LAW ON OBLIGATIONS REVIEWER with respect to the other, to give

By: RL something or to render some service

o Contractual obligations have the force
GENERAL PROVISIONS of law between the parties and should
Definition be complied with in good faith.
 Juridical necessity 3. Quasi-contracts
o Pwedeng isumbong sa korte pag di o Certain lawful, voluntary and
sinunod unilateral acts giving rise to a juridical
 To give, to do or not to do relation to the end that no one shall be
o Pwedeng bagay (tangible or not) unjustly enriched at the expense of
o Pwedeng action or prohibition another
o Walang contract pero sa mata ng
Requisites batas, nagenter kayo sa isang contract
 Passive Subject (debtor/obligor) dahil dun sa voluntary act
o Ang may obligation o Wala dapat maagrabyado, so ibalik
o “Sino ang obligado?” ang nawala
 Active Subject (creditor/obligee) o Negotiorum Gestio
o Ang may karapatang magdemand ng o Voluntary
obligation administration of the
o “Sino ang nangoobliga?” property, business or
 Object or Prestation (subject matter) affairs of another
o Ang obligation mismo without his consent or
o “Ano ang inoobliga?” authority
 Juridical or legal tie (efficient cause) o “Utang na loob mo”
o Punot dulo or ang proof ng obligation o Solution Indebiti
o “Bakit may obligation?” o Payment by
MISTAKE of an
Civil Obligation vs Natural Obligation obligation which was
Civil Obligation Natural Obligation not due when paid
Based on positive law Based on natural law o “Ibalik mo ang hindi
Enforceable by court NOT enforceable by sayo”
court o Other examples
o Articles 2164-2175
Forms of Obligation 4. Crimes or acts or omissions punished by law
o General Rule: NO FORM o Civil liability arising from criminal
o Exceptions: offense.
1. Required by law in order to be valid o Restitution, Reparation of the damage
2. Required by law in order to be caused, Indemnification of
enforceable consequential damages
3. Required by law for the convenience 5. Quasi-delicts (tort or culpa aquiliana)
of the parties or 3rd party o Acts or omissions that cause damage
to another
Kinds of Obligation according to Subject Matter o There’s fault or negligence
1. Real Obligation o There’s damage caused
o Bagay ang pinaguusapan o No pre-existing relation between the
2. Personal Obligation parties
o Act or Gawain ang pinaguusapan
o DAPAT mong gagawin or WAG NOTES:
mong gagawin Compliance in good faith
o o Honest ka dapat, walang malisya at ibang
Sources of Obligation intention
1. Law Right
o Rule of conduct, just and obligatory, o Superpower galing sa batas na magdemand
laid down by a legitimate authority ng subject matter sa isang obligation
for common observance and benefit Wrong or Injury
o Legal Obligations o Pagnaviolate yung superpower
o NOT presumed (hindi pwedeng
iassume na may obligation unless
sinabi sa batas)
2. Contracts (Consent, Object, Cause)
o Meeting of the minds between two
person whereby one binds himself,