I.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:
a. Define what parallel structure is;
b. Identify parallel structure and faulty parallelism; and
c. Use parallel structures in composing well-constructed sentences.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
a. Topic: Use Parallel Structure
b. Reference: DepEd Module, English 8-Week 6, page 1-8
c. Materials: PPT/Visual Aids, Chalk, Board
III. PROCEDURE

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

a. Pre-lesson Activity
 Routines
Cleanliness of the room The cleaners for the day clean the room
Checking of attendance The class secretary will check the
 Motivation attendance for today
“PASS THE MESSAGE”
Mechanics:
- A message is given to the first person in a line of group and they The Student will participate to the game.
are instructed to pass the message on by whispering it in the ear of
the person in line
- The message goes from person to person until it reaches the end of
the line, and that person announces the message to the group.
- The last person need to announce the message complete.
1. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream.
2. A big black bug, bit a big black bear.
3. An ape hate grape cakes.
4. Billybob blabbered boldly.
5. A shapeless sash sags slowly
6. A proper copper coffee pot.
7. Sic sticky skeletons.
8. Double bubble gums, bubbles double.
9. Kitty caught the kitten in the kitchen.
10. Eddie edited it.

b. Lesson Proper
What is Parallel Structure?
 Parallel structure is also called parallelism.
 It means using the same pattern of words to show that two
or more ideas have the same level of importance.
 The pattern can be at the word, phrase, or clause level.
 The usual way to join parallel structure is with the use of
coordinating conjunctions such as “and” and “or”
Examples:
1. Alphonse brings pens, erasers and calculators in the
examination room.
(word level, plural nouns)
2. The students will clean the rooms, paint the walls, and fix
the doorknobs.
(phrase level, verb phrase)
3. They left the session after they had submitted the
proposals and when the payment was made.
(clause level, adverbial clause)
What is Faulty Parallelism?
  It is also called parallel structure error or parallel
construction error.
 It happens when patterns of words in a sequence or a list
is not parallel or the same.
Examples: Learning a language involves correctness of usage
and fluent
speaking.
correctness-noun form
fluent-adjective form
Corrected:
1. Learning a language involves correctness of usage and
fluency in speaking.
Parallel Structure
Correctness- noun form
Fluency- noun form
2. Learning a language involves correct usage and fluent
speaking.
Parallel Structure
Correct- adjective form
Fluent- adjective form
When should parallel structure be used?
Parallel Structure can be used effectively in writing:
 Lists
Example: The book contains these parts: table of contents,
title page, appendix and glossary.
 Infinitives (to + verb)
Example: To read a book and to write a poem are my
favorite hobbies.
OR To read a book and write a poem are my favorite
hobbies.
(Note: You can use "to" before all the verbs in a sentence
or only before the first one.)
 Words ending with “-ing”
Example: Structuring parts of a composition and
correcting pieces of information are needed in effective
writing.
 Coordinating conjunctions in a sentence
Examples: The students like painting, writing and playing
sports. Coordinating Conjunction
Vito may paint, write or play sports in the event.
Coordinating Conjunction
 Multiple clauses in a sentence or paragraph
Example: The trainer told the contestants that they should
get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and
that they should do some practice drills before the
competition.

“Nay or Yay?”
Direction: Read the sentences below carefully. Determine whether each Answer:
sentence has parallel structure. Write YAY if the sentence has a parallel 1. YAY
structure and NAY if it has faulty parallelism. 2. NAY
1. Alphonse loves reading novels, short stories and poems. 3. YAY
2. The students are required to listen attentively, taking down notes and to 4. YAY
behave nicely during the webinar. 5. YAY
3. The teachers drafted the outline, wrote the essay and prepared the test. 6. NAY
4. To write poetry and composing music have a relaxing effect. 7. YAY
5. The class was assigned to deliver a speech and debating. 8. YAY
6. Everyone’s dreams are to finish school and to become successful. 9. NAY
7. To see is to believe, while to do is believing. 10. NAY
8. The school provides an environment of learning, fun and discovering.
9. Weekends are for resting and for bonding with loved ones.
10. Laughter and crying are good for the heart.

c. Post-lesson Activity
“Finders Keepers”
Direction: Complete the sentences correctly by finding the parallel
elements in the pool of words below. Write only the letter of the correct
answer.

a. lives a positive life b. fantastic ambiance c. will stay at home

d. coming e. composing themselves
Answer:
1. The restaurant has a good view, ________ and sumptuous food. 1. b
2. Felice takes good care of her body, rests well, and _______. 2. a
3. In the room, the class was ________, preparing their props and 3. e
rehearsing their line before they perform in the event. 4. c
4. Will she attend the party or _________. 5. d
5. Neither of them was ________ nor performing in the competition.

d. Generalization/Reminder
➢ Parallel Structure means using the same pattern of words to
show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance
➢ Faulty Parallelism happens when patterns of words in a
sequence or a list is not parallel or the same
➢ Parallel Structure can be used in lists, coordinating
conjunctions in a sentence, infinitives, and multiple clauses in a
sentence or paragraph.

IV. EVALUATION
A. Directions: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if it is
FALSE. If the statement is FALSE, write the word or
phrase that makes it incorrect. Answer:
1. Faulty parallelism happens when patterns of words in a A.
sequence or a list is not parallel or the same. 1. T
2. Conjunctions are used to join parallel parts in a sentence 2. T
with similar ideas. 3. T
3. Parallel structure can be in a pattern of words, phrases and 4. T
clauses.
4. The usual way to join parallel structure is with the use of B.
coordinating conjunctions such as “and” and “or. 1. PS
B. Directions: Identify whether the following sentences 2. FP
contain parallel structure or faulty parallelism. Write PS for 3. PS
parallel structure and FP for faulty.
1. Marco looked for me in the library, at the corridor and C. Answers may vary.
behind the school.
2. I will bring my complete, clear and accurately notes.
3. She does not only study well, but also work hard.
C. Directions: Construct sentences using the following
elements. Encircle the parallel elements.
1. Parallel adjectives in a list
_______________________________________________
2. Parallel infinitives using “and”
 _______________________________________________
3. Parallel nouns using “or”
_______________________________________________

V. ASSIGNMENT
“Part of a Whole”
Direction: Read the sentences below. Examine the highlighted words and the way they are formed in relation to the
ideas they conveyed. Then, list down words that have similar structures to complete the table.
1. We thank all our international guests for having come to take possession with the people of our country of what is,
after all, a common victory for justice, for place, for human dignity.
2. We commit ourselves to the construction of a complete, just, and lasting peace.
3. We trust that you will continue to stand by us as we tackle the challenges of building peace, prosperity, nonsexism,
nonracialism, and democracy.
4. We must therefore act together as a united people for national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a
new world.

List of Word List of Phrase List of Word List of Phrase List of Word List of Phrase List of Word List of Phrase
List of Nouns (Word List of Nouns (Word List of Nouns (Word List of Nouns (Word

Answer:
List of Word: List of Phrase List of Nouns List of Adjectives
complete for justice peace complete
just for place prosperity just
lasting for human dignity nonsexism lasting
peace for national nonracialism
reconciliation
prosperity democracy
for for nation
nonsexism
building
nonracialism
for the birth of a
democracy new world