UNIT 8: GRAMMAR

REVISION OF RELATIVE CLAUSE

Mệnh đề quan hệ là một phần của câu. Người ta dùng mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung, giải thích rõ
hơn nội dung được đề cập trước nó. Trong mệnh đề quan hệ thường có các đại từ quan hệ:
● WHO+ Làm chủ từ hoặc túc từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
+ Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người
Vd: + The boy WHO is standing at the door likes learning online a lot
● WHICH+ Làm chủ từ hoặc túc từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
+ Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật
Vd:+ The tablet WHICH you are using to take notes belongs to Susan
● THAT+ Làm chủ từ hoặc túc từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
+ Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người/vật hoặc cả người và vật.
Vd:+ Do you see the man and his dog THAT is walking around the park.
● WHOSE+ Dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật, thường thay cho các từ: her, his, their,
hoặc hình thức sở hữu cách ‘s .
Vd:+ We met the people WHOSE interest is about education.
I. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ XÁC ĐỊNH):
- Được dùng để đưa thông tin cần thiết của người hoặc vật đã được đề cập đến trong câu.
Vd: + The students WHO are learning face-to-face can understand the lesson better.
+ Students fancy using blended learning WHICH combines traditional and modern method
II. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHÔNG XÁC ĐỊNH):
- Dùng để đưa thêm thông tin cho người hoặc vật đã được đề cập, thường có dấu phẩy “,” trong câu.
Thông tin của mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định nếu mất đi vẫn bảo toàn được nghĩa của câu.
Vd:+ My teacher, WHO is teaching me Geography, gives me a lot of online homework.
+ Ms. Lien, WHO usually lies to everyone, takes others’ documents and pretends to be the composer
Một vài cách nhận biết mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định:
1) Danh từ được bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng, tên riêng, vật duy nhất
Vd: Can Tho, WHICH I am living in, is a glorious city.
2) Danh từ được bổ nghĩa có tính từ sở hữu đứng trước nó.
Vd: My university, WHICH I am studying, is called Can Tho university.
3) Danh từ được bổ nghĩa có this, that, these, those đứng trước nó.
Vd: This T-shirt, WHICH I bought in Can Tho, is very colorful.
4)Thay thế cho cả mệnh đề đứng trước nó
Ex: He passed his exam. This pleased his parents. à He passed his exam, which pleased his parents.
5) OF WHICH / OF WHOM:
Ex: - Daisy has three brothers.All of them are teachers.àDaisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers.
- He asked me a lot of questions. I couldn’t answer most of them.
à He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.
6) Danh từ có cụm trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn
- The boys in the next room are my students. They are making noise.
à The boys in the next room, who are making noise, are my students.
* LƯU Ý: KHÔNG được bỏ đại từ quan hệ trong MĐQH không hạn định.
1: Mr. Brown has created a list of the most useful apps for the classroom, ____ is available on his blog.
A. that B. which C. who D. whose
2: Many teachers have worked to chance their traditional classrooms into an environment ____ students can use the
latest technology for their learning process.
A. whose B. who C. where D. that
3: My youngest son, ____ may be quiet or shy in a classroom, may become active in a social learning situation made
possible by digital devices. A. that B. who C. whose D. whom
4: Mr. Forbes teaches a class for students ____ native language is not English.
A. which B. who C. whose D. those who
5: Some teachers ____ levels of IT are not very high may resist teaching with electronic devices.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
Question 55: The interactive whiteboard involves students directly in work in front of the board, ____ most of them
love. A. that B. Ø C. which D. whose
6: That media player, ____ I often use to practise my English, has some great apps.
A. Ø B. that C. what D. which
7: Students ____ seem to be taking notes on their laptop are sometimes surfing the Internet in class.
A. who B. which C. whose D. they
8: Notebooks, tablets and cellphones are all technology ____ students are accustomed to and can use as learning aids.
A. when B. whose C. that D. where
9: All smartphones ____ storage hardware is big can store downloaded audio books.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
10: Science teachers ____ use the 3D projectors and other electronic devices can easily illustrate the lessons.
A. whom B. what C. who D. whose
11: Smartphones, laptops and tablets are the modern devices ____ have changed the way we think.
A. what B. Ø C. whose D. that
12: You can access the Internet, download programs and information ____ can help you understand the material and
widen your knowledge. A. what B. that C. Ø D. who
13: There are sites ____ you can record your own voice and listen to yourself.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
14: In the USA, a public school is a state school, ____ is run by the government and is free to attend.
A. that B. which C. who D. Ø
15: I don't understand the assignment ____ the professor gave us last Monday.
A. which B. that C. Ø D. All are correct
16: Students will enjoy doing many activities, including games, puzzles, __________ purposes are the development of
team spirits. A. whoB. whom C. whose D. which
17: There are interactive activities _________ are available to be downloaded from the Internet.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
18: The smart table has been used in several schools, ____________brings many benefits to our students.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. Which
19: I ____ a lot of new language from speaking with my host family and with other students from all over the world.
A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. saved up
20: A tablet is perfect for people ____ work is to draw and write. A. who B. Ø C. which D. whose
Combine these sentences using relative clauses:
Question 1: The girl looked very upset. Her electronic dictionary broke down.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 2: His grandmother had a great influence on his life. She was a hard – working woman.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 3: Mai is interested in physics. I don't like it.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 4: Tom has hundreds of books. They are all in foreign languages.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 5: Shakespeare was a famous playwright. His birthplace was Stratford - upon - Avon.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 6: I will always remember the teacher. He taught me how to read and write.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 7: The pub is opposite the Town Hall. I first met my wife there.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 8: He was sitting on a chair. It was uncomfortable.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 9: He smokes cigarettes. They are very strong.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 10: Let me see the pictures. You took them at Peter's wedding.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 11: Some people only think about money. I don't like them.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 12: Do you know that lady? I repaired her car.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 13: That girl is Swedish. Tom is in love with her.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 14: John has bought a house. There are ghosts in that house.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 15: Some people drive drunk. I never travel with them.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.
Question 16: A man stole £10,000 from a bank. The police have caught him.
 ____________________________________________________________________________.