National Institute of Technology, Trichy – 620015

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Degree: B.Tech (E.C.E) Semester: VII

Date: 06.12.2021 Question Set – A Time: 12.00 noon to 02.00 p.m.

Duration: 2 hours Total Marks: 30

End Semester Examination

ECPC28-Fiber Optic Communication
Answer all the questions
1. a. A light ray traveling in air is incident on a smooth, flat slab of crown glass, which has a refractive index
1.40. If the incoming ray makes an angle of 40.0° with respect to the normal, what is the angle of
refraction in the glass? [2]
b. Calculate the maximum transmission distance for a fiber link with an attenuation of 0.2dB/Km
if the power launched in 1mw and receiver sensitivity is 50µW. Calculate the attenuation for
another link with same parameters and distance of 26kms. [4]

2. a. A manufacturer’s data sheet states that a non-dispersion-shifted fiber has a zero-dispersion

wavelength of 1310 nm and a dispersion slope of 0.080 ps/(nm2.km). Compare the dispersions for this
fiber at wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1540 nm. [3]
b. A step index multimode optical fiber has a core radius of 25µm and cladding refractive index
of 1.45. If it has a limiting intermodal dispersion of 10nm/km, find its acceptance angle. Also
calculate the maximum possible data transmission rate that the fiber would support over a
distance of 20km. [3]

1
3. a. An LED has an intensity pattern given by 𝐼 (𝜃) = 2 𝑃0 cos⁡(𝜃). The LED is placed against the
𝜋𝑟
end of a large core optical fiber. Show that the amount of power coupled into an optical fiber is P=(NA)2
P0. Assume that all light with an angle less than the maximum acceptance angle of the fiber is coupled
into the fiber. [3]
b. You need to transmit data over an optical link of 100km with fiber loss of 0.2 dB/km. The link has five
splices with 0.05 dB loss per splice and two connectors with 0.2 dB/connector. The receiver sensitivity
is 20 µW. Express minimum power in both mW and dBm. [3]

4. a. A Si PIN diode with diameter of 0.5mm is to be used with a load resistance of 100 Ω. Estimate the
thickness of intrinsic region so that the diode response is improved. Obtain the corresponding
responsivity if the diode is provided with antireflection coating. Assume ε=10.4×10 -10 F/m and υd= 107
m/s. [4]
b. If the absorption coefficient of silicon is 0.05 mm–1 at 860 nm, find the penetration depth at which
P(x)/Pin= l/e = 0.368. [2]

5. The 1550-nm single-mode fiber link needs to operate at 622 Mb/s over 80 km without amplifiers. A
single-mode InGaAsP laser launches an average optical power of 13 dBm into the fiber. The fiber has a
loss of 0.35 dB/km, and there is a splice with a loss of 0.1 dB every kilometer. The coupling loss at the
receiver is 0.5 dB, and the receiver uses an InGaAs APD with a sensitivity of –39 dBm. Excess-noise
penalties are predicted to be 1.5 dB. Calculate an optical power budget for this link and find the system
margin. What is the system margin at 2.5 Gb/s with an APD sensitivity of –31 dBm? [6]

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