FLOW THROUGH MOUTHPIECE

(CONSTANT HEAD METHOD)

AIM:

To determine the co-efficient of discharge (Cd) of the mouthpiece by constant head method.

DESCRIPTION:

A mouthpiece is a small length of pipe, provided in a vessel, through which the liquid flows. The
mouthpiece may be provided in the side wall or bottom of the vessel. The coefficient of discharge is
defined as the ratio between actual discharge and theoretical discharge.

The unit consists of a M.S supply tank of cross sectional area provided with an inlet diffuser for
damping level oscillations, an overflow outlet, a gauge glass tube – scale fitting and a provision for
fixing interchangeable mouthpieces. Water from the mouthpiece is collected in the tank. A sump tank
is provided to store water.

PROCEDURE:

measured.
A I
1. The diameter of the mouthpiece and the internal dimensions of the collecting tank are

mouthpiece tank to a constant head (h).

D D
2. The supply valve to the mouthpiece tank is regulated and water is allowed to fill the

3. The outlet valve of the collecting tank is closed tightly and the time ‘t’ required for ‘H’ rise of

H A
water in the collecting tank is noted using a stop watch.
4. The above procedure is repeated for different heads and the observations are tabulated and the

L S
coefficient of discharge is calculated.

FORMULAE USED: E
Theoretical discharge, Qt = a √2gh
a = Area of mouthpiece
h = Head of liquid above the centre of
mouthpiece
g = Acceleration due to gravity
Actual discharge, Qa = Actual volume of liquid collected in
Unit time.
= Internal plan area of collection tank(A)×Rise of liquid (H)
Time of collection(t)

Co-efficient of discharge ( Cd) = Qa

Q1
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULT:

Diameter of mouthpiece, d = mm
Internal plan dimensions of collecting tank
Length, l = mm
Breadth, b = mm
Head‘h’ Time for H=100 mm rise ‘t’ Discharge Co-efficient
S.no mm sec of discharge
Trials Average Actual Theoritical Cd

Mean value of Cd =

MODEL CALCULATION:

Area of mouthpiece, a = πd2/4

A I
(mm2)

Internal plan area of collection tank

D
= I×bD (mm2)

Actual discharge, Qa

H A = AH (mm3/sec)
t

L S
Theoritical of discharge, Qt = a√2gh (mm3/sec)

E
Co-efficient of discharge, (Cd) = Qa
QT

RESULT:
Average co-efficient of discharge, Cd =