UNITY UNIVERSITY KERANYO CAMPUS

Faculty of Business and Economics

Department of Marketing Management N5

E-Marketing Group Assignment
Title: Ashewa Technologies

Group name……………………………………………………ID

1.Ekram Ebrahim…………………………………………………00498

2.Marta Asefa………………………………………………………00539

3.Nejat Ahmed…….….……………………………………………00413

4.Semira Awel…….……………………………………………….00482

5.Bereket Haile…………………………………………………….00556

6.Natnael Shebre………………………………………………….00410

Submitted to: - Daniel.S

Date Of Submission: - April 2020

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 Contents
What is ecommerce.....................................................................................................................2

What is an ecommerce website...............................................................................................2

How does ecommerce work....................................................................................................2

Steps to starting an ecommerce business................................................................................3

What are the types of ecommerce...........................................................................................3

Where and how does ecommerce take place..........................................................................4

M-commerce...........................................................................................................................4

Enterprise ecommerce.............................................................................................................4

Social media ecommerce........................................................................................................4

Social media can help to:........................................................................................................4

Back Ground of the Organization...........................................................................................5

Ashewa technologies company (Ashewa.com)......................................................................5

Establishment..........................................................................................................................5

What drives ashewa technologies...........................................................................................6

The term ‘Ashewa’ entails......................................................................................................7

Logo of the company..............................................................................................................7

Service delivered by ashewa...................................................................................................8

Services delivered by Ashewa................................................................................................9

1.Mobile App........................................................................................................................10

2.Branding and positioning...................................................................................................10

Front end and Back-end design of Ashewa..........................................................................11

Overview of Front end and Back-end design of Ashewa.....................................................11

Frontend................................................................................................................................11

Backend.................................................................................................................................12

Frontend design of Ashewa...................................................................................................12

React Java script....................................................................................................................13

Flutter....................................................................................................................................13

Backend design of Ashewa...................................................................................................13

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 NodeJS..................................................................................................................................14

PHP.......................................................................................................................................14

MySql....................................................................................................................................14

API........................................................................................................................................14

Customers; types/needs to Satisfy.........................................................................................14

The ways in which Ashewa satisfies the needs of its customer............................................15

Infrastructures of Ashewa.....................................................................................................15

Networking /Cloud computing..............................................................................................16

The contribution of Ashewa Vs Traditional Platform..........................................................16

Limitation of Ashewa Technologies.....................................................................................17

Limitation of E- commerce Business....................................................................................17

Some limitations of E- Commerce........................................................................................17

1. Huge technological cost....................................................................................................17

2.Security..............................................................................................................................17

3. Employee cost...................................................................................................................17

4. Huge advertising cost........................................................................................................17

6. Warehousing cost..............................................................................................................18

Limitation of Ashewa technologies..........................................................................................18

Challenges of Ashewa Technologies........................................................................................18

Recommendations.....................................................................................................................19

Conclusion................................................................................................................................20

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What is ecommerce

"Ecommerce" or "electronic commerce" is the trading of goods and services on the internet. It
is your bustling city center or brick-and-mortar shop translated into zeroes and ones on the
internet superhighway. An estimated 2.14 billion people worldwide buy goods and services
online, and the number of Prime members shopping Amazon stores globally now tops 200
million.

Ecommerce is one way people buy and sell things in retail. Some companies sell products
online only, while other sellers use ecommerce as a part of a broader strategy that includes
physical stores and other distribution channels. Either way, ecommerce allows startups, small
businesses, and large companies to sell products at scale and reach customers across the
world.

What is an ecommerce website

An ecommerce website is your digital storefront on the internet. It facilitates the transaction
between a buyer and seller. It is the virtual space where you showcase products, and online
customers make selections. Your website acts as the product shelves, sales staff, and cash
register of your online business channel.

Businesses might create a branded store experience on a store like Amazon, build their own
commerce site on a dedicated domain, or do it all for a multi-channel approach.

