Describe in detail. Be sure to include images and APA references.

1. How many types of organisms are present?

8.7 million species

(2022). National geographic.

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/biodiversity

2. What is an organism?

An organism refers to a living thing that has an organized structure, can react to stimuli,

reproduce, grow, adapt, and maintain homeostasis. 

(2022). Biology Online. https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/organism

3. What do you mean by unicellular organisms?

Cells function differently in unicellular and multicellular organisms. A unicellular organism
depends upon just one cell for all of its functions while a multicellular organism has cells
specialized to perform different functions that collectively support the organism.

(2022). National Geographic.

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/unicellular-vs-multicellular

4. Explain nucleus.

A nucleus, as related to genomics, is the membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that

contains the chromosomes. An array of holes, or pores, in the nuclear membrane allows
for the selective passage of certain molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acids) into and
out of the nucleus.

(2021). Genome. https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Nucleus

5. Describe a nuclear membrane.

The nuclear membrane, also called the nuclear envelope, is a double membrane layer that
separates the contents of the nucleus from the rest of the cell. It is found in both animal
and plant cells.
(2020). Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/nuclear-membrane/

6. What is Chromosome?

A chromosome is a string of DNA wrapped around associated proteins that give the
connected nucleic acid bases a structure.

(2020). https://biologydictionary.net/?s=chromosome

7. What is Nucleotide?

Nucleotide Definition A nucleotide is an organic molecule that is the building block of DNA
and RNA. They also have functions related to cell signalling.

(2020). https://biologydictionary.net/?s=nucleotide

8. What is organelle?

The term organelle is derived from the word ‘organ’ and refers to compartments within
the cell that perform a specific function in the cell.
(2020) https://biologydictionary.net/?s=organelle

9. What are two types of endoplasmic reticulum?

There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)
and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER). Both types are present in plant and
animal cells.

(2019). BSCB. https://bscb.org/learning-resources/softcell-e-learning/endoplasmic-

reticulum-rough-and-smooth/#:~:text=There%20are%20two%20types%20of,in%20plant
%20and%20animal%20cells.

10. What is the difference between a cell wall and cell membrane?

The cell wall is present only in plants and the cell membrane is present in every living
organism including plants. Present only in plants and in some fungi, bacteria, algae.
Present in all types of cells, in humans, animals, plants, bacteria, etc.
(2020). BYJUS. https://byjus.com/biology/cell-wall-and-cell-membrane/#:~:text=Difference
%20between%20Cell%20Wall%20and%20Cell%20Membrane,-One%20of%20the&text=The
%20cell%20wall%20is%20present%20only%20in%20plants%20and%20the,every%20living
%20organism%20including%20plants.&text=Present%20only%20in%20plants%20and
%20in%20some%20fungi%2C%20bacteria%2C%20algae,%2C%20plants%2C%20bacteria
%2C%20etc.

11. What are the plastids in plant cells and give any reason for function in plant cells?

Plastids are double-membrane organelles which are found in the cells of plants and algae.
Plastids are responsible for manufacturing and storing of food. These often contain
pigments that are used in photosynthesis and different types of pigments that can change
the colour of the cell.

(2020). BYJUS. https://byjus.com/biology/plastids/#:~:text=Plastids%20are%20double-

membrane%20organelles,the%20colour%20of%20the%20cell.