INTRODUCTION

 WHAT ARE FRACTAL ARTS ?

Fractal art is a form of algorithmic art created by calculating fractal objects
and representing the calculation results as still digital images, animations,
and media. Fractal art developed from the mid-1980s onwards. It is a genre
of computer art and digital art which are part of new media art. The
mathematical beauty of fractals lies at the intersection of generative art and
computer art. They combine to produce a type of abstract art.

It was assumed that fractal art could not have developed without computers
because of the calculative capabilities they provide. Fractals are generated by
applying iterative methods to solving non-linear equations or polynomial
equations. Fractals are any of various extremely irregular curves or shapes
for which any suitably chosen part is similar in shape to a given larger or
smaller part when magnified or reduced to the same size.

 TYPES OF FRACTALS ARTS :

 FRACTAL ARTS IN HUMAN BODY
 FRACTALS IN LUNGS :
The lungs are an excellent example of a natural fractal organ. The volume of
a pair of human lungs is only about 4-6 liters but the surface area of the
same pair of lungs is between 50-100 square meters. This is possible only
because the structure of the lungs is fractal. The structure of the lung is well-
suited for the efficient exchange of respiratory gases. Through the airway
and vascular trees, fresh gases and venous blood are delivered &send to and
removed from a large alveolar capillary surface area. In an adult, inhaled air
enters the trachea with a cross-sectional area of ∼3 cm2 and is delivered to
the alveoli with a surface area of ∼140 m2 .

 FRACTALS IN DNA :
Every cell in the body must be close to a blood
vessel, say within about a hundred microns to be
able to receive oxygen and nutrients. The fractal
branching network of blood vessels down to the
width of a capillary, which is about eight microns
in diameter makes it possible. The length of blood
vessels in the human body could be about 150,
000-kilometers of blood vessels as there are
about 250 capillaries /mm3 of body tissue and the
average length of a capillary is about six hundred
microns.
 FRACTAL ARTS IN ARCHITECTURE
Architects are increasingly interested in fractal patterns and shapes and are
beginning to use them in their designs. Applications tend to be restricted to
fractal building plans and fractal decoration on façades. The fractal forms
that have been built recently, however, contrast strikingly with traditional
fractal architectural expressions such as the Gothic form language (Joye
2007). Elementary pure solids and fractals represent opposite ends of the
design spectrum: the former express reductionist design in Hindu temple
architecture, geometry always plays a vital and enigmatic role. The
geometry of a plan starts with a line, forming an angle, evolving into a
triangle, then a square and distinctly a circle, and so on, ultimately deriving
complex forms. As per the previous discussion, the occurrence of
complexity results in self-similarity and further leads to fractal geometry.
 REASON BEHIND THE USE OF FRACTAL
GEOMETRY IN HINDU TEMPLE
ARCHITECTURE

The following are some probable reasons behind the use of Fractal
Geometry in Hindu temple architecture:
a) It can be argued that practicing fractals is none other than the
implication of the sense of completeness since the concept of fractals is
that of the part to whole and whole to part.
b) The fractal theory fully supports the Hindu philosophical concept of
“one among all, all is one”. It brings the feeling of oneness (the concept
of Atman).
c) It can bring a sense of strength, both structurally as well as visually.
d) Self-similar elements in the design, seek the attention of the visitors
and pilgrims repeatedly and gradually entice them to think about it and
create a clear state of mind with a holistic perception.
e) Self-similar repetition in structure generates an identity of elements
as well as form.
f) Experimentation can also be a reason behind the evolution and
realization of fractal theory in Hindu temple architecture through the
ages.
g) The term, “Self-similar” brings a sense of modularity. Therefore, it
generates the same style of work using the same modules, which saves
resources. Local materials, workmanship, and time offer ease of
execution across huge structures, such as temples within the same
region.
h) Making similar kinds of elements repeatedly generates a habit and
practice and practice perfects the execution.
 FRACTAL ARTS IN NATURE
A recent collection of pictures by the art photographer Luca Caciagli is
introduced by the author as follows: The "Komorebi" project is inspired by
fractal geometry. “Komorebi” is an untranslatable Japanese word, which
eloquently captures the effect of sunlight streaming through the leaves of
the trees. The term "fractal" was coined by the mathematician Benoît
Mandelbrot, to describe those irregular forms of nature, such as a cloud, a
coast, or a tree. Extending any part of a fractal gives a figure similar to the
original. I believe that photography can make us imagine more complete
relationships between man and nature, based on concepts of unity,
interdependence, and equality, inherent in the idea of fractals. In Komorebi,
the affinities in the fractal geometric structure are reinterpreted with the
double exposure trying to distance the viewer from the classic identification
of a subject present in nature.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank our respected Biology
teacher Mrs. Mousumi Roy and our class teacher
Mrs. Romlia Poddar for their assistance through
out the research and the initial development of
the conjecture. I would also like to thank our
principal Mr. Sanjay Adhya for presenting this
opportunity.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 www.google.com
 www.fractalarts.in
 www.googleimages.com
 www.wikipedia.com

THANK YOU
 CONCLUSION
The human brain comprises approximately 100 billion neurons
with about 100 trillion synapses or connections among these
neurons and on average, each neuron may have to communicate
with about a thousand cells at a time. The axons reach out to
make synaptic connections with the dendrites of other neurons. It
is the fractal branching pattern of the neuron’s axons and
dendrites that allows them to communicate with so many other
cells.
Many scientists are trying to find applications for fractal geometry,
from predicting stock market prices to making new discoveries in
theoretical physics. Fractals have more and more applications in
science such as in astronomy, computer science (fractal
compression), fluid mechanics, telecommunications (fractal
antenna), and medical science. Sometimes fractals describe the
real world better than traditional mathematics and Physics. THUS
FRACTAL ARTS ARE SPREAD AROUND IN NATURE AND ESSENTIAL
IN OUR LIFESTYLE AND ALL BIO-ORGANISMS LIKE US.
 An ART INTEGRATED project
work on the topic:

“Comparison of Fractal Arts of West

Bengal and Ladakh”

BY:

Debol Paul
Suparno Bhattacharyya
Iswar Singha Roy
Aritra Dey
Sharanya Pal
Debsmita Bag
Sattwiki Chowdhury
 INDEX
SERIAL TOPICS PAGE
NO. NO.
I Credits 01

II Acknowledgement 02

III Introduction 03
What are Fractal Arts?
Types of Fractal Arts
IV Fractal Arts in Human Body 04
Fractals in Lungs
Fractals in DNA
V Fractal Arts in Architecture 05-
Reason behind the use of 06
Fractal Geometry in Hindu
Temple Architecture
VI Fractal Arts in Nature 07
VII Conclusion 08
VIII Bibliography 09