What is an ecommerce business

An ecommerce business is a company that generates revenue from selling products or services
online. For example, an ecommerce company might sell software, apparel, housewares, or
web design services. You can run an ecommerce business from a single website or through
multiple online channels like social media and email.

How does ecommerce work

Ecommerce works by connecting buyers and sellers using various electronic channels. For
example, you need a channel, such as a website or social media, so customers can find
products and services to purchase. Then a payment processor enables the exchange of the
goods or services. Once the transaction succeeds, the customer receives a confirmation email
or SMS, and a printable receipt.

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If the transaction is for goods, then the seller ships the items and sends the customer a
tracking number via email or SMS. If the transaction is for a service, then the service provider
can reach out to schedule and complete the service.

Steps to starting an ecommerce business

The steps to starting an ecommerce business can vary depending on factors like what you
want to sell. For example, if you're selling services, then there’s no need to manage inventory
or fulfillment. However, if you want to sell products online, then inventory and fulfillment
will likely play a critical part in your operations.

Here are some steps you can follow to get started: -

 Research business ideas

 Make sure there’s demand for the products you want to sell
 Determine how you'll sell and ship products to customers
 Find suppliers and manufacturers
 Choose which online channels you'll sell through (e.g., an Amazon store)
 Create a website or online storefront and upload products
 Create a plan for your fulfillment strategy
 Begin attracting customers with promotions

What are the types of ecommerce

Ecommerce takes as many different forms as there are various ways to shop online channels.
A few common business models that shape the world of ecommerce are:

 B2C – Businesses sell to individual consumers (end-users). The most common model
with many variations.
 B2B – Businesses sell to other businesses. Often the buyer resells products to the
consumer.
 C2B – Consumers sell to businesses. C2B businesses allow customers to sell to other
companies.
 C2C – Consumers sell to other consumers. Businesses create online marketplaces that
connect consumers.
 B2G – Businesses sell to governments or government agencies.
 C2G – Consumers sell to governments or government agencies.
 G2B – Governments or government agencies sell to businesses.

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  G2C - Governments or government agencies sell to consumers

Where and how does ecommerce take place

Online shopping evolves and shifts daily. People shop from their computers, phones, tablets,
and other devices. They patronize websites, visit social media pages, and participate in
thriving virtual channels. Here’s an overview of three distinct methods of conducting
ecommerce today.

M-commerce

Online transactions that take place on mobile devices are known as mobile commerce or “m-
commerce.” With portable devices in the hands of consumers worldwide, it's no wonder m-
commerce is anticipated to account for over 43% of total retail ecommerce sales in 2023 (up
almost two percent from 2022).

Many people now do their product research and online purchasing through their phones. This
trend shows no signs of slowing, so it’s essential to optimize your online store for mobile.

Enterprise ecommerce

Enterprise ecommerce is the buying and selling of products to large companies or

organizations. If a large business sells many different types of products or has multiple brand
lines and transitions into selling online, then it is participating in enterprise ecommerce.

Social media ecommerce

Social media can help you market and promote ecommerce stores to a broad audience. Just as
social media enables you to connect with friends and family, it also has the potential to attract
customers to your business. Done well, social media marketing engages customers in an
informal setting.

Social media can help to:

Attract new customers

Build brand awareness

Generate online sales

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Back Ground of the Organization

Ashewa technologies company (Ashewa.com)

Establishment

Initially Ashewa Technology Solution S.C was founded by the young visionary, Daniel
Bekele and his 5 friends in May 2020 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Currently Ashewa has a total of
12 Board members, hundreds of shareholders and 52 trained professionals. Daniel has got the
access to actively engage in the market from an early age. The town is best known for its
active trade practices, which gives him a chance to intimately engage in the process of
transaction.

This coupled with the fact that he come from a farmer and merchant family has resulted in
him being grown to be a very fond of the market & many would say he excelled in the
market. But for Daniel, what resonates more was the community that has come together
around the market with strong binding values. Those people were trusting, dependable and
real hard-working folks, who genuinely believe in each other and in the market.

