THE TEACHING PROFESSION

TOPIC 1: THE PROFESSIONAL TEACHER

ETHICAL TEACHER ( CODE OF ETHICS )

1. STATE
 Love of country, Filipino identity and non partisan

2. COMMUNITY
 Educational leader, good relationship with community leaders and free of
vices.

3. PARENTS
 Keeps them informed of school performance and tactful and sympathetic

4. LEARNERS
 Evaluate students based on scholarship and no favoritism

5. OTHER TEACHERS

e cordial and collegial. Give credit to whom credit is due.

6. SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS
 Supportive of legitimate policies, complains out in the open, does not engage
in worker strike, accepts promotion based on merit and needs.
COMPETENT TEACHER

 Possesses mastery of subject matter and equipped with appropriate teaching

methods

 Creates appropriate learning environments

 Provides for the diversity of learners

 Implements and plans curricula

 Chooses the right assessment tools

 Establishes community linkages

 Pursues personal and professional development

THE 4 PILLARS OF EDUCATION

1. Learning to Know
2. Learning to Do
3. Learning to Live Together
4. Learning to Be

TOPIC 2: HISTORICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION

PRE COLONIAL PERIOD / EARLY FILIPINOS

 Medium of instructions that was used: Alibata, the native alphabet.
 Educators / Teachers: Babaylan and Katalonan
 Type of Education: Beliefs and Tradition
 The fathers trained their son in how to hunt and other means of maintaining a
livelihood
 The mothers were in charge of the girls and instructing on household chores
 Both Filipino men and women knew how to read and write using the their own
alphabet called Alibata that was composed of 17 symbols representing the
 letters of the alphabet. The symbols contained three vowels and the rest were
consonants.

EDUCATION – SPANISH PERIOD

 The system was changed into a formal system

 The establishment of schools from the primary level to the tertiary level
education came about all because of the religious congregations.
 Christian doctrines was the main focus of the schools and the schools for boys
and girls were separate.
 Only wealthy Filipinos or the illustrados were accommodated by the schools.
 Education / Teachers: Friars and Missionaries
 The public school system was born in 1863 with the passage of the Education
Reform Act in the Spanish Courts.
 Due to the compulsory education of Filipino children, separate school for boys
and girls were established in every pueblo.
 The sole responsibility of the missionaries, aside from teaching Christianity was
to maintain the rules and regulations imposed on the students.
 As the early part of the 17th century approached, the priests and the monks
worked together with the civil authorities and they began to create a network of
primary schools whereby both religious and secular subjects were taught.
 Inequality in attaining education:
- The higher priority for educational attainment was placed on men rather than
on women.

- Although the Mestizos and wealthy people enjoyed the privileges of entering
prestigious schools, there were only vocational schools for women.

 Colegio de San Ignacio was the first college schools for boys in Manila in 1580
while Colegio de Santa Potenciana is the first school and college for the girls in
1589.
Educational Decree 1863

The Decree of Education in 1863 established the first ever educational system in the
Philippines. It required the government to provide school institutions for boys and girls
in every town. Given the situation, the Spanish schools started accepting Filipino
students. It was during the time that the Intellectual Filipinos emerged. This also
brought about the establishment of the Normal Schools which gave more opportunity to
the Filipinos to attain a sound education. The Normal Schools offered a three year
teacher lead education at the primary level.

EDUCATION – AMERICAN PERIOD

 With the motive of the Americans to spread their cultural values, specifically the
English language to the Filipino people, education become a very important issue
for United States colonial government.
 Every child from age seven was obliged to register at the nearest school and
school supplies were provided to the students for free.
 Levels of education were divided into three: Elementary, Secondary and College
 Volunteer American soldiers were the first teachers of the Filipino
 If students excelled academically they were given a chance to continue their
studies and to pursue their expertise in the chosen fields of profession in the
United States.
 In accordance with the 1935 Constitution, free education in public schools all
over the country was provided by the Commonwealth. Nationalism was
emphasized in schools, teaching students about the deceased Filipino heroes.
 Cooking, farming, sewing and some household activities together with vocational
education were given importance.

EDUCATION – JAPANESE PERIOD

 During the time of Japanese, the teaching of Tagalog, Philippine History and
Character Education were observed in schools.
 Passion for work and dignity of labor was stressed.
 Performers such as singers and dancers were brought to the Philippines
together with painters, singers and scholars so that the Filipinos would acquire
inspiration, love, sympathy and the cooperation among them.
 Embodied in the Military Order No. 2 in 1942, they spelled out the basic principle
and guidelines of education in reopening and operating schools. These were the
following:
- To enrich the Filipino culture and to stop patronizing western countries
- To recognize that the Philippines is a part of the Greater East Asia Co
Prosperity Sphere so that the PH and Japan could have good relation.
- To boost the morality of the Filipinos and instill cautiousness of materialism
- To forget and to stop English language learning and instead learn and adopt
‘Nippongo”.
- To proliferate primary and vocational education
- To foster love for work

EDUCATION – PRESENT PERIOD IN THE PH

 Medium of Instructions: English

 Schools: Public ( government ) and Private ( non government )
 Preparatory / Primary: Nursery, Kinder and Prep
 Primary: Grade 1 – 6 ( 6 years)
 Secondar: Grades 7-10 ( 4 yrs ) / Senior High School: Grades 11-12 ( 2 years)
 College: 4 years but 5 years rarely and in some cases, 8 years for medical and
law school.
 2 or more years are added for graduate schooling or schooling for advance
study, mainly offered to those who have already attained a bachelor’s degree.
 Education is for everyone regardless of class and gender
 Public schools in basic level education are not money oriented.
PHILOSOPHIES