TENTATIVE FINALS NOTES

VIP SECURITY

Protection against any type of crime to safeguard life, assets and operation by the use of various methods and
devices.

1. VIP – Very Important Person

Ex. State President, High ranking Public and Private Officials, etc.

2. ESCORT – one or more persons accompanying another to give guidance or protection or to pay honor.

3. BODYGUARD – A person or a grouped of persons usually armed and responsible for the physical safety of one or
more specific person.

ORGANIZATION OF VIP SECURITY

1. Area Security – Covers the surrounding areas of engagement.
- Conducts prophylactic (neutralize the area), operations in the area of engagement.
2. Perimeter Security – secures the immediate areas surrounding the place of engagement.
- Usually these are the uniformed men.

3. Advance Security – this are the advanced security at the place of engagement before the arrival of the VIP.
- Sanitize the engagement area.

4. Close-in Security – Accompanies the VIP where ever he goes.

- maximum of four persons

5. Reserve Security – on standby for possible back-up/re-enforcement

6. Routine Security – Neutralize the possible route of the VIP party.

Prophylactic Operations
1. Patrolling
2. Putting up of check points, blocks and gates.

Four Common Elements in all Assassination

1. Victim
2. Assassin
3. Modus Operandi (Mode of Operation)
4. Opportunity
Exceptional
REASON WHY DO THEY NEED BODY GUARDS

As a result of the “increased concern about the kidnapping threat” there has been an escalation in the demand for
bodyguards. Thereby, BRAINS is needed and not BRAWN (meaning muscular in power) has been offered as the basis for body
guard selection. The bodyguard should fit the image and life style of the individual he is guarding.

SELECTION CRITERIA TO BECOME A BODYGUARD

1. Physical Condition
Excellent physical condition is essential. Excessive overweight, high blood pressure, respiratory problems, or
other ailments are all disqualifiers. Hearing should be normal, eyesight at or close to 20/20 without glasses and
color vision normal. Average height is suggested. Physical stamina is important; the bodyguard should be
capable of running several miles at a sustained pace and able to run at top speed in short dashes.

2. Training
The bodyguard should be trained in both unarmed and armed defense tactics. Regular training, session
should be encouraged, so that body guards maintain proficiency. Also trained in the operation of equipment’s being
used. Also trained vehicles driving and troubleshooting, and likewise have a practical knowledge in first aid
technique.

3. Mental Attitude
The bodyguard should be stable individual, intelligent, and not belligerent, aggressive, easily angered,
careless or easily distracted he/she should be mentally alert, have a good and quick judgment, he responsible,
and have an ability to remain calm under condition of stress or in dangerous situations. Female personnel can be
utilized for these assignments. They require the same temperament and training as the more usual male
personnel.

SOME PROTECTION TECHNIQUES WHILE MOVING ON FOOT

1. Individuals in the vicinity of the persons being protected should be observed especially their hands.
2. If a weapon is displayed, the weapons should be attacks so as to be ready to respond effectively.
3. The bodyguards should anticipate potential attacks so as to be ready to respond effectively.
4. If a threatening situation begins to develop the individuals being protected should immediately be removed from the
danger area.
5. If two bodyguards are used and attacks develop, one bodyguard should remove the individual being protected while
the other neutralized the threat. The bodyguards should adequately protect the individual being guarded without
offending the public of those in the area. The primary objective is to protect the target person, not apprehend the
attacker. Escape is certainly more important than winning the “skirmish” meaning minor primary conflict or dispute.
6. If one bodyguard is utilized, he/she will usually walk in front to the left. While the second, will take a position to the
rear and slightly to the right.
PROTECTION IN TRANSIT
An individual is particularly vulnerable while moving from one place to another. Hence a regular route and time travel
should be established. Frequent changes of direction, travel time mode of transport, coordinated within the overall protection
plan, will make it more difficult for an abduction to plan of an ambush or to interpret. The individual should never walk alone
in unpopulated areas. If and automobile during and attempted abduction, the automobile may be used not only as a means of
transportation. But as defensive shield or even as an attack weapon. Therefore, an individual in an automobile should not
usually attempt to escape an attack by leaving the vehicle. The body of the vehicle will provide a place of safety. While the
vehicle can be utilized to take evasive action so that it will be possible to escape from an attack.

VEHICLE SECURITY
The vehicle utilized by a potential kidnap victim should not be placed unattended in a parking stall with the individual
name on it. If possible, when not in use, the vehicle should be parked in a locked garage under guard and not on the street.
The doors of the vehicles should be locked in all window tightly closed, whether occupied or non-occupied. Consideration can
be given to the installation of tamper alarms on the vehicles and “panic” or trouble alarms bottoms in the parking area.
The potential victim, should not use the vehicle at all times, but should changes automobiles daily if possible. All
serving should be done by a commercial organization which has been checked out and cleared. Locking gasoline caps and
locks for the hoods are suggested. Gas tanks should never contain less than half a tank to avoid running out of fuel.

