Assignment # 3

“Introduction to psychology”
PSY-101

Submitted to:
Sir Muneeb

Submitted by:
Laiba
Roll # (22014110-008)
Course Title:
“Introduction to psychology”

Course code:
PSY-101

University of Gujrat
Hafiz Hayat campus
Question # 1:
What is perception? Write a detailed note on Perception?
Answer:

Perception:
Perception is the identification and interpretation of sensory information to represent and
understand the presented information or environment. All perception involves signals that
travel through the nervous system, which in turn are the result of physical or chemical
stimulation of the sensory system. Perception has different processes.

• Cognitive process
• Gathering
• Grouping
• Interpretation

Cognitive process:
Cognitive is the process of cognition in which thinking of any stimuli, or a mental
process happens. There are two factors of perception.

• Subjective
• Objective

Objective:
Objective are the things which are universal. For example: “Sun set in West”. It is a universal
truth.

• Intensity
• Size
• Distinct
• Striking
• Movement
• Novelty
• Duration
• Reptation
• Abrupt change
 • Intensity:
The intensity of stimulus is objective and if it is changed it will get attention. The intensity
of any stimuli can be precibal or can get attention easily.
For Example:
If there is a bomb blast everyone will be attentive to that side or a thunderstorm.

• Size:
The size of anything that can be either small or large, can be precibal by the size.

For example:
If there is a short note of privacy policy, we will read it and if it is large, it will be
skipped.

• Distinct:
Distinct is the quality or more good-looking stimuli.
For example:
If there are two types of video games. One is better looking and has a high quality of image and
the other one is less than the first one. A stimulus will choose the higher quality game.

• Movement:
Movement of any stimuli in a peaceful environment will be easily precibal.
For example:
If anyone is sitting because of a game the one who will lose the game first and move
or stand up everyone will be attentive to that person.

• Novelty:
Novelty is the new thing in the environment which is precibal to everyone.

For example:
If there is a new café opened in university everyone will look at the new one instead of the old
one.

• Duration:
The duration of anything will be precibal easily.
For example:
If the duration of a movie is increased everyone will be precibal to every action.

• Repetition:
The repetition of something will be easily learned.
For example:

If there is an Ad on TV and it is repeated continuously. We will learn every reaction every

dialogue even the song or music behind Ad.

• Abrupt change:
Abrupt change is the sudden change in the stimuli from which everyone can be attentive.
For example:
If a person suddenly starts praying and avoiding sins, everyone will precibal to his reaction.

Subjective:
Subjective is varying from person to person. “Is Earth good or bad” It depends on person
thinking and is known as subjective.

• Motives and needs

• Interest and values
• Past Experience
• Age
• Preparatory set
• Social and culture

• Motives and needs:

The motives and needs of any stimuli like the thing which is according to our wills.
For example:
If I hate someone, I will only notice his bad behavior and not see his good side.

• Interest and values:

Interest of any stimuli in anything can be precibal by his action.
For example:
If I love biryani which is true, I will only give priority to biryani over other food.

• Past Experience:
Things happened in the past will be remembered forever.
For example:

If anyone cheated the other person will not trust anybody because of the past experience.

• Age:
The change in behavior or thinking due to age.
For example:
An old person thinks wisely as compared to an adult. If an adult person wishes to waste money
the old will stop him.

• Preparatory set:
Preparatory set is the life experience.

For example:
If a person daily listen to the noise of the traffic in front of his house will not react like
the newbie on the same house.

• Social and culture:

Social and culture of any area is different.
For example:
If a person in Pakistan loves shalwar kameez the other person from America feels it weird. `