UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE TECÁMAC

INGENIERÍA FINANCIERA

“U3 EP1 Ensayo cultura de un país anglosajón”

TEACHER: NADIA MARISOL BACA GARCIA

STUDENTS ENROLLMENT

CARRASCO VELAZQUEZ CAROLINA 1321125070

DE LA CRUZ MARTINEZ VICTOR EDUARDO 1321125090

HERNANDEZ CRUZ AILINE 1321125089

HIDALGO CORTES LISETH GUADALUPE 1321125186

SANCHEZ SANTIAGO EMY LAURA 1321125060

2523 ENGLISH V

23/03/2023
INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT

It is important to mention that in the independence of Scotland called the Scottish

Independence which is known in Scotland how: Scots otherdom, within its culture

there is an activity involving different political parties in favor of the separation of

Scotland from the United Kingdom to become an independent state, as it was until

1707.

For the history of Scotland until the year 1072 is immersed in many conflicts and

disputes. During the Scottish Wars of Independence (1290-1363), various invasions

put in the hands of the English various territories of Scotland, but independence

remained.

For this, in 1603 James VI of Scotland became James I of England, however the

union of the crowns allowed the separate parliaments to remain. Thus, Scotland

retained its government, although the conflict between the two countries became

economic.

Once this, the Scottish and English parliaments carried out the signing of the Act of

Union, by which both were dissolved, and all had power before it, were transferred to

a new parliament in London which became the Parliament of Great Britain. Up to this

point some significant aspects such as legislation and education remained separate

from the English system, and the Scottish language and culture retained some

strength. Although there was a new sense of British identity carried with varying

degrees of enthusiasm, the Scottish national identity remained very strong.

By this time where Jacobitism was concentrated, which was dedicated to defending

the rights of monarchs over those of parliament, it became a vehicle of dissent and
was associated with Scottish (and Irish) nationalism. After the Jacobite uprisings

were finally crushed, Jacobitism became associated with the image that could be

found in the novels of Walter Scott and was assimilated into the British

consciousness.

Within the struggle for self-government, a self-government movement appeared as

late as the mid-19th century that sought the devolution of control over Scottish affairs

to Scotland but support for independence did not come until the 1920s. In this sense

the demand for the creation of a Scottish Assembly was initiated in 1853 by a body

close to the Conservative Party and soon received the support of the Liberal Party as

well, however it was not considered important, and when the proposal for Scottish

self-government was presented to the Westminster Parliament in 1913, its

processing was interrupted by the First World War. The New Labour Party shared the

Liberal Party's position on self-government, but they had other priorities and their

policy changed at the 1945 UK General Election. In 1974 Labour's policy returned to

support for Scottish self-government, subject to a referendum. The new Labour Party

(the Scottish Nationalist Association) created the National Party of Scotland (the

National Party of Scotland) and the Scottish National League (the Scottish National

League).

The Scots National League, formed in 1921, was a group initially based in London

that fought for Scottish independence, heavily influenced by Irish Sinn Féin. It

created the Scots Independent newspaper in 1926 and in 1928 they collaborated

with the Scottish Nationalist Association of the University of Glasgow (Glasgow U

Scotland), in favor of an independent Scottish state. One of the founders was Hugh

MacDiarmid, a poet who had begun to promote Scottish literature, along with others

connected with the Labor Party.

They cooperated with the Scottish Party, an autonomist organization formed in 1932

by former members of the Conservative Party# 1934 they joined together to form the

Scottish National Party, which, although initially autonomist, later came to support

independence. The party suffered a decline in support in the 1930s when the word

nationalism began to be associated with that of German National Socialism, but they

gained their first MP in a by-election in 1945, although they lost it in the general

election three months later.

The Scottish Nationalist Party had notable electoral success in the 1960s, and when

oil was found in the North Sea in 1970, they were able to counter fears about the

economic viability of possible independence with the slogan "It's Scotland's oil." They

argued that the profits from such oil, collected by the British Treasury, had benefited

Scotland little compared to other parts of the United Kingdom.

By 1970 with the revival of that year's general election in February 1974, Scottish

voters elected seven members of the Scottish Nationalist Party, which increased to

eleven in the October 1974 election. This empowered the independence movement

with more advanced proposals in the House of Commons where the Labour Party

formed a minority government with the support of the Liberal Party. As promised,

Labour made proposals for a Scottish Parliament with a semi-autonomous Scottish

assembly with powers to control some aspects of internal policy. To this end, the

Scotland Act 1978 was enacted.

But while the measure had the support of the Scottish Labour Party, some members

opposed constitutional change without a clear mandate and the Parliament decided

to hold a referendum, requiring 40% or more of the electorate in favor rather than

requiring a simple majority of the votes cast. When the referendum was held on
March 1, 1979, 33% voted in favor and 31% against, with 36% abstaining, so the

proposal did not see the light of day. The progress of independence was halted when

the Scottish National Party supported a motion of censure against the government

and forced a general election in 1979, which gave victory to the great opponent of

independence, Margaret Thatcher.

After the referendum, the "NO" to independence triumphed with 55.3% of the

electorate, with an extraordinary turnout of 84.59%.

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

 Fausto. P (2017). Lonely Planet Global Ltd. Obtenido de

https://www.lonelyplanet.es/europa/escocia/historia#:~:text=Escocia%20logr
%C3%B3%20la%20independencia%20en,de%20Gran%20Breta%C3%B1a%20hasta
%201714.

 Marey. A (3 de Mayo 2020). Minimundo. Obtenido de

https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/juniorreport/20221128/8621704/
independentismo-escocia.html