ATTACKS TACTICS

Two types of attack tactics against vehicle maybe expected.

1. Moving Attacks – the approach will usually be made from the left or passing side, and the attacker will attempt to
move over into the path of the victim’s vehicle, forcing it to stop. Approach, would be from the right in the left side
drive countries. The ideal location for abduction is where cross street or turn off is available to allow the attacker an
easy quick way to escape. If two vehicles are used to attack, one wills cut-off the victim’s vehicles, forcing it to stop.
The second may be then, move up on the left side. The abductor will make the attack, take the victims from his
vehicles and escape as quickly as possible.
2. Ambush Attack – the kidnapper will attempt to stop the victim’s car with in a zone he established by blocking the
roadway or by shooting the driver.

DRIVER RULE
The driver should always be planning ahead and he alert as to what is happening in at least two or three blocks of
normal city driving. Vehicles that are parked in the roadway or in unusual position, obstructions, constructions, etc. should be
viewed with concern. Also, side street or roads access. Ramps, underpasses, service roads, etc. are potential trouble spots,
and so particular attention should be given to them. Adequate maneuvering distanced should be maintained between the
potential victim’s vehicles and those in traffic ahead. Also, the lane nearest the center of the roadway should be used, it allows
maneuvering room. The driver should maintain near normal traffic speeds while keeping the vehicle under control at all times,
be alert as to what is in front, behind and on the sides of the vehicles which seems to be leading or following the rear vision
mirror should be done constantly, since most attacks originate from the rear.

KIDNAPPERS FALLS INTO FOUR CATEGORIES

1. Neither opportunities nor Novice Criminals – This constrained of poor planning and lack of true criminals’
expertise.
2. Religious or politically Motivated Individuals – This are the DO or Die who are willing to sacrifice their lives
and or willing to kill their victims to publicize a cause.
3. Mentally derange individual – They may kidnap or kill for the thrill, from confusion, or due to psychosis.
4. Professional Criminals – They are motivated for kidnapping usually centers on financial gain, with extensive
planning to ensure his or her escape and the ability to spend illegally obtained funds.

COMMUNICATION SECURITY
INTRODUCTION

The ability of an ancient man centuries ago to communicate by means of signs could be attributed as the key for
surviving the store age era. And comes the new generation where the signs have been transformed into higher forms as man
learned the start of gregarious leaving by means of oral or written way of communication. This ideal way of transferring
thoughts and ideas made man supreme and progressive and later developed the medium or common language and the
channel of which the language could be transferred to a certain distance.
So today, civilized man communicates with an accepted and sophisticated written or oral language. The medium has
been improved by the introduction of ratio and electronics, but still man could not understand his neighbor and vice-versa.
This is due to the complexity of our lives at present and the introduction of new languages and sub-dialects.
In security profession, it could not be denied that the field of operation is concentrated on dealing with different
people and it is deemed proper for any security personnel to know the most common medium of communication to make him
effective on the performance of his job.

DEFINITION
Communication- The transfer of thought from the mind of one person the mind of another thought a common be from oral,
written and other forms.

Conference – The exchange of thoughts or opinions by conversations, or seminar. The exchange could be from oral, written
and other forms.

Medium of Communication – Refers to the common language known for two or more individuals who want to exchange
thought or ideas with each other.

Example: English: Is the dominant medium of communication in the world.

Ilocano – is the common medium of communication in Baguio City
Communication – is the process of sending and receiving messages to achieve understanding.

Channel of Communication – refers to the equipment being used to transfer thoughts or ideas.

The following are the common equipment being used for communication:
1. Hand held radio or Walkie talkie -= communication on electromagnetic waves transmitted through the space.
2. Basic types of radio’s:
a. Amateur radio – for hobby and emergency purpose; and
b. Commercial radio – for business purposes

Cardinal principles in using radio:

a. Speak clearly and distinctly at all times;
b. Think and act promptly on emergency situation;
c. Thorough understanding of the capacity of the communication system; and
d. Knowledge of the rules and regulation and the use of codes if deemed necessary.

Requisites for modulation/ voice transmission:

a. Alertness – give the impression that you are alert and wide awake and interested as the person calling;
b. Pleasantness – build a pleasant office image with voice of smile;
c. Naturalness – use simple language and avoid slang;
d. Distinctness – for hobby and emergency purpose; and
e. Expressiveness – normal tone of voice in moderate manner not to fast and not too slow.

Duty Cycle of PTT:

As a rule, transmitting message in short duration carries 3 to 5 words at a time.

Approaches to adhere the duty cycle:

1. Use of phonetics alphabet and numerals;
Ex. From Alpha to Zebra
2. Use of 2400-hour system and Zulu time;
3. Police ten APCO signals:
Ex. 10-1= receiving poorly
10-2= loud and clear
10-4= copied message
10-9= repeat message
10-20= location
10-28= identify yourself/ call sign
10-32= radio check
4. Use mores code.
APCO – Association Public Safety Communication Officers Inc.
PTT – Press To Talk
5. Telephone – combination of apparatus of converting speech energy to electrical wave then transmit the same to a
certain point then finally re-convert the electrical energy to audible sound.
6. Intercom – wired system of communication being used with in a building or compound for direct exchange of calls.
7. Audio Hailer – portable transistorized and battery-operated amplifier that magnify the voice of the user.
8. Computer Facsimile – modern type of communication equipment.

