliamentary System
and the following proposed Bill of Duties.
 Article V. Bill of Duties

SECTION 1. It shall be the duty of every citizen to be loyal to the Republic of the
Philippines, honor the Philippine Flag, defend the State, contribute to its
development and welfare, uphold the Constitution and obey the laws, pay taxes,
and cooperate with the duly constituted authorities in the attainment and
maintenance of the rule of law and of a peaceful, just, humane and orderly society.
 SECTION 2. The rights of the individual impose upon him the
correlative duty to exercise them responsibly and with due regard for
the rights of others.

SECTION 3. Citizens and the State shall at all times respect the life and
dignity of every human person and uphold human rights.
THANK YOU FOR
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