The faith and trust those communities instilled in him at such a young age is a motive he
holds up today, to live up to his highest potentials, because their unbreakable faith has created
a real sense of belonging in him. He inherited that unwavering trust and brings it to Ashewa
abundantly, and builds a company, a team and a community based on that value.

Yet, despite making a lot of money for his age, it didn’t take him a long time to understand
the limitation in the local trade. Most of the trade activity was limited to labor, short distance
and small networks which makes it difficult to upscale and exhausting at the same time. A
problem identified in most parts of the country at the time.

He quickly realized that there is a lack of infrastructure and reliable system. And this
realization got him into a thorough journey. A journey that involves a lot of reading, traveling,
and training filled with trail and failure. Before settling on E-commerce, he has gotten in to
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different online business ventures. Of the things he gathers from the ineffective online
business in Ethiopia, lack of reliable payment system, and a limited digital access are the
main points.

However, the actual turning point of his pursues was his experience in Jumia, Kenya. After
working and studying in neighboring Kenya, Daniel comes back to Ethiopia, this time with a
solution, a solution that attempts to transform trade and market transaction in Ethiopia as well
as in Africa.

Then he founded Ashewa PLC, an E-commerce platform. The new platform has demonstrated
a high performance in a very short time, in 8 months to be specific. The performance was
88% higher than other e-commerce platforms in Ethiopia. The high-performance proofs that
there is a high demand and huge potential for digital economy. What was lost was a reliable
and organized platform. Its right there Ashewa decides to be a share company and invest a
huge resource in order to solve real Ethiopian problems through large scale technological
solutions.

And it takes its story to be a story of resilience, because Ashewa is born out of a dire need for
change. they make it their own purpose to create the platform for young talents. It is intended
to put an end for poverty, migration and death. In time the youth should no more lost on the
desert in search of a better life. The company choose to nurture innovation, water talents,
empower individual and discover potentials through various means such us job creation,
training, E-learning and collaboration, so that it builds the future together.

Ashewa is paving a path for technological breakthrough, a breakthrough that establishes the
structure for transformational economy. By that it means they are reclaiming the ancient
heritages and economical victory through what it calls technological resilience and
transformational leadership.

What drives ashewa technologies

As a company that strives to bring the change it wants to see ‘What leads to a life of impact
and purpose?’ is one of the questions they ask more often here.

It has a purpose driven professional, who are concerned about their legacy. they are a group
of different people that comes together for the same noble cause, changing society for the
better. As pioneers they are in a mission to change the world. And as a giver they want to
engage in a venture that directly improves the life of others.

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The term ‘Ashewa’ entails

Another thing to talk about here in Ashewa is the name and the value it entails. And the term
Ashewa embodies a twofold significance.

One it simply refers to the most crucial substance of human civilization. It’s fascinating how
they don’t think about it more often but sand is one of the most consumed natural resources
after water and air. In fact, the story of sand is a story of civilization because the whole
humanity and its advancement are built upon it.

‘Every concrete building and paved road on Earth, every computer screen and silicon chip, is
made from sand (Ashewa). From Egypt's pyramids to the Hubble telescope, from the world's
tallest skyscraper to the sidewalk below it, from Chartres' stained-glass windows to your
iPhone, sand shelters us, empowers us, engages us, and inspires us. It's the ingredient that
makes possible our cities, our science, our lives–and our future.’

Yes, sands have been continuously used to build an entire civilization and plays a crucial role
in sustaining the very existence, but if we never put them together in the first place, we
couldn’t be able to see what their sums would bring to life. Yeah, as far as it sounds humanity
would have missed an accomplishment so fascinating, a statue, and a world full of wonder.
Their significance lies in their very nature to form alliance.