SECURITY SURVEY AND INSPECTION

The basic instrument for determining security vulnerability is the security survey. Most description of security surveys
refers principally to checklists, audits or inventories of security conditions.

Security Service is defined as a critical on-site examination and analysis of an industrial plan, business, a home or
public or private institution done to ascertain the facility’s current security status, to identify deficiencies or excess in current
practices, to determine what protection is needed and to make recommendations for improving the overall level of security at
that installation. As previously noted, security survey is a general term that often encompasses other related procedures.

Objectives of Security Survey

1. To determine existing vulnerabilities to injury, death, damage, or destruction by natural causes.
2. To determine existing vulnerabilities of corporate assets due to outside criminal activity.
3. To determine existing vulnerabilities of corporate assets due to criminal activity within the organization.
4. To determine existing conditions of physical security of corporate property.
5. To measure compliance of employees to security.

Planning a Security Survey

1. Verify the need
2. Obtain organization support
3. State the survey’s executives
4. Determine how data will be gathered
5. Develop alternatives
6. Prepare a schedule of activities.

Security Inspection
Another important activity, which is necessary to ensure the integrity of the overall security programs, is security
inspection. This complements security survey in is attempt to prevent losses of company properties.
 Security inspection is conducted for two reasons: to check on the degree of compliance with the recommended
countermeasures and to determine the effectiveness and adequacy of the countermeasures which are in effect.

Types of Security Inspection

1. Continuous Inspection
To keep pace with the constant changes in the organization, changes in our security terms of attitudes, life-style and
moral values, and the rapid advancement of technological modifications are all around us, the inspection must be ad
on-going and never-ending activity.

2. Formal or Informal
For the company which has just upgraded the security function, hired a new security administrator, or initiated a
security department and program. The formal approach to inspection is most desirable, primary because it tells the
company how senior management fells about protection, and thus establishes the desirable climate.

Formal Inspection is one which some fanfare is attached. It is usually preceded by an announcement, and the unit
under inspection “prepares” for events, including some extra housekeeping activities that would not otherwise
happen at that point in time.

Informal Inspection is usually the result of a long and firmly entrenched inspection program, understood by all
and accepted as part of the organizational life. The inspection has been stripped of all external trappings of
importance, but their functional importance has not been lessen in any manner. They are seriously and quietly
executed in a spirit of understanding and cooperation.

3. Structured or Unstructured Inspection

Structured Inspection is one that moves systematically from one area to the next and so on. There is a format or
logical sequence to the process. For instance, the audit may start with the first line of defense, then the second line,
then the third line, etc.
Unstructured Inspection is conducted in a random manner, there is no format or logical sequencing. For
example, the inspection may start with countermeasures for proprietary information, then emergency plan, followed
by investigation and so forth.

SECURITY MEASURES AGAINST BOMBS AND BOMB THREATS

Although it is very hard to detect the attack of a terrorist or adversary, an establishment can possibly minimize if not
totally eliminate the occurrence of bombing incident within its premises. The following measures are suggested.
1. Strictly implement the inspection procedures of all bags, knapsacks, boxes, merchandize etc. that will enter the
premises.
2. Suspicious locking package, paper bags, etc. left alone should be cautiously scrutinized as possible bomb(s).
3. When suspected bombs are noted, security personnel/employees to immediately contact the authorities.
4. Be observant o people roaming around your area doing nothing. Vendors with tricycles, knapsacks/bags should be
driven out. They may be used as couriers of bombs.
5. Security personnel must always observe people leaving behind bags/packages/boxes in the garbage cans/bins in the
premises.
6. Be observant of cars/motorcycles riding individually who are suspiciously observing constantly the establishments.
7. Be cautious in opening envelopes and packages sent by unknown individual and return address.
8. The greatest safeguard against the effect of bomb threats is to prevent entry of unauthorized persons into certain
area, whenever possible.
9. Restricted entry and positive identification of staff and visitors can be significant in assessing he seriousness of any
given threat.

Don’ts in Handling Suspected bomb Packages

1. Don’t attempt to open package.
2. Do not submerge in water sue to conductivity of electrical circuit and/or possible violent reaction of chemical agent.
3. Do not indiscriminately shake or jar suspected package due to the possibility of disturbing the trigger mechanism.
4. Do not cut the string or unwrapped package due to the possibility of pressure release type device.
5. Do not puncture or cut the box with metallic object as the possibility of electric power maybe employed.
6. Do not accept identifications markings on any suspected package as legitimate.
7. Do not allow radio transmission within the vicinity.
8. Do not switch on the lights or any electrical switches just to light up dark room/areas.
9. Do not use sirens, megaphone or any loud noise-emitting device.

