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Final copy 558 - This is a mini project

Information Technology (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada)

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A Community Service Project Report on

Organic Farming

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

By

SOOTHI SRIRAM(20A31A0558)

Under the guidance of

Mr. K. V. V. Subba r a o ,
M. tech Asst. Professor

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA & Accredited by NBA)

1-378, A.D.B. Road, Surampalem, Near Peddapuram-533437

2020-24

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PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK, KAKINADA & Accredited by NBA)

1-378, A.D.B. Road, Surampalem, Near Peddapuram – 533437

CERTIFICATE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

This is to certify that the Community Service Project Report entitled “ORGANIC
FARMING” is being submitted by SOOTHI SRIRAM (20A31A0558), in partial
fulfillment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in COMPUTER
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING of Pragati Engineering College, for the record of bonafide
work carried out by him/her.

Faculty Co-Ordinator Head of the Department

Mr.K.V.V.SUBBARAO Dr. M. Radhika Mani, Ph.D.

M.tech Asst.Professor Professor & HOD, Dept of CSE

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Community Service Project Report

Submitted in accordance with the requirement for the
degree of………….

Name of the College:

Department:

Name of the Faculty Guide:

Duration of the CSP: From……… To………

Name of the Student:

Programme of Study:

Year of Study:

Register Number:

Date of Submission:

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Student’s Declaration

I, , a student of Program,
Reg. No. of the Department of ,
College do hereby declare that I have completed
the mandatory community service from to in
(Name of the Community/Habitation) under the
Faculty Guideship of , (Name of the Faculty Guide),
Department of in College

(Signature and Date)

Endorsements

Faculty Guide

Head of the Department

Principal

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Acknowledgements
I would like to thank our Principal, Satyanarayana sir, for providing me this
wonderful opportunity to work on a project with the topic “ORGANIC
FARMING”.

I would like to express my profound gratitude to Dr.M.Radhika Mani Mam,

Professor of Computer Science & Engineering (CSE) department for inspiring
us all the way and for arranging all the facilities and resources needed for
our project. .Your useful advice and suggestions were really helpful during
the project’s completion.

I would like to express my special thanks to our Mr.K.V.V.Subbarao for her

time and efforts she provided.

We wish to thank our Parents for their immense support and suggestions
during our project work.

Finally, I would want to convey my sincere thanks to my Team members,

without them the task would not have been accomplished in such a timely
manner.

SOOTHI SRIRAM
(20A31A0558)

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Contents

Chapter 1: Executive summary

Chapter 2: Overview of the community

Chapter 3: Community service part

Activity log

Chapter 5: Outcomes Description

Mini Project

Chapter 6: Recommendations and Conclusions of the

Miniproject

Student Self-Evaluation for the Community Service

Project

Evaluation by the Person in-charge in the Community /

Habitation

Photos & Video links

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v Chapter 1: Executive summary

Hearing the word ‘organic’ is quite common. Most people are

under the impression that organic means anything which is
prepared without the use of chemicals or the absence of GMO’s.
While these impressions are not incorrect, they do not describe
the complete picture. It was in the year 2005 that leaders from
around the world, comprising farmers, eaters, politicians,
scientists and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture
Movements, together identified four crucial principles to define
the word ‘organic’. because of the principles of organic farming
that greater clarity could be instilled to the concept of organic
produce. Organic farming is not a new method of farming.
Organic farming in India is an agricultural method that intends to
grow crops to maintain the soil alive. And in good health, organic
waste, waste crops, animal and farm waste, aquatic waste, and
additional organic materials are accepted Organic farming
benefits the environment by lessening pollution, decreasing soil
degradation, focusing on biological productivity, preserving soil
from erosion, etc. This farming method increases the fertility of
the soil without creating any infliction like conventional farming
techniques

Here are the core objectives of organic farming:

• The consistent and adequate production of healthy and
nutritious food • To develop crops in a manner that maintains
their growth without interfering with their inherent behaviours
and conditions.
• To lessen pollution, soil erosion, and soil degradation
• To provide optimal long-term fertilization through natural
pesticides for the biological actions of crops
• To preserve genetic and biological diversity between plants
and animals
• To improve the management of recycling materials and rely on
renewable sources in industries
• To make organic products to defend crops from insects and
plants

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Chapter 2: Overview of the community

Thokada Village:

According to Census 2011 information the location code or

village code of Thokada village is 587418. Thokada village is
located in Rajanagaram mandal of East Godavari district in
Andhra Pradesh, India. It is situated 9km away from sub-district
headquarter Rajanagaram (tehsildar office) and 64km away from
district headquarter Kakinada. As per 2009 stats, Thokada village
is also a gram panchayat.

