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Operations Research: Instructor: DR: Abdelhamid Mostafa
Operations Research: Instructor: DR: Abdelhamid Mostafa
Lecture 4
Instructor:
Dr: Abdelhamid Mostafa
Exercise
• A Company produces two types of products.
Type 1 requires 1 K.G of raw material, and 1 hour of
direct labor per unit . Type 2 requires 2 K.G of raw
material, 1 hour of hand work per unit.
8 K.G are available for raw material, 4 hours for
direct labor , and 3 hours for hand work.
Each unit of Type 1 produces $2 profit, and each
unit of Type 2 yields $5 profit.
Use the simplex method to find the maximum
profit and the production schedule that will
produce this profit.
Let x1= number of units of type 1
x2= number of units of type 2
Maximize profit Z= 2x1+ 5x2
x1 x2 Availability
Raw material 1 2 8
Direct labor 1 0 4
Hand work 0 1 3
10
Formulating the model
Maximize Z= 2x1+5x2
Subject to:
x1+2x2 ≤ 8
x1 ≤ 4
x2 ≤ 3
x1 , x2 ≥ 0
We can add a new variable (s), called a slack
variable, so that we get an equality:
s
x1+2x2 + 1= 8
x1 + s2 = 4
x 2 + s3 = 3
The first table:
Main Constants
Variables x1 x2 s1 s2 s3
Z 2 5 0 0 0 0
s1 1 2 1 0 0 8
s2 1 0 0 1 0 4
s3 0 0 0 1 3
1
Main column (x2)..max positive number in (z) row
Main row
s1=8÷2 =4
s2=4÷0=∞
Main Constants
Variables
x1 x2 s1 s2 s3
Z 2 0 0 0 -5
15
s1 0 1 0 -2 2
1
s2 1 0 0 1 0 4
x2 0 1 0 0 0 3
Main column (x1)..max positive number in (z) row
Main row
Main Constants
Variables x1 x2 s1 s2 s3
Z 0 0 -2 0 -1
19
x1 1 0 1 0 -2 2
s2 0 0 -1 1 2 2
x2 0 1 0 0 0 3
Maximum profit=19
Products:
x1=2
x2=3
Slack variables:
s1=0
s2=2
s3=0
Z=2x1 +5 x2 (Objective function)
Z= 2(2)+5(3)= 19(profit)
Cost of resources:
= available resources × positive value of (s) in z
row:
8 × 2 =16
4 × 0 =0
3 × 1=3
Sum =19 (profit)