Responding to Bomb Threats

Each threat received through any means of communications should be treated as real and must be forwarded
immediately to the proper authorities. Training is essential to deal with a bomb threat incident. Instruct all personnel,
especially those at the telephone switch board on what to do if a bomb threat is received. The receiving party must remain
calm and courteous. Try to obtain as much information as possible from the caller. Take note of the following procedures:
1. Get the identity of the caller.
2. Take note of the following characteristics; male or female voice; young middle age, or old sounding voice; accent of
voice; speech impediments or peculiar voice characteristics; any background noise; does the voice sound familiar.
3. The exact words of the person placing the call.
4. Show no emotion on the phone.
5. Know the exact location of the bomb.
6. Ask for the description of the bomb/composition of the explosive.
7. Repeat the message to caller whenever possible and ask for confirmation.
8. The receiving part should remain calm and courteous. He should listen carefully and write down accurately the
information the caller provides.
9. If possible, refer the caller to a supervisor in authority to extract more information.
 10. Apply delaying tactics and engage the caller in prolonged conversation.
11. Take note of the exact time the caller hung up.
12. The person receiving the bomb threat should attempt to ask the caller certain questions: when is the bomb going to
explode? What type of bombs it is? What does the bomb looks like? What will cause the bomb to explode? Why did
you place the bomb?
13. Remember that the caller may not answer your question, but any additional information that he may relate will be
helpful.
14. It may be advisable to inform the caller that the building is occupied and the detonation of a bomb could result in
death or serious injury to many innocent people.
15. Once the telephone threat is received, notify your local police at once.

Handwritten or Typed Notes

Documents and other materials received should be carefully handled to preserve marks, fingerprints, etc. for
examination by competence authorities. These should be forwarded immediately to proper authorities for analysis and
evaluation. Written messages should never be ignored.

Person to Person or Direct Threat

1. Notify security supervisor immediately.
2. Keep the person making the threat or indicating knowledge of a threat under surveillance until relieved by the
superior.
3. Take note of the age, height, weight, sex, color of eyes/hair/skin, clothing, unusual characteristics such as lameness
or any peculiarities of the person under surveillance. Observe other personal behavior, in any.
4. If the person leaves the scene, take note of the make, model, color, plate number and marking of the vehicle used.
5. Do not underestimate the size of the package like just a pack of cigarette or lighter, it could be a powerful explosive.
6. Above all, DON’T PANIC.

What to do if a suspected bomb is located

1. Evacuate personnel at least 300 feet away from the bomb.
2. Turn off the electrical and gas units.
3. Do not touch or move unknown objects.
4. Secure the area.

SECURITY INVESTIGATION

Security Investigation is a planned and organized determination of facts concerning specific loss or damage of
assets due to threats, hazards or unsecured conditions.

Elements of Investigation
1. Investigator
2. Purpose
3. Subject of Investigator

Tools of Investigation
1. Information – knowledge which the investigator gathers from other persons.
a. Acquired from regular sources – conscientious and public-spirited citizens, company files, school files or
records file of other agencies.
b. Acquired from cultivated sources – paid informants, bartenders, cab drivers, acquaintances, etc.

2. Interrogation – the skillful questioning of a person who is reluctant to divulge information concerning the offense
under investigation.
3. Interview – the simple questioning of a witness who has no personal reason to withhold information.
4. Instrumentation – the application of instruments and methods of physical sciences to the detection of crimes. In
other words, the sum total of the application of all sciences, in crime detection otherwise known as criminalistics.

Three-Fold aims of Investigation

1. To identify the offender
2. To locate the offender
3. To provide evidence for his guilt

Methods Identifying the Offended

1. Confession – acknowledged, disclosed or admitted.
2. Eyewitness/testimony – solemn declaration.
3. Circumstantial evidence – evidence which gives ground for belief as to fact or guilt.
4. associative evidence

Standard Methods of Recording Investigative Data

1. Photography
2. Sketching the crime scene
3. Written notes
4. Developing and lifting fingerprints
5. Gathering physical evidence
6. Plaster cast
7. Tape recording of sound
8. Video tape recording of objects and sound
9. Written statement of subjects and witnesses

Difficulties in the Investigation

1. Absence of Eyewitness/witnesses
 2. Motives Unknown
3. Lack of physical clues (evidence)

Qualities of an Effective Investigation

1. Objective – all facts are discussed as perceived without any distortion and the manner of presentation is free from
unwarranted opinion.
2. Thorough – full detail; exhaust all available means, factual to arrive in a sound and convincing conclusion.
3. Relevant – significant and demonstrated its relation to one another.
4. Accurate – free from error.
5. Current – terminology is generally accepted.

