VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELGAUM, KARNATAKA-590 014

Internet of things (18CS81) Report on

“MULTI-POINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF

MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY”
In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted by
MUSKAAN KUMARI
(1SP19CS060)
Under the Guidance of
Prof. Sukesh H A
Professor, Department of CSE

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

S.E.A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

BENGALURU-560049
2022-23
 S.E.A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ANDTECHNOLOGY
BENGALURU-49
(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the technical seminar entitled “MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT

COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY” carried out by
MUSKAAN KUMARI(1SP19CS060), Bonafede student of S.E.A College Of Engineering &
Technology, in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer
Science and Engineering Department of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum
during the year 2022-2023 is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal
assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited in the department library. The
project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of
internship work prescribed for the said degree.

Mr. SUKESH H A Dr. B LOGANAYAGI

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Firstly, I thank the Management late SHRI A. KRISHANAPPA, Chairman of S E A College

of Engineering and Technology for providing necessary infrastructure and creating good
environment.

We would like to thank our respected Dr. BHAGAVANT K DESHPANDE, Director of SEA
College of Engineering and Technology for the encouragement and support given by him.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to S.E.A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE that provided me an opportunity in fulfilling my most
cherished desire of reaching the goal.

I am thankful to our principal Dr. B. VENKATA NARAYANA, who is responsible for creating
such a pleasant environment and appreciating my talent in both academic and extracurricular
activities.

I am thankful to Professor and HOD Dr. B LOGANAYAGI, Computer Science, who inspired
me in my work and stood for many of my work.

I whole-heartedly express my gratitude to my guide Mr. SUKESH H A who is responsible for

creating such a pleasant environment and appreciating my talent in both academic and extra-
curricular activities.

Lastly, I thank my parents, friends, lecturer and staff who provided me the much-needed moral
support while pursuing this project.

MUSKAAN KUMARI(1SP19CS060)
 ABSTRACT

Communication is the process of exchanging information from one point to another point. In
the networks the process of exchanging or transmitting the packets from one point to another
point i.e., source to destination is called communication. Internet of things is the present
emerging technology which is omnipresent term in wireless networks. In wireless networks a
greater number of sensors are deployed in the environment in order to get the information by
sensing the environmental conditions like pressure, temperature, proximity, humidity using the
sensors and the values are stored in the gateway and then transmit to the user.

Energy consumption is the primary aspect to reduce in order to increase the lifetime of the
sensors. MSP430 micro controller is using in the proposed approach which uses less power for
the transmission and security is also the major issue that is why the KLUSTER OS is used and
terminal is used as a software platform. By using the radio frequency waves the wireless
communication takes place. Two C-motes are going to communicate over the radio frequency
using MSP430 micro controller
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
NO. TITLE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 PROPOSED WORK 4

3 RESULT 8

4 CONCLUSION 9

5 REFERENCES 10
 FIGURES

SL.NO FIGURE TITLE PAGE.NO

1 BASIC ARCHITECTURE OF IOT 2

2 RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSMITTER 5

3 RADIO FREQUENCY RECEIVER 5

4 RECEIVER OUTPUT 8

5 SENDER OUTPUT 8
MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

An embedded system is a combination of software and hardware to realize a dedicated task.

Some of the main devices used in integrated products are microprocessor and microcontroller.
The microprocessors are known commonly like the processors of general use to simply accept
the earnings, process and to give the exit. In contrast, a microcontroller not only accepts the
information like earnings, but also it manipulates, information interfaces with diverse devices,
controls the information. Internet of the things (IOT) provides connectivity IP to several things
apart from computers of dessert, portable and mobile devices. The term "sew" it means any
physical parameter that can be detected and connected to Internet.

For example, a device of monitoring of the temperature and the moisture in certain place and
to re-transmit the information will turn in to a "thing" (IOT domain). IOT refers to the
interconnection of the things sensing the values capturing the data and produce the output. IOT
all together a new environment in which current Internet will be smartly utilized by all new
range of embedded connected things. IOT provides real time monitoring and control possible
for various applications. surveys the and stream research of IoT, key engaging advances, major
IoT applications in ventures, and perceives examine designs what's more, challenges. An
essential responsibility of this review paper is that it consolidates the present front line IoT in
organizations efficiently. Sensors are the building blocks of IOT which can collect parameters
and low power wireless embedded communication systems transmit information to gateway
devices.

Gateway device will make the parameters available over internet so that parameters are
globally accessible. Till now there is no dedicated network stack defined for IOT, as it is a
heterogeneous network of networks. The most popular protocols used for realization of IOT
are ZigBee and 6LoWPAN (IEEE 802.15.4), Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. IOT systems developed by
CDAC support lots of features which enables the researchers and students to explore different
aspects and develop various applications in IOT field. As IoT is a heterogeneous network of

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MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY

networks, CDAC's IoT lab kits comprising of Umbites, BLE motes, Wi-Fi Motes along with
Sensors and Gateway The communication modules developed will serve the purpose of
experimenting the real-world problems with the required sensor integration, they can be used
as a small development platform for connecting sensors for communicating data.