Here is to say, by deciding to name our company ‘Ashewa’ which is the Amharic equivalent
of sand we are paying a tribute to this particular quality of a collaboration sprit and envision
the distinct feature it embraces. Now you know what Ashewa embraces right? Yeah, Ashewa
embraces utter collaboration and team work.

The second fold is more of a strategy and impact inclined term and in this particular regard
ashewa stands for ‘Association Strategically for Higher and Easygoing Wealth in Africa’.

Logo of the company

The logo of the company is a combination of green, yellow and red. The green color makes a
symbol of love: and in yellow and Red People in the community are seen working hard and
looking up to heights. This is an indication of when we are moving forward together, victory
takes care of itself.

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Ashewa Technology solution S.C is established to bring innovative solutions to the existing
problems. It plays a significant role to fight against poverty, through making a significant
contribution to the country’s GDP. Pioneering in E-commerce, E-learning, E-payment and
logistics Ashewa is legally registered to operate in a total of eleven technological sectors.

Ashewa allocates its highest investment of 160 million birr to the highly anticipated E-
commerce platform, Ashewa.com. Ashewa.com is officially launched on October 19th 2021
and it aims to simplify global market chain for local business and transactions.

It’s with the utmost delight we tell you that, Ashewa moves with innovation and rely on
young talents to make a significant, lasting and holistic contribution to the fight we have
against poverty. We earnestly believe that ‘whoever has the youth has the future’. And that’s
why we work to mobilize the youth.

Ashewa is building the system and creating the platform that potentially plays the vital role in
ensuring a stable and sustainable digital economy in Ethiopia. A year in to its establishment,
Ashewa manages to mobilize a huge resource, and continues to actively engage in a real,
large-scale technological transformation.

Less than two years into its establishment Ashewa Technology already manages to mobilize a
huge resource and potential. In fact, one of its first creations Ashewa.com has been officially
launched and started operation on October 19, 2021.

Ashewa Technology has sold more than 180-million-birr worth of share with a total of 12
Board members, hundreds of shareholders and 52 trained professionals. As a company that
started operating with only two people, The GM and his Assistant, in a very limited space and
limited resource, what we have accomplished to date is a testimony of how far we are going
to go.

Since its foundation, Ashewa has built a massive niche and group of people, when that comes
to down that niche helps Ashewa to obtains a total of over 4 million monthly official visitors
in its marketplace, Ashewa.com, and other social media channels that the company runs and
operates by itself.

Service delivered by ashewa

Ashewa Technology Solution S.C/ATS S.C/Own and Operates Ashewa.com. The Platform’s
major Mission is to help SMEs/small business and to make Shopping easy, affordable, and

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reliable by Connecting Customers directly With Manufacturers Without the use of
unnecessary middlemen

ashewa.com Facilities D2C/direct-to-customers Transactions With a wide range of domestic

and international buyers and Suppliers as Well as their Various Products and Categories. It is
an end-to-end marketplace that enables the Shipment and delivery of Packages from Sellers to
Consumers and a Payment Service that Speeds Up Transactions between Parties.

By generating Value through entrepreneurship and innovation, Ashewa.com Contributes to

Society. It is Customer-Focused, and the Program is for those who want to live a more
easygoing and happier life while Simultaneously Contributing to their Communities by
Conducting business wherever and wherever they desire. It aspires to be the most significant
trading Platform in the World, Serving millions of buyers and Sellers.

Services delivered by Ashewa

Ashea technologies(ashewa.com) works as a bridge between seller companies and buyer and
it is a platform which will connect the marketing of all goods such as

1.clothes

2.electronic devices

3.apartment and houses

4.cars and vehicles

5.different agricultural products

6.machines and other good

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Mainly in two ways services offered by ashewa technology solution share company

1.Mobile App

We have the best professional software developers on staff, all of whom have hands-on
experience with the various tools and technologies required to create high-quality software.
We excel in agile software development methodology and use vigorous software testing tools
to check the quality of the product before delivering it to our clients, depending on the type of
software to be built.