Guidelines in Investigation
1. Preliminary Investigation
P- Proceed to the scene promptly and safely
R- Render assistance to the victim, if any
E- Effect the arrest of the offender
L- Locates and identifies the witnesses
I- Interview the complainant and witnesses
M- Maintains the crime scene and protects the evidence
I- Interrogate the suspect/offender
N- Note all conditions, events and remarks
A- Arrange for the collection of evidence
R- Reports the incident fully and accurately
Y- Yields the responsibility to the follow-up investigation
2. Investigation Proper
a. Photograph the crime scene
b. Search the crime scene
c. Crime scene sketch
d. Care of evidence

3. Methods of Investigation
a. Information
b. Interrogation
c. Interview
d. Instrumentation

Investigation Report
1. Purpose
a. Record - the report provides a permanent official record of the investigation.
b. Leads – the report provides other investigators with information necessary to further advance the
investigation.
c. Prosecutive action – the report is a statement of facts on which designated authorities may base a
criminal, corrective or disciplinary action.

2. Nature and Qualities

a. The report must be objective statement of the investigation findings.
b. The report must be an official record of the information relevant to the investigation that the investigator
submits to his superior.
c. The report must be clear, brief accurate, impartial but complete.
d. The report must not be a place of the investigator’s opinion or other irrelevant facts foreign to the case.
e. The report is complete when it answers the questions of when, where, who, what, why and how.
f. The report is accurate when it is a true representation of facts of the case.
g. The report is clear when it is developed logically and chronologically.

3. Parts of the Report

a. Administrative Data
1) Date
2) File Number
3) Subject
4) Complaint
5) Reporting Investigator
6) Office of Origin
7) Status
8) Distribution
b. Synopsis – brief in description of the actions of the perpetrator as established in the body of the report.
c. Details of the report – Objective of the investigation.
d. Conclusion and Recommendation – includes the investigator opinion, conclusions and
recommendations.
e. Enclosure – Photographs, sketches, sworn statement, etc.
 INVESTIGATION REPORT FORMAT

CONFIDENTIAL

(Letterhead)

Date

FOR: (The Chief or Commander who assigned the case)

SUBJECT:
I. AUTHORITY
This section should contain a brief statement of when, where and by whom the investigation was
made and should cite the authority for making it.

II. MATTERS INVESTIGATED

This section of the report represents the mission of the investigator. In essence, it answers the
question: what is the investigation all about?

III. FACTS OF THE CASE

This presents the real truth respecting the matters investigated. The description “completeness”,
clarity to give the directing authority the clearest possible picture. It should contain such related
factual matter of argument as may be necessary in addition to the facts presented, to establish the
conclusions and recommendation based thereon.

IV. DISCUSSION
This section set forth when appropriate, the presumption and inferences from all the
circumstances in the case to give the directing authority the clearest possible picture. It should
contain such related factual matter of argument as may be necessary in addition to the facts
presented, to establish the conclusions and recommendation based thereon.

V. CONCLUSION
This represents concise summary of the results of the investigation directly consequent from and
supported by facts. These logically follow from the facts of case of found and set forth in the report.
They are usually stated in the order naturally suggested by the statement of the allegations or facts.

VI. RECOMMENDATIONS
This should contain the practical suggestions as to appropriate action to be taken to make
suitable position of all phases of the case. They should follow, as far as practicable, the same
sequence as was used in the presentation of conclusion.

Investigator
PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCY LAW ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF SECURITY GUARD
FORCE

The 2003 Revised Rules and Regulation implementing Republic Act No. 5487 as amended

Pursuant to section 17 of RA 5487, as amended Section 24, 25 and 26 of Executive #262, and in
consultation with the Philippine Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators, Incorporated (PADPAO),
these revised rules and regulation governing the organization and operation of private security agencies, company
security forces and government security units.

Scope includes originally promulgated rules and newly introduced rules and regulation designed to
professionalized the security industry. Substantial revision were made and introduced due to the professionalization
process that PNP has envision for our private security industry in order to make the security business a more credible
and reliable sector in our community.

The new provision include pertains rule on the utilization of security personnel in which the types of services
to provided, such as post service, conduction service, armored service and other security service, and the training
program for private security personnel was expanded aimed at developing the skills and knowledge to suit current
and future application. Hence, it now includes specialized courses on Intelligence and investigation, Basic Crisis
Management, Bomb Disposal Training, Bank Security Training and Basic Aviation Security.

R.A No. 5487 – The act that regulates the organization and operation of private detective, watchman
and security guard agencies in the Philippines. This act was approved on June 13, 1969. (Otherwise known
as Private Security Agency Law)

RA No. 5487 – Otherwise known as “The Private Security Agency Law” has been amended by PD No. 100
dated January 17, 1973 in order to make more responsive to the demands of the private security industry in the
country.

