- The lessons of the CATI project

- Some general principles of curricular

- Conclusion
innovation

- Because innovation is always a highly

- Although effecting change will always be
an inexact science
context-specific phenomenon, it is most
unlikely that the specific solutions devised
to resolve problems in one particular
project will be directly transferable to
other contexts of implementation.

- Given the fledgling nature of the change

literature in applied linguistics, there is a
continuing need for further research that
- Curricular innovation is a complex
documents how innovations of different
phenomenon
kinds have been designed, implemented,
and maintained in a variety of contexts of
implementation.

- The principal job of change agents is to

effect desired changes

- Good communication among project

participants is a keyto successful
curricular innovation

- The successful implementation of

educational innovationsis based on a
strategic approach to managing change

- Innovation is an inherently messy,

unpredictable business

- It always takes longer to effect change

than originally anticipated

- There is a high likelihood that change

agents' proposals will be misunderstood

- It is important for implementers to have

a stake in the innovations they are
expected to implement

- It is important for change agents to

work through opinion leaders, who can
influence their peers