Ashewa has carved a niche for itself by providing high-quality, end-to-end mobile and web
app development services to clients from various business verticals. We create web and
mobile apps that mitigate risk factors and provide an exceptional user experience using our
innovative and technology-driven approach. With over 5+ years of experience and more than
15+ project accomplishments, it takes great pride in providing our clients with out-of-the-box
custom app development services. We have earned our esteemed clients' trust and respect
through complete transparency and professionalism.

2.Branding and positioning

Company branding and automations services

Re-branding and re-engineering using a consultative approach. We can assist you in obtaining
high-quality business solutions that provide a solid foundation upon which to build future
plans and goals, resulting in potential business growth.

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Front end and Back-end design of Ashewa

Overview of Front end and Back-end design of Ashewa

Frontend

Front end development is a style of computer programming that focuses on the coding and
creation of elements and features of a website that will then be seen by the user. It’s about
making sure the visual aspects of a website are functional. You can also think of front end as
the “client side” of an application. So, let’s say you’re a front-end developer. This means your
job is to code and bring to life the visual elements of a website. You’d be more focused on
what the user sees when they visit a website or app. And, you’d want to make sure the site is
easy to interact with while also running smoothly. These developers take the visual designs
from UX and UI designers and bring the website to life, making sure it functions well for the
user. One of the many ways you could use front end skills is in creating a static website,
which is a website with fixed content that’s delivered to a user’s browser exactly as it’s
stored. You might run into a static website if you happen upon a simple landing page or a
small business website that doesn’t allow users to perform any interactive tasks.

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Backend

Back-end development focuses on the side of the website users can’t see. It’s what makes a
site interactive. You can also refer to the back end as the “server side” of a website. For
instance, let’s say you’re running a social media website. You need an accessible place to
store all of your users’ information. This storage center is called a database and a few widely
used examples include Oracle, SQL Server, and MySQL. Databases are run from a server,
which is essentially a remote computer. A back-end developer will help manage this database,
as well as the site contents stored on it. This ensures that front end elements on your social
media website can continue to function properly as users browse uploaded content and other
user profiles. While users do not directly interact with the back end of a website, they’ll
indirectly interact with elements these developers work on through a front-end application.
Back-end development deals with storing and arranging data while also ensuring the front end
is functioning well. The backend is also known as the server-side of a website or application.
It organizes and stores data, as well as ensuring that everything on the client side of the
website functions properly. While the backend doesn't interact with users directly, it plays an
indispensable role behind the scenes by adding key functionality to a site. Without a clean and
proper backend, the frontend won’t work properly. So, even though you don’t directly interact
with the backend as with the frontend, are indirectly in contact with all the processes that
happen on the backend.

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Frontend design of Ashewa

Ashewa delivery Application is developed by combining react JavaScript and flutter, these
two basic front-end tools are implemented on Ashewa Delivery Application.

React Java script

React JavaScript is one of the main frontend enhancements used by Ashewa application
frontend development React JavaScript the React.js framework is an open-source JavaScript
framework and library developed by Facebook. It’s used for building interactive user
interfaces and web applications quickly and efficiently with significantly less code than you
would with vanilla

JavaScript. In React, you develop your applications by creating reusable components that you
can think of as independent Lego blocks. These components are individual pieces of a final
interface, which, when assembled, form the application’s entire user interface. Reacts primary
role in an application is to handle the view layer of that application just like the V in a
modelview-controller (MVC) pattern by providing the best and most efficient rendering
execution.

Flutter

Flutter is one of the Frontend developments of Ashewa delivery Application. Flutter is mainly
for making Ashewa Delivery application high quality on computers and mobile phones,
besides making it easier to use the application. Flutter uses the Dart programming language, a
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modern, object-oriented language created by Google. Through its support for native and web
development, as well as its use of powerful tools like the Flutter SDK, App Engine, and
Firebase, Dart makes it easy to quickly build high-quality mobile apps with Flutter. Flutter is
made as a cross-platform SDK that can be used to build frontend and backend applications in
a variety of programming languages, including Dart, Java, C/C++, and more. Its powerful
framework and tools make it easy to quickly build high-quality mobile apps for any purpose.

