8/30/2022
Introduction to Data, Information, database,
Grade XII Computer Science
Presented By: Subein Byanjankar
Data Redundancy: Redundancy means duplicate
of same data or data DBMS helps to reduce the
data redundancy by addressing the records into
unique identities.
Data inconsistency: In flat file system data values
may face minor or major changes while using the
values resulting in inconsistent values. DBMS
helps to reduce such inconsistencies.
Data Isolation: Isolation of data from the record
format is achieved in DBMS. In traditional file
system the data my be recorded using comas,
semi columns, tab spaces etc.
database systems and DBMS
Introduction to Field, Records, Objects, Keys
Understanding of advantages of DBMS
SQL languages: DML and DDL
Database Models
Concepts of Normalization
Centralized database vs Distributed Database
Database security
Accessing data: DBMS provides SQL
interface to flexibly retrieve the data based
on given criteria.
Integrity : DBMS assures compatibility and
integrity of data.
Ensure Atomicity :Ensuring that the
requirement of recording of data is atomic
and does not require more than one record
to describe a transaction.
1

Concurrent-access anomalies: DBMS
provides support for such concurrent
access without resulting in inconsistent
data.
Security : DBMS provides user accounts and
different authorization such as reading,
writing, creating, deleting, updating etc on
the data to different users.
Set of database language to perform different
activities on the database
Categorized as follows:
◦ DDL – Data Definition Language
◦ DQl – Data Query Language
◦ DML – Data Manipulation Language
◦ DCL – Data Control Language
DDL and DML are our major goals
8/30/2022
Investment:- Database system is required,
database server hardware and software is
required.
Technical and dedicated staff:- Database
administrator is required to manage database
management system.
Overhead - Maintain database system, update
in periodic basis and in new technologies.
Data definition language – deals with the definition of
the structure of the data base
Defines and maintains the database schema
CREATE – is used to create the database or its objects
(like table, index, function, views, store procedure and
triggers).
DROP – is used to delete objects from the database.
ALTER-is used to alter the structure of the database.
TRUNCATE–is used to remove all records from a table,
including all spaces allocated for the records are
removed.
COMMENT –is used to add comments to the data
dictionary.
RENAME –is used to rename an object existing in the
database.
2

Data manipulation language to manipulate
data in the database schema.
Perform tasks on the data of the database
tables.
SELECT – is used to retrieve data from the
database.
INSERT – is used to insert data into a table.
UPDATE – is used to update existing data
within a table.
DELETE – is used to delete records from a
database table.
8/30/2022
There are are many advantages of database
such as reducing redundancy, sharing data,
consistency, security etc
DBMS uses sql queries to perform different
activities in the database.
DML refers to Data manipulation Language
for retrieving, updating and deleting data.
DDL refers to Data definition language for
management of database schema forexample
creating, deleting, renaming, alter fields etc.