Prelaboratory Report

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF SCIENCE

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I
CHY3201

PRELABORATORY REPORT
VERSION 1:2021

SESSION
2021/2022
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 2: LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE EXTRACTION

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Explain the following terms/concepts :

a) Extraction

b) Distillation

4. Why do we need to measure the melting point of a solid compound after purification?
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 3: RECRYSTALLIZATION

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Explain the following terms :

b) Solution

c) Polarity

d) Purification

e) Recrystallization

4. Explain briefly how the purity of a chemical substance can be determined.

Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 4: IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS USING IR

SPECTROSCOPY AND QUALITATIVE TESTS

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. What is infrared spectroscopy? What can be identified using infrared spectroscopy?

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.

3. List five (5) tests for functional group and give the positive observation.

4. Physical properties of a compound are also important in the preliminary classification of

compounds. Provide 3 examples of compound physical properties.
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 5: CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS OF ALKANES AND CYCLOHEXANES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Define the following terms:

a) conformation

b) Newman projection

2. Draw all possible conformations of compounds below. Determine the relative stability of all
the conformers drawn.

a) Ethane

b) propane
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 6: STEREOCHEMISTRY

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Briefly describe the following terms:

a) stereoisomer

b) enantiomer

c) diastereomer

d) meso compound

2. When does a compound exhibit chirality?

3. How many stereoisomers are possible for the following compounds?

a. 2,3-diamino-2,3-pentandiol

b. 3,4-dibromohexane
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 7: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION OF CARBONYL GROUP

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Draw the chemical structure of vanillin. Circle and name all the functional groups that are
present in vanillin.

4. Give the product obtained when vanillin is treated with the following reagent.

i) Solution of acidic potassium permanganate

ii) CH3CH2MgBr

5. Suggest other reducing agent that can be used to replace sodium borohydride
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 8: NUCLEOPHILIC ACYL SUBSTITUTION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Name the type of reaction taking place in Fischer esterification.

4. Explain the concepts/theory of reflux.

5. Explain why boiling stone is used during distillation process.

6. Predict whether an ester product would have a higher or lower boiling point than the starting
carboxylic acid. Why?
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 9: SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF ALKYL HALIDES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Explain the concepts/theory in a substitution reaction.

a) SN1

b) SN2

4. Predict the reactivity of alkyl halides (primary, secondary and tertiary) in each substitution
reaction below. List them in the order of increasing reactivity.

SN1 :

SN2:

5. Give other type of reaction that is common for alkyl halides.

Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 10: ELIMINATION REACTION OF ALCOHOL

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. What is an elimination reaction? Beside alcohol, name other functional group that can
undergo elimination reaction to give alkene.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.

3. Draw a flow chart of the experiment.

4. Explain why addition of concentrated sulfuric acid to water must be done slowly.
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 11: HYDRATION OF ALKENES

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Explain the following terms and give examples:

a) Electrophile and nucleophile

b) Lewis acids and bases

4. The principle reactions of alkenes are dominated by addition reactions, while in the
preparation of alkenes mostly are through elimination reactions. Prepare short notes on
both reactions in term of main pathways and reaction mechanism.
Prelaboratory Report

MODULE 12: OXIDATION OF ALCOHOL

Name : Matric :

Demo : Lab : Date :

________________________________________________________________________

1. Draw the flow chart of the experiment.

2. Conduct a risk assessment for the chemicals involve in the experiment and list them in a
table.
Prelaboratory Report

3. Suggest other oxidizing agent that can be used to replace potassium permanganate.

4. Suggest oxidizing agent that can be used to oxidized benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde.

5. Why do you need to acidify (add concentrated hydrochloric acid) to the reaction mixture
before crystallization?