Exam. Seat No.

Rajaram College, Kolhapur

Department of Mathematics

Laboratory Certificate

This is to certify that,

Shri./Miss...........................................................................

of Class B. Sc. – II Roll No…..…….has satisfactorily

completed the practical course(CCPM - II) in the subject

of Mathematics as prescribed by SHIVAJI

UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR, during the academic year

2022-2023 and this journal represents his/her bonafide

work.

Teacher in Charge Head of the Department

External Examiner
 CONTENTS
Sr. Page
Name of the Experiments Date Sign
No. No.
1 Eigen-Values And Eigen Vectors

2 Cayley Hamilton Theorem

Range Of Function, Image And Inverse Image

3
Of A Subset

4 Types Of Functions

5 Mathematical Induction

6 Limit Of Sequence

7 Convergence Of Sequence

8 Comparison Test And Cauchy's Root Test

9 D'Alemberts Ratio Test And Raabe's Test

Examples On Group And Order Of An

10
Element

11 Cyclic Subgroup

12 Permutation Group

13 Homomorphism And Kernel

Number of experiments completed:

Teacher in Charge
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 1 Date:

Title of the experiment: Eigen values and Eigen vectors.

Q1) Find the eigen values and corresponding eigen vectors of the followingmatrices

2 2 3
i) 𝐴 1 1 1
1 3 1
3 10 5
ii) 𝐵 2 3 4
3 5 7
2 0 1
iii) 𝐶 0 3 0
1 0 2
2 2 3
    iv) 𝐷 2 1 6 
1 2 0

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 2 Date:

Title of the experiment: Cayley – Hamilton theorem

Q1) Verify Cayley – Hamilton theorem for the following matrices

and hence find A-1

1 √2 0 1 2 3
i) 𝐴 √2 1 0 ii) 𝐴 2 1 4
0 0 1 3 1 1

Q2) Use Cayley – Hamilton theorem to express for the matrix

3 1
2𝐴 3𝐴 𝐴 4𝐼 as a linear polynomial in A Where 𝐴
1 2
 

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 3 Date:

Title of the experiment: Range of function, Image and inverse image of a subset 

Q.1) Let A = {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3} and B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.Consider the rule f(x) =
x². Find domains (f) and range (f).

Q.2) Let A = {-1, 0, 1, 2} and B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. Consider a rule f(x) = x². Find the domain
(f) and range (f).

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 4 Date:

Title of the experiment: Types of Function (Injective, Surjective, Bijective, Inverse function, Composition 
of two functions) 

Q.1) If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7 } and f = { (1,4),(2,5),(3,6)} is a function from

A to B. State whether f is one-one, onto or not.

Q.2) For whether the function f : N N given by f(x) = 3x is injective (one-one),

surjective (onto) or both.

Q. 3) Let f (x) = log(x) for (0 < x < ∞) then

1. Find the range of f

2. If A = [0, 1], B = [1, 2] then find f−1(A), f−1(B), f−1(A∪B),
f−1(A∩B), f−1(A)∪ f−1(B), f−1(A) ∩ f−1(B).
Q.4) Consider the sine function defined as f (x) = sin(x); (−∞ < x < ∞)
then 1) what is the image of π/2 under f and 2) f−1(1)

Q.5) For f(x) = 2x + 3 and g(x) = -x 2 + 1, find the composite function defined by
(f o g)(x)

Q.6) Functions f and g are given by f(x) = √(x + 2) and g(x) = log (1 - x2). Find the
composite function defined by (g o f)(x)
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 5 Date:

Title of the experiment: Mathematical induction 

Q.1) Prove that 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + (2n – 1) = n2 for all positive integers n.

Q.2) For every positive integer n, prove that 7n – 3n is divisible by 4.

Q.3) Prove that 2n > n for all positive integers n.

