CHAPTER 3: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

Practice Problems (Part A) – SOLUTIONS

1. (a) Find the distance between the two points AŸ"1, 3   and BŸ1, "6  .
d Ÿx 1 " x 2   2  Ÿy 1 " y 2   2  Ÿ"1 " 1   2  Ÿ3  6   2  4  81  85 .

(b) Determine the slope of the line through the points A and B from part (a).
y "y
m  x 11 " x 22  3  6  9  " 9
"1 " 1 "2 2

2. Find an equation of the line that satisfies the given conditions. Express each equation in the
form y  mx  b.

a. passes through the points Ÿ2, 1   and Ÿ1, 6  .

y "y
m  x 11 " x 22  1 " 6  "5 y " y 1  mŸx " x 1  
2"1
y " 1  "5Ÿx " 2  
y  "5x  11

b. passes through the point Ÿ1, "6   and is parallel to the line x  6 " 2y.
x  6 " 2y · y  " 12 x  3 D req’d m  " 12 y " y 1  mŸx " x 1  
y  6  " 12 Ÿx " 1  
y  " 12 x " 11
2

c. passes through the point Ÿ2, 6   and is perpendicular to the line y  1.

y  1 is a horizontal line; therefore, the req’d line is vertical with eq’n x  2.

3. 3x  4y  12  0 4
Test point Ÿ0, 0  :
y" Ÿ3x  12   3Ÿ0    4Ÿ0    12  12  0
2
1
4 -6 -4 -2 2 x 4 6
0

y  " x"3
3
4 D sol’n set are all points ‘above’
y  " x"3
3 -4

4 -6
the dotted line.
has x-int: Ÿ"4, 0  
and y-int: Ÿ0, "3  .
4.

a.
Ÿx " 3   2  Ÿy  3   2 1
16 -2 2 x4 6 8

a  4, b  1 and c  16 " 1  15.

2 0

The major axis is parallel to the x-axis.

center: Ÿ3, "3   y

vertices: Ÿ"4, 0   v Ÿ"1, "3  , Ÿ4, 0   v Ÿ7, "3  

Ÿ0, "1   v Ÿ3, "4  , Ÿ0, 1   v Ÿ3, "2   -5

foci: o 15 , 0 v 3 o 15 , "3

b. Ÿy  5   2  "6x  12 · Ÿy  5   2  " 32 Ÿ4  Ÿx " 2  

x
p  " 32 ; parabola opens parallel to "ve x-axis.
-5 5
0

vertex: Ÿ2, "5  

" 32 , 0 v , "5
y
1
focus: 2

directrix: x  3
2
vx 7
2

c.
Ÿx  1   2 " Ÿy " 3   2 1
10

9 16
a  3, b  4 and c 2  16  9  25 y

transverse axis is parallel to x-axis.

center: Ÿ"1, 3   0
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 x 4 6
vertices: Ÿ"3, 0   v Ÿ"4, 3  , Ÿ3, 0   v Ÿ2, 3  
foci: Ÿo5, 0   v Ÿ"6, 3  , Ÿ4, 3  
asymptotes: y  4
3
x v Ÿy " 3    4
3 Ÿx  1   · y  43 x  133
y  " 43 x v Ÿy " 3    " 4
3 Ÿx  1   · y  " 43 x  53
d. 18x 2 " 36x  4y 2  18Ÿx 2 " 2x    4y 2  18 Ÿx " 1   2 " 1  4y 2  0

· 18Ÿx " 1   2  4y 2  18
· Ÿ
x " 1 2 2
 y9  1 2

1 y
2

a  1, b  3
and c 2  9
2
"1  7
2
.
2
-1 1 2 3
The major axis is parallel to the y-axis. x

center: Ÿ1, 0  
vertices: Ÿ"1, 0   v Ÿ0, 0  , Ÿ1, 0   v Ÿ2, 0   -2

0, " 3
v 1, " 3
, 0, 3
v 1, 3
2 2 2 2

foci: 0, o 7
2
v 1, o 7
2

e. x 2 " 4y 2 " 2x  16y  x 2 " 2x " 4Ÿy 2 " 4y    Ÿx " 1   2 " 1 " 4 Ÿy " 2   2 " 4  20
· Ÿx " 1   2 " 4Ÿy " 2   2  20  1 " 16  5
· Ÿ
x " 1 2
" Ÿ 5   1
y"2 2
5
4 5

a 5, b  5
and c 2  5  
y
5 25
2 4 4

transverse axis is parallel to x-axis.

center: Ÿ1, 2   -5 0 5
x
10

vertices: " 5 , 0 v " 5  1, 2 , 5 ,0 v 5  1, 2

foci: o 52 , 0 v " 32 , 2 , 7
2
,2
asymptotes: y  1
2
x v Ÿy " 2    1
2 Ÿx " 1   · y  12 x  32
y  " 12 x v Ÿy " 2    " 1
2 Ÿx " 1   · y  " 12 x  52

f. 3x 2  4y 2 " 6x " 24y  39  0

3Ÿx 2 " 2x    4Ÿy 2 " 6y    39  0
3 Ÿx " 1   2 " 1  4 Ÿy " 3   2 " 9  39  0
3Ÿx " 1   2  4Ÿy " 3   2  3  36 " 39  0
D the solution set is not a conic section, but rather a degenerate conic.
 3Ÿx " 1   2  4Ÿy " 3   2  0
4

· x " 1  0 and y " 3  0 2

· x  1 and y  3
D the solution set is a single point: £Ÿ1, 3  ¤ 0 1

5. Show that the point "1, 2 2 is on the unit circle.

3 3

 1  4Ÿ2    9  1
2
2 2 2
x2  y2  "1 
3 3 9 9 9

6. Given that sin t  3 and that t is in Quadrant II, find cos t and tan t.
5

D cos t  " 4 , tan t  " 3 .

5 4

7. Graph the curve: 2y  cos 3x  = .

2
x 6=
y
1
 cos 1
2 3

D we take y  cos x with:

2=
period (horiz.stretch/comp.)  3

phase shift (horiz.shift)  = to the left

6

amplitude (vert.stretch/comp.)  1
2

no vertical shift