Backend design of Ashewa

The backend design of Ashewa Delivery application mainly deals with the database service
between the databases services between the application users and the organizations which
allows the information between the application and the users to be converted into the
database. Ashewa delivery application NodeJS, PHP and MySQl to creat an API that allows
to creat a database between the user and Ashewa application. This has been implemented in
the Ashewa application.

NodeJS

NodeJs is an open-source cross-platform runtime environment for executing JavaScript code

outside of a browser. It's important to mention that NodeJS isn't a framework or a
programming language by itself. At Lizard Global, our developers use NodeJS to create
backend services such as APIs, web apps, and mobile apps.

PHP

PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is known as a general-purpose scripting language that can be

used to develop dynamic and interactive websites. It was among the first server-side
languages that could be embedded into HTML, making it easier to add functionality to web
pages without needing to call external files for data.

MySql

Databases are the essential data repository for all software applications. For example,
whenever someone conducts a web search, logs in to an account, or completes a transaction, a
database system is storing the information so it can be accessed in the future.

API

API stands for Application Programming Interface. In the context of APIs, the word
Application refers to any software with a distinct function. Interface can be thought of as a

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contract of service between two applications. This contract defines how the two communicate
with each other using requests and responses.

Customers; types/needs to Satisfy

Ashewa has customers of all groups and Ashewa is constantly innovating to meet the needs of
its customer. Ashewa customer’s bases falls in three main categories, including; customers
who regularly transact using the Ashewa application are billed as those who don’t use the
application regularly to transact.

New customers: - As a Ashewa is an online store, new customers are constantly added, and
according to the company’s data, the number of new customers has been increasing since
2012.

Existing Customers: - these customers are the main customers of Ashewa and have been
there since the company started its work, and these customers are the customers who use the
Ashewa application regularly and get different service from application. Ashewa is offering
free delivery service to these customers including separate packages.

Occasional customers: - Another part of the customers who use Ashewa application are the
customers who do not use the Ashewa application occasionally, and these customers are
mainly middle-aged customers.

The ways in which Ashewa satisfies the needs of its customer

Ashewa has been making various improvements at different times to meet the need of its
customers. Ashewa has made the E-commerce business in our country Ethiopia grow
significantly. In order to satisfy the need of the customers, Ashewa has been doing different
things by making different improvements on the application and spreading the application to
all the Ethiopians. An example of this is Ashewa global. Ashewa global is serving its
customers outside of Ethiopia through its branches. In addition to this, Ashewa is satisfying
the needs of its customers by increasing the services it provides to its customers from time to
time.

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Infrastructures of Ashewa

Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute
specific tasks. It is the opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a
computer. Software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that
run on a device. It can be thought of as the variable part of a computer, while hardware is the
invariable part. One of the basic marketing software used by Ashewa is the Ashewa
application, which is one of the e-commerce software that the company has. The Ashewa
application primarily accepts customer order, and the application also collects customer
information it involves organizing files. This software contains a number of database and
communication systems.

Networking /Cloud computing

cloud networking is a type of IT infrastructure in which some or all of an organization’s

network capabilities and resources are hosted in a public or private cloud platform, managed
in-house or by a service provider, and available on demand.