RA No. 7461 – An act amending article 287 of Presidential Decree No. 442 as amended, other wise known as the
labor code of the Philippines, providing for retirement pay to qualified private sector employees in the absence of any
retirement plan in the establishment.
 - In the absence of a retirement plan or agreement providing for retirement benefits of employees in the
establishment, an employee upon reaching the age of sixty (60) years or more, but not beyond sixty-five
(65) years which hereby declared the compulsory retirement age, who has served at least five years (5) in
the said establishment may retire and shall be entitled to retirement pay equivalent to at least one-half
(1/2) month salary for every year of service, a fraction of at least six (6) months being considered as one
whole year.
- Retail service and agriculture establishment or operations employing not more than ten (10) employees or
workers are exempted from the coverage of this provision.
- Approved December 9, 1992

PNPSAGSD – (Philippines National Police Security Agency, Guard and Supervision Division)

PNP SOSIA – (Philippine National Police Supervisory Officer for Security and Investigative Agencies)
- This is the unit under the Philippines National Police which is charged with the supervision, direction and
control of all security agencies in the Philippine.

Person – shall include not only natural but also juridical persons such as single proprietorship, corporations, companies or
association, duly organized and registered with the Security Exchange Commission and/or the Department of Trade and
Industry.

Private Security Service – shall include the act of providing or rendering service to watch an establishment whether public
or pri9vate, building, conmpo8nd/area or property, to conduct access control/denial in any form whether physical, manually or
scientifically by electronic monitoring system, for the purpose of securing such property and at the same time ensuring safety
and protection of person within such areas, to maintain peace and order with in such areas. To conduct private security
training, furnishing or posting any security guard, to do its function or solicit individuals, businesses, firms, or private, public or
government – owned or controlled corporation to engage his/its service or those of his/its security guard, for hire, commission
or compensation thru subscription or as a consultant/trainer to any private or public corporation.

Private Detective Services – shall include among others the act of providing personal security protection, inquiry and
information gathering, pre-employment verification and individual background profiling, providing assistance in civil liability
and personal injury cases, insurance claims, and fraud, child custody and protection cases, for the purpose of assisting in
gathering information leading to determination and / or prevention of criminal acts and/or resolution of legal, financial and
personal problems.

Private Security Industry – shall cover those in the legitimate business of providing private security and detective services.

Security Guard – sometimes called private security guard or watchman shall include any person who offers or renders
personal service to watch or secure either a residence or business establishment or both for hire or compensation, and with a
license to exercise profession.

Private Detective – shall mean any person who does detective work for hire, reward or commission, other than members of
the AFP, Guard of the Bureau of Jail Management Penology, Municipal or city jail guards, and members of the PNP or of any
other Law Enforcement agency of the government.

Private Security Personnel – shall be natural persons which include private security guards, private detectives, security
consultant, security officers and others that may be classified later, rendering performing security and/or detective services as
employed by private security agencies and/or private firms.

Government Security Personnel – shall be natural persons which include government security guards, detective, security
consultant, security officers and others that may be classified later except those of the AFP, PNP, BJMP, Municipal or City Jail
guards rendering / performing security and/or detective services as employed by government entities.

Private Security Agency (PSA) – shall mean any person association, partnership, film or private corporation, who
contracts, recruits, trains, furnishes or post any security guard, to perform its functions or solicits individuals, business, firms,
or private, public or government-owned or controlled corporation to engage his/its security guards, for hire, commission or
compensation thru subscription or as consultant/trainer to any private or public corporation whose business or transaction
involve national security or interest like the operation and/or management of domestic or ocean vessels, airplanes,
helicopters, seaports, airports, landing strips etc., or as consultant on any security related matter. Or to provide highly
specialized security, detective and investigation services like gangway security, catering security, passenger profiling, baggage
examination, providing security on board vessels or aircraft, or other security needs that PNPSAGSD – CSG may approve.

Private Detective Agency (PDA) – shall mean any person association, partnership, firm or private corporation, who
contracts, recruits, trains, furnishes or post any private detective, to perform its functions or solicits individuals, firms, or
private, public or government-owned or
Controlled corporation to engage his/its service or those of his/its detectives,
For hire, commission or compensation thru subscription or as consultant/trainers to any private or public corporation or as
consultant on any detective related matter, or to provide highly specialized detective and investigation services, or other
detective needs that PNPSAGSD – CSG may approve.

License to Exercise Profession – shall mean any document issued by the chief PNP or his duly authorized representative
recognizing a person to be qualified to perform his duties as private security or training personnel.

License to Operate (LTO) – is license Certificate document, issued by the C/PNP or his duly authorized representative,
authorizing a person to engage in employing security guard or detective, or a juridical person to establish, engage, direct,
manage or operate an individual or a private detective agency or private security agency/company security force after
payment of the prescribed dues of fees as provided.

Company Guard Force (CGF) – a security force maintained and operated by any private company/corporation utilizing any
of its employees to watch, secure or guard its business establishment premises, compound or properties.
Government Guard Unit (GGU) – a security unit maintained and operated by any government entity other than military or
police, which is established and maintained for the purpose of securing the office or compound and/or extension of such
government entity.
PNP – as used herein mean the Philippine National Police, which was organized pursuant to the provision of RA 6975
otherwise known as the National Police Act of 1991.

