Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sand Jetting System
Sand Jetting System
An Technologies Subsidiary
leading in
SEPARATION
technology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Information Bulletins
SPIRAFLOWTM Cyclone 2
CDS-Statoil DegasserTM 5
Vane Pack 6
Miscellaneous Internals 7
Case Studies
CDS-Statoil DegasserTM 18
Contact Details 19
INTRODUCTION
page one
oil fields.
The CDS SPIRAFLOWTM cyclone provides a high separation efficiency of fine droplets and foam even at high operating
pressures. It can be positioned either vertically or horizontally within a vessel and due to its high capacity it is ideal for
the revamping of vessels. For new built applications the vessel size with these internals can be
substantially reduced leading to considerable vessel cost and weight savings. The SPIRAFLOWTM
cyclone is very efficient for low and high pressure applications and with low surface tension liquids.
Operating Principle
coalesced into a
Operating Characteristics
The CDS-Gasunie Inlet CycloneTM can be used for the following services:
• Foam breaking. • Degassing.
• High liquid / liquid separation efficiency. • High inlet momentums.
Even at high inlet momentums (up to 65,000 kg/ms2) field trials have proved that both liquid / liquid separation and
defoaming capabilities are improved using this device making it ideal for
retrofit applications. For new built vessels both the size of the inlet piping
and vessel can be reduced thus providing an overall compact solution.
Operating Principle
The optimised blade geometry brings the combined phase
into rotation with minimum shear. The resulting centrifugal
force moves the liquid and solid particles towards the cyclone
wall, where they form a liquid film that flows to the bottom
of the cyclone. The gas leaves the cyclone through the central
vortex finder. The baffles in the bottom of the cyclone stop
the rotation of the liquid, and a blocking plate prevents
liquids from being entrained into the gas. In this way it is
ensured, that no gas carryunder or liquid carryover can occur.
Advantages
• Enables the debottlenecking of both liquid and gas
constrained vessels.
• Not susceptible to fouling.
• Excellent slug handling capabilities.
• High turndown.
CDS-GASUNIE CYCLONE SCRUBBERTM
page four
Operating Principle
The optimised blade geometry brings the combined phase
into rotation. The resulting centrifugal force moves the liquid
and solid particles towards the vessel wall, where they form
a liquid film that flows to the bottom of the vessel.
The gas leaves the vessel through the central vortex finder
connected to the gas outlet nozzle. The baffles in the bottom
of the vessel stop the rotation of the liquid, and a blocking
plate prevents liquids from being entrained into the gas.
In this way it is ensured, that no gas carryunder or liquid
carryover can occur.
Advantages
• Results in small size and low weight as a result of high
allowable gas load factor. It is therefore especially
attractive for offshore applications.
• Maintenance friendly: No small channels or downcomer
pipes that are prone to fouling.
• Excellent slug handling capabilities.
• High turndown.
• Available as retrofit package.
• Over 200 references in a wide variety of applications.
An 18-inch degasser for a produced water line. In the Degasser gas and liquid are separated when the
Capacity water 60,000 Sm3/d; gas 98,000 Sm3/d
multiphase fluid enters the separator where a stationary
swirl element causes the flow to rotate. This rotation forces
the liquid to flow along the outer wall and the gas to flow
in the centre. The gas is removed from the centre into a
scrubber section along with a portion of the liquid for control
purposes. This ‘control’ liquid subsequently rejoins the main
liquid flow leaving the Degasser after the main flow has
passed through an antiswirl element, intended to provide
pressure recovery and to prevent downstream vibrations.
Applications:
• Increases the capacity of existing separators by taking
out the gas upstream of them.
• Reduces the size of new separator vessels.
• Debottlenecking of multiphase lines.
Advantages:
• In-line.
• No (big) vessels necessary.
• Low installation costs.
• Minimal maintenance costs.
• Very flexible to flow fluctuations.
• Separation of gas from liquid > 99.5%.
• Separated gas is 100% free of liquid.
• The gas can go straight to compression or
to flare without further processing.