Companies can either use on-premises cloud networking resources to build a private cloud
network or use cloud-based networking resources in the public cloud, or a hybrid cloud
combination of both. These network resources can include virtual routers, firewalls, and
bandwidth and network management software, with other tools and functions available as
required. Networking is at the core of Ashewa infrastructures. Networking or cloud
computing mainly collects customers data and provides data services including passwords to
customers from the time customers register to use the application. The Ashewa Networking
system handles the process of recording orders from the moment customers place an order.
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The contribution of Ashewa Vs Traditional Platform

The Ashewa e-commerce application has its own weaknesses compared to previous
traditional marketing platform, but it has a wide range of positive effects compared to
traditional marketing platform. Nowadays, it is becoming a highly valued assets, so the
creation of an application that can deliver what customers have order from wherever they are,
such as Ashewa is considered a great solution. In the traditional platform the transaction
system that the customers commonly used required a lot of time and money, which prevented
customers from doing their transaction from wherever they wanted. These leads to a huge
waste of time for the user of traditional platform, compared to modern platform system such
as Ashewa. Among the many businesses process provided by Ashewa, enabling customers to
do business on their mobile phone at any time and place is a major contribution to the modern
e commerce system. Among the other activities that Ashewa has contributed, it is mainly
mentioned that Ashewa has created more job opportunities for the youth and Ashewa has
made good contribution to modernize the business sector by providing high income to the
Government.

Limitation of Ashewa Technologies

Limitation of E- commerce Business

Nowadays, everything is available online, from a toothbrush to LED TV. E-commerce has
become a new trend and is the future. However, starting an online business is not everyone’s
cup of tea. It requires immense hard work and a strong business sense. It involves product
sourcing as well.

Some limitations of E- Commerce

1. Huge technological cost

Since everything is online, it requires the use of creative resources and also a large amount of
investment. The costs have become very high due to an excessive 4G and 5G data usage for
online work. Also, a huge investment is required for using advanced and high-speed internet

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connectivity. Advanced technology has given the business better productivity, posing an
advantage in the long run.

2.Security

This is one of the most common issues that many e-commerce businesses and customers face.
There are not many websites that are not capable of authenticating transactions nor have those
features. This may lead to numerous fraudulent activities and threaten the business. Also,
many businesses need to save various customer information like customer’s name, address,
contact number, email id, age, etc this requires a huge investment to secure the data, so it is
not misused.

3. Employee cost

Employee cost is also a limitation of e-commerce business. For any business, whether online
or offline, having dedicated employees is crucial. You need a professional team to execute
different tasks and fulfill the organization’s objective. Whether your startup is small or big,
you need employees to yield great results. Therefore, you will have to incur costs on hiring
and paying employees’ remuneration.

4. Huge advertising cost

In order to promote your business, a lot of money has to be spent advertising initially.
Advertising has the potential to increase your reach, and this way, you can reach maximum
people. However, advertising in several mediums can be expensive. Advertising costs can
pose a disadvantage if the business cannot make the deal convertible. Various advertising
mediums have varied costs, and many online advertising portals usually charge on a pay-per-
click basis. 5. Cost of packaging

whether Primary, Secondary, or Tertiary, involves a lot of costs. The cost depends upon the
nature of the product. It may cost a lot if the package is bulky and large. Heavy items may
even involve a higher shipping cost, increasing the overall cost of transporting the product.
B2C transactions have a lower packaging cost since a few products are being dispatched.
However, B2B products or transactions involve the high cost of Packaging.

6. Warehousing cost

This is also a limitation of e-commerce. E-commerce sellers must have a physical location or
warehouse where they can store their products. This would help them manage their operations
from a designated location. This cost of warehousing has to be borne by the business itself.

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The cost of storage will differ from location to location. It is always advisable to find a
warehouse that doesn’t involve a high inventory cost. This is the reason why a majority of
warehouses are located outside the city.

Limitation of Ashewa technologies

The major limitations of Ashewa delivery application among the problem that are mentioned
as the main limitation of the Ashewa application, the lack of awareness among the community
is considered to be the main problem. In addition, the technologies on the Ashewa delivery
application and the application language is only English are the main limitation that the
application can face. Another major limitation on the Ashewa e-commerce platform is the
inability to access the application does not work on some mobile phone. In addition, one of
the company’s limitations is the lack of customers’ acceptance of motorcycle vehicles, which
Ashewa delivery usually provides service to.