SAGSD – as issued herein shall refer to the current PNP Civil Security Group Security Agency and Guard Supervision Division
or any other PNP office that may be designated later as the primary office for supervision of the implementation of these rules
and regulations.

PADPAO – refers to the Philippines Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators Inc., Which is an association of
all licensed security agencies and company security forces.
-The one who are authorized to issue the implementing rules and regulations pertaining to R.A.NO.5487.

Duty Detail Order – is a written order/schedule issued by a superior officer usually the private security agency/branch
manager or operation officers assigning the performance or private security detective.

Security Guard Force – is a group of force selected men, trained or grouped into functional unit for the purpose of
protecting operational processes from those disruptions which impede efficiency or halt operation at a particular plant, facility,
installation or special activity.

A. Who may organize and maintain a PSA and PDA?

=Any Filipino citizen or corporation association, partnership, one hundred percent (100 %) of which is
owned and controlled by Filipino citizen.

B.Basic age requirements of an operator of manager of Agency?

=Not less than twenty five (25) years old of age.
C. New applicant for license to operate:
=Minimum capitalization of one million (1,000,000) with minimum bank deposit of five hundred thousand
(P500, 000,000) pesos in order to start its business.

D. Membership:
=No regular license shall be granted to any private security agency unless it has minimum of two hundred
(200) licensed private security personnel under its employ.

=No regular license shall be granted to any company guards’ force or private detective agency unless it has
a minimum of thirty (30) licensed private security personnel under its employ.

=The maximum number of private security personnel that a PSA/CGF/PDA may employ shall be one
thousand (1000)

=The validity of all LTO is two (2) years

E. Applicant of LTO.
=Files:. Chief of the Philippine National Police (CPNP) through the PNP
Security and Guard Supervision Division, Civil Security Group (SACSD-CSG).
Using license application form PNPSF1, the application shall contain the full name of the applicant, his age,
civil status, his residence and location of business.

=New applicant – Applicant from NCR may file their application for license to exercise profession with the
personnel licensing section, SAGSD, Civil Security Group, Camp Crame, Quezon City. Applicants from the
Province may file their application with the Firearms, Explosives, Security Agencies and Guards Section
(FESAGS), Regional Operation and Plan Division (ROPD) of the Police Regional Office concerned.

F. Renewal of license to operate:

=all applications for renewal of license to operate shall filed at least sixty (60) days before expiry date of LTO
subject of the renewal application Filed/accepted thereafter shall penalized for late filing.

= in addition to other renewal requirements under provision of these rules and regulation, no application shall
approved unless a certification is issued by FED-CSG to the effect that all licensed firearms of the agency
concerned are updated/renewed for at least one (1) year forthcoming during the validity of the renewed LTO.

G. Payroll:
=Payroll shall be filed with the main office within fifteen (15) days after pay day.

H. Possession of Firearms
=Ratio: 1 firearm for every two (1:2) security guard in its employ.
=No PSA/CSF/GSU shall be allowed to possess firearms in excess of
500 units.

I. Restriction to possess high powered firearms:

a. The firearm first be registered with the FED before issuance and shall not be used or transferred in places
other than those specially authorized by the Director, CSG.
b. The total number of high-powered firearms that an agency or security force/unit is authorized to possess
shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the total number of security guards of watchmen in its employ.

J. Stocking of ammunition:
 PSA shall not exceed fifty (50) rounds of ammunition per unit of duly licensed firearms. Individual issue to
each security guard shall be limited to one half of such basic load or twenty five (25) rounds for every security
guard.

SECURITY GUARD FORCE

-Is a group of forces of men selected, trained or grouped into functional unit for the purpose of protecting
operational process from disruption which would impede efficiency of halt operations at a particular plant,
facility, installations, or special activity.

TYPES OF SECURITY GUARD FORCE

1. Company guard force
2. Private security guard force
3. Government guard force
SECURITY GUARD FUNCTIONS /GUARDING PROCEDURES
*Primarily Functions-Protecting of life and Property
a. Fixed Post d. Administration work
b. Patrol e. Others /investigation and escorts
c. Reserve f. General Functions

QUALIFICATIONS OF PRIVATE DETECTIVES

Any person applying for employment as private detective-shall in addition to the qualifications of security guard,
possess any of the following qualifications.
a. Bachelor of Laws Degree
b. Graduate of B.S. Criminology
c. Graduate of a Criminal Investigation Course offered by the PNP, NBI, Police Training Center, and Private
Detective Agency Training School recognized and authorized by the Government.
d. Officers. Enlisted men and policemen honorably discharged from service not otherwise disqualified by the
R.A.NO.5487.

PERMIT- a document issued by CPNP of his duly authorized representatives authorizing a person to engage in
the occupation calling or employment of watchman, security guard or private after payment of dues of fees.
FIREARMS- possession of firearms by agency are entitled to possess firearms after satisfactory complying the
requirements as provided by law.

