The Great

Dying

Who What
After arriving and settling in this new
European colonizers arrived
land, diseases such as measles,
in the country now known
smallpox, influenza, and the bubonic
as America. When they
plague ended up killing 10% of the
arrived, they brought many
world's population. These diseases,
new germs with them,
along with the violence from the
which spread to the Native
colonizers killed 90% of the Native
American population.
American population
(theconversation.com).

The Colonizers came to this new land in hopes of expanding their

How country, which brought many germs that the native population had
never been exposed to. According to The Conversation, "Native
Americas at that time had never been in contact with the pathogens
the colonists brought, creating so-called “virgin soil” epidemics.
People who didn’t die from smallpox, died from the following wave of
influenza. Those who survived that succumbed to measles. Warfare,
famine and colonial atrocities did the rest in the Great Dying." Leaving
only 10% of the original Native population.

Where
The colonizers who brought
all of the infectious diseases
were originally from Europe.
The first place they landed
was what is now known as
the Bahamas. Eventually,
they spread across the
Americas.
When
The colonizers first
landed in America in
1492. However, the
disease and war would
not end until the begging
of the 1600s.

Why
The colonist's plan was to set sail to look for a new
route to India, China, Japan, and the Spice Islands.
Christopher Columbus and his crew were not
expecting nor planning on finding new land.
However, when they saw this new land, they wanted
to take it for themselves.
 The 19th
Amendment

Who
Ida B. Wells and Alice Paul are
two of the many women who Why
Due to the inequality women
pushed for the passage of the
faced in the early 1900s and
19th amendment. They were a
even before, they hoped to
part of a large group called
improve on many injustices. For
Woman's Suffrage Association
example, many jobs were only
(NAWSA), which was created by
available to men, women only
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
made a fraction of what men
Susan B. Anthony, who were
made, women could not vote,
the inspiration for the women's
and much more.
tights movement.

What
The passage of the 19th Amendment has been
fought for since the mid-19th century. According
to National Archives, "[t]he 19th amendment
legally guarantees American women the right to
vote." Which is, unfortunately, only one of the
many things women have been fighting for.

When
The 19th Amendment was
passed by Congress on June 4,
1919, and ratified on August 18,
1920. According to archives.gov
"[a]chieving this milestone
required a lengthy and difficult
struggle—victory took decades
of agitation and protest."
Therefore, the fight began
decades earlier.
Where
One of the largest protests
for the women's rights
movement occurred on
Pennsylvania Avenue in
Washington, DC. More than
5,000 protesters attended
this protest.

Many women had gotten together to create Women's

How Suffrage Organizations to protest their rights.
According to National Archive, "[w]hen New York
adopted woman suffrage in 1917 and President
Wilson changed his position to support an
amendment in 1918, the political balance began to
shift." Which soon led to the ratification of the 19th
Amendment in August of 1920.
 The Freedom
Riders

What
The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

Who began riding these buses across the South

where segregation was most prominent. At
Rosa Parks started this movement after
first, the response was not positive,
being arrested for riding a bus and
according to History.com the “Freedom
refusing to give up her seat. She had the
Riders tried to use “whites-only” restrooms
support of well-known organizations
such as CORE and SNCC, resulting in and lunch counters at bus stations in

roughly 40,00 African American bus Alabama, South Carolina and other Southern

riders participating (History.com). Martin states. The groups were confronted by

Luther King Jr. was a big symbol arresting police officers—as well as horrific
throughout the civil rights movement and violence from white protestors[.]" However,
his ideals were inspired by Mahatma this response did not stop them from
Gandhi. protesting.

Why
This movement began with a Supreme Court decision
declaring that any segregation on public transportation
was unconstitutional, yet many found that public buses
continued to be segregated after this decision was made.
Therefore, the Congress of Racial Equality began riding
these buses across the South where segregation was
most prominent.

Where
The Freedom Riders movement
began in Washington D.C. in
1961, and rode through states
When
The Freedom Riders movement
was started by the Congress of
Racial Equality (CORE) and Rosa
Parks in 1961. In the fall of 1961, all

such as Virginia, the Carolina's, of the attention forced the

Interstate Commerce Commission
Georgia, Alabama, and
to issue regulations prohibiting
Mississippi, ending in New
segregation in interstate
Orleans, Louisiana
transportation.

How
According to Stanford University "The Freedom
Rides were first conceived in 1947 when CORE and
the Fellowship of Reconciliation organized an
interracial bus ride across state lines to test a
Supreme Court decision that declared segregation
on interstate buses unconstitutional." From there, 13
protesters boarded buses in Washington D.C.
 The Stonewall
Riots

Why
Who The Stonewall riots were incited as a
Marsha P. Johnson and
part of a gay liberation movement. For
Silvia Rivera are two of the
many years prior, the LGBTQIA+
main women who are
community has been discriminated
credited for starting this
against. Therefore, inciting a
riot. They also had the
movement for equal rights The
support of many other
ongoing fight for civil rights during
LGBTQIA+ members.
this time period served as a push for
the Stonewall Riots.

The Stonewall riots are known as the breaking point in the

fight for LGBTQIA+ rights. According to History.com "New
What
York City police raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay club
located in Greenwich Village in New York City." The
violence during this raid ended up "leading to six days of
protests and violent clashes with law enforcement."
Therefore creating a catalyst for the Gay Rights
movement.

Where
The Stonewall riots began in
Stonewall Inn, a gay club
located in Greenwich Village
in New York City. After the
raid, the riots began outside
When
The Stonewall riots began
in the early hours of June
28, 1969. They continued

the bar on Christopher for 6 days, and ended on

Street, in neighboring July 4, 1969.

streets, and in nearby

Christopher Park

On June 18th of 1969, the New York City Police

How
Department "arrested 13 people, including
employees and people violating the state’s
gender-appropriate clothing statute (female
officers would take suspected cross-dressing
patrons into the bathroom to check their sex)"
(History.com). Due to the discrimination the
community faced, they decided to fight back.