 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 6 Date:

Title of the experiment: Limit of a sequence (using definition)  

By using the ɛ-definition of limit prove the following

n 1
Q.1) lim 1
n n  1

Q.2) lim n  1  n  0
n

(1)n1
Q.3) lim 0
n n
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 7 Date:

Title of the experiment: Convergence of sequence 

Examine the convergence of following sequences


 4n 
Q.1)  
 3  2n n1

3  (1)n 

Q.2)
n 1


 3n 
Q.3)  
 7 n n1

 n  2
Q.4)  
 n  5 n1
 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 8 Date:

Title of the experiment: Comparison test and Cauchy’s root test 

Discuss the convergence of the following series by using Comparison test or

Cauchy’s root test


n 1  n 1
Q.1) 
n 1 n

1
Q.2)  sin  
n 1 n
1 1 1
Q.3)    
1 2 23 3 4

1 3 5
Q.4)    
1 2  3 2  3  4 3 4 5

1
Q.5) 
n 1  log n 
n


Q.6) 2 e
n 1
n n
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 9 Date:

Title of the experiment: D’ Alembert’s ratio test and Rabbi’s test 

Discuss the convergence of the following series by using D’ Alembert’s ratio test
or Rabbi’s test

n!
Q.1)  2n
n 1 nn

xn
Q.2) 
n 1 n


1 4  7 10  (3n  2)
Q.3) 
n 1 3  6  9 12  3n


12  32  52  (2n  1)2
Q.4)  2
n 1 2  4 2
 6 2
 (2 n  2) 2

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 10 Date:

Title of the experiment: Examples on Group and order of an element.

Q1) Let S= R-{-1}, the set of real numbers except -1. Define * on S by
a*b = a+b+a . Show that S is a group with respect to *.

Q2) Prove that the set 𝑍 = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} is a finite abelian group of order 6
with respect to addition modulo 6 . Find the order of each element in 𝑍 .

Q3) Show that the set of all positive rational number forms an abelian group
under the composition defined by , 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏

Q4) Show that the set of all integers I as an abelian group with operation *
defined by 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 2
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 11 Date:

Title of the experiment: Cyclic Groups

Q1) Show that the group G = {-1, 1, i, -i} is cyclic with respect to the
multiplication. How many generators it has?

Q2) Show that the group 𝑍 = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} with respect to addition modulo 5 is a
cyclic group. How many generators it has?

Q3) Show that the group 𝑍 ∗ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} with respect to multiplication

modulo 7 is a cyclic group. How many generators it has?

Q4) Show that the group 𝑍 ∗ = {1, 2, 3, 4} with respect to multiplication modulo 5
is a cyclic group. How many generators it has?
 

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 12 Date:

Title of the experiment: Permutation Group.

1 2 3 1 2 3
Q1) If 𝑓 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔 find f.g and g.f
2 3 1 3 1 2

Q2) Find the inverse of each of the following permutation

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4
i) 𝑓 ii) 𝑓
2 3 1 5 4 1 3 4 2
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Q3) If 𝑓 and 𝑔
3 4 2 1 4 1 2 3
then show that f.g g.f

   

 
 RAJARAM COLLEGE, KOLHAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Name of Student: Roll No.

Experiment No. 13 Date:

Title of the experiment: Homomorphism and Kernel

Q1) Let <Z,+> and <E,+> be the group of integers and group of even integers
respectively. Let 𝑓: 𝑍 → 𝐸 be function defined by f(x) = 2x , ∀ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑍
Prove that f is an isomorphism. Also find Ker f.

Q2) Let G be the multiplicative group of all 𝑛 𝑛 non singular matrices with elements
as real numbers and let G’ be the multiplicative group of all non zero real numbers. Show
that the mapping 𝑓: 𝐺 → G’ such that 𝑓 𝐴 |𝐴| , ∀ 𝐴 𝜖 𝐺 is a homomorphism of G
onto G’. What is the kernel of this homomorphism?

Q3)Show that the mapping 𝑓: 𝐶 → R such that f(x+iy) = x is a homomorphism of the

additive group of complex number onto the additive group of real numbers and find the
kernel of f.

Q4) If n be any positive given integer, show that the mapping 𝑓: 𝐶 → 𝐶 defined by
f(z) = zn is an endomorphism. Find the kernel of this endomorphism.

Q5) Let G be an abelian group. If a mapping 𝑓: 𝐺 → G is defined as f(x) = x-1 , ∀ 𝑥 𝜖 𝐺

Then show that f is an endomorphism.