VANE PACK
page six
the single and double pocket 200 series vanes for horizontal
CDS 230
Operating Principle
The mist laden gas passes through the parallel vane plates
Operating Characteristics
any bulk liquids and solids that may be present and to evenly
distribute the gas flow over the vessel cross section. The even
the fact that the flow through the narrowly spaced plates
▼
4
▼
3
1) Feed Gas Scrubber
2) Amine Absorbers
3) 2nd Stage Recompressor Scrubber
4) 2nd Stage Compressor The thought behind the design was that in order to avoid
liquid entering the absorbers, due to condensation in the
piping and carryover, the gas from the Feed Gas Scrubber
would be mixed with the relatively hot gas from the 2nd Stage
Compressor resulting in superheated gas entering the
absorbers. However, due to substantial liquid carryover from
the scrubbers, a superheated state of the gas was not
achieved. This meant that liquid entered the absorbers,
resulting in poor CO2 removal performance and operational
difficulties.
after the 1998 retrofit, when the vane pack was replaced
vane pack the flow of the gas only changes direction due to
2) Re-entrainment of liquids
For both vane packs and cyclones the limiting factor in
terms of maximum capacity of the unit is the occurrence
of liquid film re-entrainment. This sets the allowable gas
throughputs and therefore limits the velocity and hence
accelerations within the body of the unit.
VANE PACK VS CYCLONE
page fourteen
Ultimately this will therefore limit the droplet size that can be
removed by the device. After all it is pointless to separate
something that is going to re-entrain and be carried-over.
Q
mechanism is different to that of vanes since the liquid is
Q
Q contained inside the cyclone tube as a continuous spinning
film, i.e. there is no end or tip at the outlet from which liquid
gets torn off. A pressure force acting on the liquid discharge
slots in the cyclones causes re-entrainment. In operation this
pressure force is opposed by the centrifugal force generated
by the spinning liquid. For each application it is ensured that
Gas Density (kg/m3) the centrifugal force is greater than the pressure force so that
no re-entrainment occurs. Since the centrifugal forces in the
cyclone are higher than in a vane more gas can be processed
The figure above shows the maximum throughput for a
before re-entrainment becomes a problem.
cyclone (Q max) that is dictated by the re-entrainment limit.
A further benefit is that the re-entrainment mechanism of
The other lines show the minimum throughputs required
within the cyclone in order to remove 12, 15 and 20 micron the SPIRAFLOWTM cyclone is not affected by surface tension.
droplets. As can be seen all droplets can be removed, even
at the higher gas densities, without exceeding the re-
entrainment limit.
CDS-GASUNIE INLET CYCLONETM
page fifteen
65,000 kg/ms2.
inlet device.
CDS-GASUNIE INLET CYCLONETM
page sixteen
Oil, MBbl
In an effort to reduce the chemical
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
separation technology
An Technologies Subsidiary
NOTES
page twenty
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
.............................................................
separation technology
An Technologies Subsidiary
FPSO: STATOIL ÅSGARD A
CONTACT DETAILS
Head Office:
CDS Engineering bv
Delta 101
6825 MN Arnhem, The Netherlands
Tel. 00 31 26 7999100
Fax. 00 31 26 7999119
e-mail: cds@cdsengineering.nl
www.cdsengineering.com
Sales Offices:
CDS Separation Technologies
1500 South Dairy Ashford
Suite 441
Houston
TX 77077, USA
Tel. 00 1 281 529 8470
Fax 00 1 281 529 8471
e-mail: cds.usa@fmcti.com
www.cdsengineering.com
CDS Norge AS
Hamang Terrasse 55
1336 Sandvika, Norway
Tel. 0047 67522530
Fax. 0047 67522531
e-mail: per-reidar@cdsnorge.no
www.cdsengineering.com
CDS Brazil
FMC CBV Subsea
Rod. Pres. Dutra, 2660 km 2,5
Pavuna Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Brasil CEP 21538 900
Tel. 00 5521 2472 7770
Fax. 00 5521 2471 2924
e-mail: cds.brazil@fmcti.com
www.cdsengineering.com
separation technology
An Technologies Subsidiary