Single Phase Circuit/ AC Fundamental

1. Prove that the average power in an ac circuit is equal to VIcosΦ. Explain the significance of
cosΦ in this expression.

2. Draw the circuit diagram, waveform of voltage and current, phasor diagram of a (i) purely
resistive circuit, (ii) purely inductive circuit, (iii) purely capacitive circuit supplied by a
sinusoidal voltage (alternating voltage).

3. Draw the circuit diagram, waveform of voltage and current, phasor diagram of a (i) series
RL circuit, (ii) series RC circuit, (iii) series RLC circuit supplied by a sinusoidal voltage
(alternating voltage).

4. Explain resonance in a series RLC circuit with necessary circuit and phasor diagram. Derive
the expression of resonance frequency in a series RLC circuit. Draw the resonance curve.

5. Explain why power loss in a pure inductance/pure capacitance is equal to zero in an ac

circuit.

6. An ac. series circuit consisting of a pure resistance of 25Ω, inductance of 0.15H and a
capacitance of 80µF is connected across a 230V, 50Hz ac supply. Calculate:
(i) the impedance of the circuit
(ii) the current
(iii) power factor
(iv) active, reactive and apparent power of the circuit
(v) voltage across each element
(vi) resonant frequency
(vii) circuit current at resonance
(viii) Draw the phasor diagram

7. The equation of an alternating current is i= 62.35sin323t A. Determine its

(i) frequency (ii) maximum value (iii) rms value (iv) average value (v) form factor

8. A coil of resistance 2Ω and inductance 0.01H is connected in series with a capacitor across
200V mains. What must be the capacitance for maximum current at 25 Hz.

9. The equation for a voltage wave is v=0.02sin(4000t+30º)

Find (i) the frequency, (ii) the instantaneous voltage when t=320µsec, (iii) what is the time
represented by 30º phase difference.

10. A coil takes a current of 2A when connected to a 240V, 50 Hz alternating supply and
consumes 200W. Calculate the impedance, resistance and inductance of the coil.

11. A circuit takes a current of 3A at a power factor of 0.6 lagging when connected to a 115V,
50 Hz supply. Another one circuit takes a current of 5A at a power factor of 0.707 leading when
connected to the same supply when the first circuit is removed. If the two circuits are connected
in series across a 230V, 50 Hz supply, calculate:
(i) current drawn from the source, (ii) power consumed, (iii) the power factor of the circuit.
12. Find out the rms value and average value of the following waveforms

(i) half wave rectified sine wave

(ii) full wave rectified sine wave

(iii)

(iv)

(v)
13. Explain resonance in parallel RLC circuit with necessary circuit and phasor diagram.
Deduce the expression for resonance frequency of a parallel RLC circuit. Hence prove that the
current through the circuit at resonance is minimum.

14. A circuit consisting of branches A and B are connected in parallel across a 220V, 50Hz
supply.
Branch A: a resistance of 7Ω is in series with 0.0125H inductor.
Branch B: a resistance of 8Ω is in series with a capacitor of 1000µF.
Find: (i) current in each branch and the total current, (ii) power factor of each branch and the
overall power factor of the circuit, (iii) power consumption of each branch and overall power
taken from the source. Draw the phasor diagram.

15. An inductor of 0.5H inductance, and 90Ω resistance is connected in parallel with a 20µF
capacitor. A voltage of 230V, 50Hz is maintained across the circuit. Find: (i) current drawn by
each branch and total current, (ii) power factor of the circuit, (iii) total power taken from the
source.

16. Prove that the current through a pure inductor lags behind the applied alternating voltage
by 90˚. Also prove that the power consumed by a pure inductor is zero.

17. Prove that the current through a pure capacitor leads the applied alternating voltage by 90˚.
Also prove that the power consumed by a pure capacitor is zero.

18. Derive an expression of resonance frequency for the following parallel RLC circuit. Also
determine the impedance and admittance of the circuit under resonance condition.

19. Derive an expression of resonance frequency for the following parallel RLC circuit. Also
determine the impedance and admittance of the circuit under resonance condition.
20. Calculate the average and rms values the form factor and peak factor of a periodic current
wave having the following values for equal time intervals over half cycle, changing suddenly
from one value to the next: 0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 80, 60, 40, 0.

21. Calculate the average and rms values the form factor and peak factor of a periodic current
wave having the following values for equal time intervals over half cycle, changing suddenly
from one value to the next: 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 60, 50, 20, 10, 5, 0, -5, -10,-----.