Professional Documents
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#16,#17
#16,#17
1. Koqand Khanate
(1710-1876).
The Kokand Khanate was a Central Asian state that existed from 1710 to 1876. It was located in
what is now eastern Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan, and northern Kyrgyzstan. The
Kokand Khanate was founded by the Uzbek tribes of the Kokand region, who were able to unite
under the leadership of their khan.
The Kokand Khanate was a powerful state that controlled much of the Ferghana Valley, a fertile
region that was an important center for trade and agriculture. The khanate was able to expand
its territory through a combination of military conquest and alliances with neighboring states.
The Kokand Khanate was known for its cultural and artistic achievements, particularly in the
fields of literature, music, and architecture. It was also a center for Islamic scholarship, and
many renowned religious scholars and leaders were associated with the khanate.
However, the Kokand Khanate was frequently at odds with its more powerful neighbors,
particularly the Russian Empire. The khanate was involved in a number of conflicts with Russia,
and was eventually conquered and annexed by the Russian Empire in 1876.
The Kokand Khanate is remembered as an important part of Central Asian history, and its
legacy can still be seen in the region's cultural and architectural heritage.
Timur was the founder and ruler of the Timurid Empire, which encompassed much of Central
Asia, Iran, and parts of India. He was known for his military campaigns, which were
characterized by their brutality and ruthlessness. Timur conquered numerous territories and
defeated many powerful empires, including the Ottoman Empire, the Mamluk Sultanate, and the
Delhi Sultanate.
Despite his reputation as a conqueror, Timur was also a patron of the arts and sciences. He
supported scholars and artists, and his court in Samarkand became a center of learning and
culture. Timur himself was a poet and writer, and commissioned numerous works of art and
architecture.
After Timur's death in 1405, his empire began to decline. It was eventually divided among his
descendants, who ruled various parts of Central Asia and Iran for several centuries. However,
Timur's legacy lived on, and he became a cultural icon in many parts of the world. His life and
achievements have been celebrated in literature, art, and film, and his influence can still be
seen in the architecture and culture of the regions he conquered.
TICKET 17
1. Kyrgyzstan during
Totalitarian regime. Ata Beyit.
Kyrgyzstan was part of the Soviet Union during the period of totalitarian regime, which lasted
from the 1920s to the 1980s. During this time, the Soviet government exerted strict control over
all aspects of life, including politics, the economy, and culture. The Kyrgyz SSR was no
exception, and the Soviet authorities implemented policies that aimed to suppress dissent and
enforce conformity.
One notable example of this repression was the persecution of intellectuals and writers who
were seen as critical of the Soviet government. Many were arrested, imprisoned, or executed,
and their works were banned or censored. One prominent victim of this repression was Chyngyz
Aitmatov, a Kyrgyz writer who was banned from publishing his works for a period of time.
Another notable event in Kyrgyzstan during the Soviet period was the construction of the Ata
Beyit memorial complex in the capital city of Bishkek. The complex was built to commemorate
the victims of Stalinist repression in Kyrgyzstan, many of whom were buried in unmarked
graves. The site includes a museum, a memorial wall, and a cemetery where the remains of
some of the victims have been reinterred.
Overall, the period of totalitarian rule had a profound impact on Kyrgyzstan and its people. While
the Soviet government brought modernization and development to the country, it also
suppressed dissent and stifled cultural expression. The legacy of this period can still be seen in
the political and social climate of Kyrgyzstan today.
2) Jeenbekov
Sooronbay Jeenbekov is a Kyrgyz politician who served as the fifth President of Kyrgyzstan
from 2017 to 2020. He was born on November 16, 1958, in the village of Kyzyl-Bulak in the
Jalal-Abad region of Kyrgyzstan.
Jeenbekov began his political career in the 1990s, serving as a member of the Kyrgyz
parliament and later as the governor of the Osh region. In 2016, he was appointed as the Prime
Minister of Kyrgyzstan by then-President Almazbek Atambayev.
In 2017, Jeenbekov resigned as Prime Minister to run for President in the country's elections.
He won the election in October 2017, defeating 12 other candidates with over 54% of the vote.
As President, Jeenbekov focused on improving the economy and infrastructure of Kyrgyzstan,
as well as strengthening ties with neighboring countries. He also pledged to combat corruption
and improve the rule of law in the country.
However, Jeenbekov's presidency was marred by political unrest and protests. In October 2020,
following parliamentary elections that were marred by allegations of vote-buying and fraud,
protests broke out in the capital city of Bishkek. Jeenbekov resigned from his position as
President amid the unrest, and was replaced by Sadyr Japarov.
Overall, Jeenbekov's presidency was marked by both achievements and challenges, and his
legacy remains a subject of debate and analysis in Kyrgyzstan.
Ticket 17
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