DYSLIPIDEMIA

● Most marked reduction in serum cholesterol when dietary cholesterol intake is <100mg/
day.
● Lauric, myristic and palmitic acids (saturated fatty acids) increase LDL-C but also
increase HDL-C.
● Sources of lauric acid: coconut milk and oil, laurel oil, palm kernel oil.
● Sources of myristic acid: coconut oil, mammalian milk, palm oil, butter.
● Sources of palmitic acid: palm and palm kernel oil, butter, cheese, milk, meat.
● PUFAs decrease triglycerides whereas MUFAs might slightly increase the levels.
● Replacing SFA with carbohydrates might increase risk of cardiovascular diseases,
increase sd-LDL, TG and decrease HDL-C.
● High fat meats like beef, pork,lamb, ham, organ meats, butter, lard, margarine need to be
eliminated from diets.
● Skimmed milk, cottage cheese and farmer’s cheese have low cholesterol.
● Higher P:S ratio is desirable to manage hyperlipidemia. Highest P:S ratio is found in
saffola oil. Corn, soybean and sunflower oils also have good P:S ratio. Olive oil has a P:S
ratio of 0.6 and palm oil and coconut oil 0.2.
● Fibre intake 14g/ 1000kcal is desirable.
● Plant sterols/ stanols: 1-3g (average 2g/day) should be consumed.
● Some sterol/ stanol supplements: NOW beta sitosterols 1000mg , Bliss Phytosterols
800mg