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Laboratory Exercise 1 Fillable
Laboratory Exercise 1 Fillable
Laboratory Exercise 1 Fillable
College of Nursing
Learning Outcomes:
After completing this exercise, you should be able to:
Introduction
Students often complain that they are not just learning anatomy
but are learning a new language. This is quite true since most
anatomical terms are derived from Latin and Greek word roots. In this
exercise, you will learn anatomical terms for body structures that will
be used throughout the course and will help you communicate
effectively with other health care professionals.
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I. Anatomical Position
The anatomical position is the reference position anatomists and
people in medical fields use to describe the location of body parts
or regions. In the anatomical position, the body is erect and facing
forward; the arms are straight and at the sides of the body with the
palms facing for- ward; the legs are straight with the feet facing
forward and flat.
Activity 1:
1. Assume a position with part of your body in the anatomical
Activity 2:
1 Label Figure 1.1 with the appropriate body regions. Use the terms
from Table 1 as your reference.
2 Identify body regions on models or anatomical charts. Use terms
from Table 1.
2
Table 1.1 Body Regions.
BODY DESCRIPTION
REGION
Head
Skull Bony portion of head; encloses and protects the brain and gives shape to
the face
Face Anterior portion of head not normally covered by scalp
Trunk Central body area to which head and limbs are attached
Chest Area of trunk between neck and abdomen; contains heart and lungs;
diaphragm forms boundary
between chest and abdomen
Abdomen Area of trunk between chest and pelvis; contains digestive organs; hip
bones form lower boundary
of abdomen
Pelvis Area of trunk below abdomen; contains internal reproductive organs and
urinary bladder
Back Posterior portion of trunk between neck and buttocks
Upper Limb
Shoulder Curved area where upper limb attaches to upper border of trunk
Lower Limb
Groin Area on anterior surface marked by a crease where lower limb attaches to the
pelvis
Thigh Area of lower limb above the knee
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Figure 1.1. Body Regions Terms
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1 6
7
12
8
UPPER
LIMB
2
9
13
10 LOWER
LIMB
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1 6 11
2 7 12
3 8 13
4 9 14
5 10
1 Label Figure 1.2 with the appropriate anatomical terms for each
body region or area. Refer to Table 1.2.
2 Use anatomical terms to identify the specific body regions or areas
on models or anatomical charts.
3 Refer to https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/body/terminology.html to
review how word roots, suffixes, and prefixes are combined to
form nouns and adjectives.
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1 18
19
2 20
32
21
3 22
4
23
24
5 33
Definition of Terms 25
6 26 34
7 35
References 27
8
Books 28
41
Online Resources 29
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10 12
36
13
30 37
14
38
39
15
16
31 40
5
(a) Anterior View (b) Posterior View
1 12 23 32
2 13 24 33
3 14 25 34
4 15 26 35
5 16 27 36
6 17 28 37
7 18 29 38
8 19 30 39
9 20 31 40
10 21 41
11 22 42
Ta bl e 1 . 2. A n a t o m i ca l Terms
TERM DEFINITION TERM DEFINITION
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ul) Pertaining to the digits
• Digital (toes)
Activity 4:
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Table 1.3 Directional Terms
DIRECTIONAL TERM DEFINITION EXAMPLE OF USE
2 3
• anterior or ventral 1
• distal 2
• inferior 3
• posterior or dorsal 4
• proximal 5
• superior 6
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V. Body Planes and Sections
Planes are flat surfaces that divide the body or organs in order
to expose internal structures (Figure 1.4). The ex- posed surfaces
produced by planes are called sections. Sagittal (sagitta = arrow)
planes pass vertically through the body or organs and divide them
into right and left sections (sagittal sections). If a plane passes
vertically through the midline and di- vides the body into equal right
and left halves, the plane is a midsagittal plane, but if a plane divides
the body into unequal right and left portions, it is a parasagittal
plane. A frontal or coronal plane passes vertically through the body
or organs and produces anterior and posterior sections (frontal
sections). A transverse plane passes horizontally through the body
and produces superior and inferior sections (transverse sections or
cross-sections). Oblique planes pass through the body at an angle
forming oblique sections. We often look at sections of individual
organs, such as blood vessels, intestines, or long bones. Sections
that are produced by a plane running along the long axis of a long
narrow structure are called longitudinal sections. Sections that are
produced by a plane running perpendicular to the long axis are
called cross-sections. Because blood vessels and intestines twist
and bend, one body plane may produce longitudinal sections, cross-
sections, and oblique sections of these structures.
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Activity 5:
10
1
6 7
(b) Longitudinal and cross-sections
longitudinal section 1.
midsagittal plane 2.
oblique plane 3.
parasagittal plane 4.
transverse plane 5.
Cross Section 6. ______________
Frontal Plane 7. _____________
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Laboratory Exercise 1 Seat Work.
A. Body Regions
B. Anatomical Terms
Write the anatomical terms that the phrase or word describes. Phrases or
words referring to nouns are indicated. All other phrases refer to adjectives.
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bones enclosing the brain
C. Directional Terms
Complete the sentences using directional terms. Use Figure 1.5 for
reference.
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D. Apply your Knowledge in Anatomical Terms, Body Regions,
Directional Terms
3. A 22-year-old female was identified by a tattoo on the fibular surface of the left
leg just proximal to the tarsal region. Indicate on Figure 1.6 where the tattoo is
likely to be found.
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E. Body Planes & Sections
Figure 1.7 contains three different sections through the thorax. Indicate which
section (view a, b, or c) is a
Right Liver Vertebral Left Intestine Liver Vertebra Stomach Spleen Spinal Vertebral Trachea Heart Sternum
Lung Column Kidney Cord Column
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