Fig. Basic Iot Architecture

1..1 IOT: CONCEPT AND DEFINITION

Internet of things IOT consists of two words Internet and Thing. The term things in IOT
refers to various IOT devices having unique identities and have capabilities to perform remote
sensing, actuating and live monitoring of certain sort of data. IOT devices are also enable to
have live exchange of data with other connected devices and application either directly or
indirectly, or collected data from other devices and process the data and send the data to various
servers. The other term internet is define as Global communication Network connecting
Trillions of computers across the planets enabling sharing of information .Thus the IOT can
be define as :”A dynamic Global Network Infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities
based on standard and inter operable communication to protocol where physical and virtual
things have identities, physical attributes ,and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces
and are seamlessly integrated into the information network ,often communicate data associated
with user and their environment.”

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MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY

An ideal IoT device consists of various interfaces for making connectivity to other devices
which can either be wired or wireless. IoT devices can be of various forms like wearable sensors,
smart watches, IoT smart home monitoring, IoT intelligent transport systems, IoT smart health
devices etc.

1.2 Different Embedded Platforms

• Hardware development platforms provide physical development boards for creating
IoT devices, including microcontrollers, microprocessors, Systems on Chip (SoC),
Systems on Module (SoM).

• App development platforms serve as an integrated development environment (IDE)

with tools and features for coding applications.

• Connectivity platforms provide communication technologies to connect physical

objects with the data center (on-premise or cloud) and transmit information between
them. Among popular connectivity protocols and standards for the Internet of Things are
MQTT, DDS, AMQP, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Cellular, Lora WAN and more.

• Analytics platforms use intelligent algorithms to analyze collected information and

transform it into actionable insights for customers.

• End-to-end IoT platforms cover all aspects of IoT products, from development and
connectivity to data management and visualization.

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CHAPTER 2
PROPOSED WORK
2.1 Aim

To study and analysis of the Wireless Communication of Motes over the radio
frequency through multi-point to single point in a network.

2.2 Objective

Point to multipoint (PMP) communication refers to communication that is

accomplished through a distinct and specific form of one-to-many vice-versa connections,
offering several paths from one single location to various locations. Single transmitter broad
casts message across multiple receivers using wireless communication of motes through RF
transmitter and receiver433 MH Zina network. Wireless communication is achieved.

2.3 Components Required

• Arduino UNO Transmitter (One)

• Arduino UNO Receiver1 (One)
• Arduino UNO Receiver2 (One)
• Arduino UNO USB Cables (Three)
• RF Receiver 433MHz (One)
• Connecting Wires (As Required)

2.4 Connections
• Sender Connection
Arduino Pins RF Transmitter

12V DATA

5V VCC

GND2 GND

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MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY

• Receiver Connection
Arduino Pins RF Receiver

12V DATA

5V VCC

GND2 GND

Fig. 1 Radio Frequency Transmitter

Fig. 2 Radio Frequency Receiver

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MULTIPOINT TO SINGLE POINT COMMUNICATION OF MOTE OVER THE RADIO FREQUENCY

2.5 Procedure

• Open the Arduino UNOIDE and create and save a sketch of Master transmitter
and receiver and receiver2 source code.
• Compile sketch of transmitter and receivers.

• Upload sketch through COM ports (COM4, COM3, COM5).

• See the output message on to the Serial monitor by using COM ports.

2.6 Source Code

#Source Code for Multiple Receivers

#include<RHASK.h>

#include <SPI.h> // Not actually used but

needed tocompileRHASK driver;
voidsetup()

Serial.begin(9600); //
Debugging
onlyif(!driver.init())
Serial.println("initfailed");

void loop()

uint8_tbuf[20];
uint8_tbuflen=siz
eof(buf);
if(driver.recv(buf,&buflen))//Non-blocking

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int i; // Message with a good checksum

received, dumpit.Serial.print("Message:");
Serial.println((char*)buf);

#Source Code of Transmitter

#include<RHASK.h>
#include <SPI.h> // Not actually used but
needed tocompileRH_ASKdriver;
voidsetup()

voidloop()

const char *msg="Welcome to

IoT
Laboratory";driver.send((uint8_t
*)msg,
strlen(msg));driver.waitPacketSe
nt();
Serial.println("Sender:SendingD
ata ......................................................... ");
delay(1000);

2.7 Applications

PMP wireless networks are employed in distribution amenities, huge corporate campuses,
school districts, public safety applications, etc.

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CHAPTER 3
RESULT

Fig 3. Receiver Output

Fig.4 Sender Output

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CONCLUSION

Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that has changes the traditional way of living into
a high-tech lifestyle. Smart city, smart homes, pollution control, energy saving, smart
transportation, smart industries are such transformations due to IoT. A lot of crucial research
studies and investigations have been done in order to enhance the technology through IoT.
However, there are still a lot of challenges and issues that need to be addressed to achieve the
full potential of IoT. These challenges and issues must be considered from various aspects of
IoT such as applications, challenges, enabling technologies, social and environmental impacts,
etc. The main goal is to look at IoT from both technological and social perspective. Discussing
different challenges and key issues of IoT, architecture and important application domains is
the need of the day.

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REFERENCE

1. Philips Semiconductor “I2C Bus Specification” version 2 1, January 2000.

2. Xilinx “Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA Starter Kit Board User Guide,” version 1.1,2008.

3. A.P.Godse, D.A.Godse, “Microprocessor, Microcontroller & Applications”

Technical

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