Challenges of Ashewa Technologies

Among the most common online shopping channels in our country, Ethiopia, the main social
media is mainly mentioned, among which Telegram and Facebook are the main ones. These
social media are now widely used and used by the business community, but these social
media are not recognized by the majority of society. This is because these social media online
shopping channels usually focus on clothing and related products, not focusing on other
products. In our country, Ethiopia, in recent times, various online shopping websites have
been widely used, and these shopping centers are focused on certain products, which has
prevented the online shopping websites from expanding their services to the desired level, and
has limited the purchasing options of customers. In our country, Ethiopia, online shopping is
not developed to the required level and there are various challenges. Consumers and
merchants in developing countries such as Ethiopia face several barriers to successful online
e-commerce implementation, including unreliable telecommunications infrastructure and
power supplies, limited access to online payment methods, and the relatively high cost of
personal computers and Internet access. They are mentioned as major problems.

Recommendations

Due to the fact that the experience of e-commerce business in our country in Ethiopia has not
grown that much, it is observed that institutions in this sector are raising a lot of complaints.
The above-mentioned limitations are observed in the institutions engaged in the e-commerce

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sector at the international level, and these are putting a lot of pressure on the e-commerce
organizations that are working in developing countries such as Ashewa. Ashewa Delivery
prepares various advertisements and awareness campaigns that address the lack of awareness
among customers and enable the organization to capture the market in a better way. In
addition, we recommend that Ashewa can provide better service by addressing weaknesses
related to integrity, quality of service, and data management. Summery

 Ashewa Technology Solution S.C was founded by the young visionary, Daniel Bekele
and his 5 friends in May 2020 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Currently Ashewa has a total of
12 Board members, hundreds of shareholders and 52 trained professionals. Daniel has
got the access to actively engage in the market from an early age. The town is best
known for its active trade practices, which gives him a chance to intimately engage in
the process of transaction.
 One it simply refers to the most crucial substance of human civilization. It’s
fascinating how they don’t think about it more often but sand is one of the most
consumed natural resources after water and air. In fact, the story of sand is a story of
civilization because the whole humanity and its advancement are built upon it.
 ‘Every concrete building and paved road on Earth, every computer screen and silicon
chip, is made from sand (Ashewa). From Egypt's pyramids to the Hubble telescope,
from the world's tallest skyscraper to the sidewalk below it, from Chartres' stained-
glass windows to your iPhone, sand shelters us, empowers us, engages us, and inspires
us. It's the ingredient that makes possible our cities, our science, our lives–and our
future.’
 Less than two years into its establishment Ashewa Technology already manages to
mobilize a huge resource and potential. In fact, one of its first creations Ashewa.com
has been officially launched and started operation on October 19, 2021.
 Ashewa Technology has sold more than 180-million-birr worth of share with a total of
12 Board members, hundreds of shareholders and 52 trained professionals. As a
company that started operating with only two people, The GM and his Assistant, in a
very limited space and limited resource, what we have accomplished to date is a
testimony of how far we are going to go.
 Since its foundation, Ashewa has built a massive niche and group of people, when that
comes to down that niche helps Ashewa to obtains a total of over 4 million monthly
official visitors in its marketplace, Ashewa.com, and other social media channels that
the company runs and operates by itself.

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Conclusion

In our country, Ethiopia, in recent times, various online shopping websites have been widely
used, and these shopping centers are focused on certain products, which has prevented the
online shopping websites from expanding their services to the desired level, and has limited
the purchasing options of customers. In our country, Ethiopia, online shopping is not
developed to the required level and there are various challenges. Consumers and merchants in
developing countries such as Ethiopia face several barriers to successful online e-commerce
implementation, including unreliable telecommunications infrastructure and power supplies,
limited access to online payment methods, and the relatively high cost of personal computers
and Internet access. They are mentioned as major problems.

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