FIREARMS/WEAPONS AUTHORIZED FOR USED BY THE SECURITY GUARD WHILE ON DUTY

1. Handguns
2. Shotguns
3. Riot guns of prescribed caliber

JUSTIFICATION FOR A GUARD’S FIREARMS TO BE CONFISCATED

1. When firearm is to be used of being used in the commission of crime.
2. If carried while guard is not on tour of duty.
3. There is written court order.
4. Firearms is carried outside the property, compound or establishment serviced by the agency without proper
authority.

MISSION ORDER- is a written instructions issued by the agency to its guards to perform lawful activity at
specific time, place and date. It shall include the make, model and serial no. of the firearm issued to the guard
and the name of the operation officer or manager of the agency.

SECURITY GUARD’S PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICS

1. Security Guard’s Creed

As a Security Guard, my fundamental duty is to protect lives and properties and maintained order within the vicinity
or place of duty, protect the interest of my employer and our clients and the security and stability of our government
and country without compromise and prejudice, honest in my action, words and thought, and do my best to uphold
the principle: MAKADIOS, MAKABAYAN AT MAKATAO.

2. Ethical Standard
As security guard/detective, his fundamental duty is to serve the interest or mission of his agency in compliance with
the contract entered into with the clients or customers of the agency he is to serve thus,
1. He shall be honest in thoughts and deeds both in his official actuation, obeying the laws of the land and the
regulations prescribed by his agency and those establish by the company he is supposed to serve.
2. He shall not reveal any confidential matter committed to him as a security guard and such other matters
imposed upon him by law.
3. He shall act all times with decorum and shall not permit personal feelings, prejudices and undue friendship
to influence his actuation in the performance of his official functions.
4. He shall not compromise with criminal and other lawless elements to the prejudice of the customers or
clients and shall assist government relentless drive against lawlessness and other forms of criminality.
5. He shall carry out his assigned duties as required by law to the best of his ability and shall safeguard life
and property of the establishment he is assigned to.
6. He shall wear his uniform, badge, patches and insignia properly as a symbol of public trust and confidence
as an honest and trustworthy security guard, watchman and private detective.
7. He shall keep his allegiance first to the government he is assigned to serve with loyalty and utmost
dedication.
 8. He shall diligently and progressively familiarize himself with the rules and regulations lay down by his
agency and those of eh customers or clients.
9. He shall at all times be courteous, respectful and salute his superior officers, government officials and
officials of the establishment where her is assigned and the company he is supposed to serve.
10. He shall report for duty always in proper uniform and neat in his appearance and
11. He shall learn at heart and strictly observe the laws and regulations governing the use of firearm.

3. Code of Conduct
1. He shall carry with him at all times during his tour of duty his license identification card and duty detail
order with an authority to carry firearms.
2. He shall not use his license and privileges to the prejudice of the public, the client or customer and his
agency.
3. He shall not engage in any unnecessary conversation with anybody except in the discharge of his work and
shall at all times keep himself alert during his tour of duty.
4. He shall not read newspapers, magazines, books, etc, while actually performing his duties.
5. He shall not drink any intoxicating liquor immediately before and during his tour of duty.
6. He shall know the location of eh alarm box near his post and sound the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
7. He shall know how to operate any fire extinguishers at his post.
8. He shall know the location of the telephone and/or telephone number of the police precincs as well as the
telephone number of the fire stations in the locality.
9. He shall immediately notify the police in case of any sign of disorder, strike, riot or any serious violations of
the law.
10. He or his group or guards shall not participate or integrate any disorder, strike, riot or any serious violations
of the law.
11. He shall assist the police in the preservation and maintenance of peace and order and in the protection of
life, property/ having in mind that the nature of his responsibilities is similar to that of the latter.
12. He shall familiarize himself with the Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487) as amended, and the PNP
SAGSD implementing rules and regulations.
13. When issued a pass he should not lend his pass to anybody.
14. He shall always in proper uniform and shall always carry with him his basic requirements, and equipment
such as writing notebook, ball pen, nightstick (baton) and/or radio. He shall endeavor at all times to merit
and be worthy of the trust and confidence of the agency he represents and the client he serves.

4. General Order
1. To take charge of this post and all companies property in view and protect/preserve the same with utmost
diligence.
2. To walk during tour of duty in military manner, keeping always in the alert and observing everything that
takes place within sight or hearing.
3. To report all violation of orders I am instructed to enforce.
4. To repeat all calls from post more distant from the guardhouse where I am station.
5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.
6. To receive, obey and pass out to the relieving guard all order from company officers or officials, supervisors
post in charge or shift leaders.
7. To talk to no one except in the line of duty.
8. To sound or call the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
9. To call the superior officer in any case not covered by instructions.
10. To salute all company officials, superiors in the agency, ranking public officials and commission officers of
the AFP and officers of the PNP.
11. To be especially watchful at night and during the time of challenging to challenge all persons on or near my
post and to allow no one to pass or loiter without proper authority.