The total geographical area of village is 1886 hectares. Thokada

has a total population of 5,725 peoples, out of which male
population is 2,922 while female population is 2,803. Literacy
rate of thokada village is 54.11% out of which 54.31% males and
53.91% females are literate. There are about 1,527 houses in
thokada village. Pincode of thokada village locality is 533296.

3. Rameswaram village:

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According to Census 2011 information the location code or

village code of Rameswaram village is 587852. Rameswaram
village is located in Sakhinetipalle mandal of East Godavari
district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is situated 3km away from
sub-district headquarter Sakhinetipalle (tehsildar office) and
115km away from district headquarter Kakinada. As per 2009
stats, Rameswaram village is also a gram panchayat.

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Chapter 3: Community service part

The activates that we conducted included:

 Interacting with farmers

 Asking them questions to suggest organic farming
 Getting questions from them
 Giving information on organic farming
 Giving advice to managements
 General awareness on synthetic chemical usage
 Giving guidelines on how to improve organic farming

The values that we learnt in the project

 Our project facilitated us with an understanding of the issues
that confront the farmers.
 It initiated a brief note on organic farming
 Encouraging farmers to do organic farming
 How to overcome diseases

The process of organic farming

1.Crop Diversity: Now a days a new practice has come into picture which
is called -Polyculture- in which a variety of crops can be cultivated
simultaneously just to meet the increasing demand of crops. Unlike the
ancient practice which was -Monoculture- in which only one type of crop was
cultivated in a particular location.

2. Soil Management:After the cultivation of crops, the soil loses its

nutrients and its quality depletes. Organic agriculture initiates the use of
natural ways to increase the health of soil. It focuses on the use of bacteria
that is present in animal waste which helps in making the soil nutrients
more productive to enhance the soil.

3. Weed Management: -Weed-, is the unwanted plant that grows in

agricultural fields. Organic agriculture pressurizes on lowering the weed
rather than removing it completely.

4. Controlling other organisms: There are both useful and harmful

organisms in the agricultural farm which affect the field. The growth of such
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organisms needs to be controlled to protect the soil and the crops. This can
be done by the use of herbicides and pesticides that contain less chemicals
or are natural. Also, proper sanitization of the entire farm should be
maintained to control other organisms.

5. Livestock: Organic farming instigates domestic animals use to increase

the sustainability of the farm.

6. Genetic Modification: Genetic modification is kept away from this kind

of agricultural set up because organic farming focuses on the use of natural
ways.

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Chapter 5: Outcomes Description

1.As part of this program we visited to above three villages and conducted
survey on the problems.
2.In our team every member visited 60 farmers We collected data from totally
300 members.
3.We surveyed what type of agriculture they are doing what technologies they
are using and what whether they are doing organic or inorganic methods
4.We also collected information about pesticides they are using and income of
them. We also collected information about problems they are facing.
5.All Farmers are actively participated in the survey and they welcomed us very
well.
6.We also collected information about what crop they are farming.
7.We asked different types of questions to collect as much as information.

Some questions are:

1. Name of the farmer
2. Age of the farmer
3. Gender
4. Type of crop they are cultivating
5. Organic or inorganic methods??
6. Are you aware of government schemes?
7. Are you aware of soil testing If so what type of soil testing they are doing?

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Problems identified
1.Decreasing of soil fertility, due to excess use of fertilizers and pesticides We,
heard that the crop production is decreasing year by year and the reason for this
is the decrease in power of soil. Too much fertilizer can result in stunted growth
and withering or death to the plants commonly known as leaf scorch; decrease
the organic matter in the soil leading to soil acidification. They are telling that
different diseases are effecting the crop these days and when they use pesticides
to cure them it effecting the plant growth. Ultimately, the farmer is effecting for
this reason. This was the main problem in our problem analysis. • The synthetic
chemicals in the chemical fertilizers adversely affect the health of naturally found
soil micro-organisms by affecting the soil pH. These altered levels of acidity in
the soil eliminate the micro-organisms beneficial to plant and soil health as they
help to increase the plants' natural defenses against pests and diseases.
• As a result of chemical fertilizer use the health of soil and water is jeopardized,
not to mention the waste of money and nutrient deficient plants. The presence of
a number of acids in the soil, such as hydrochloric and sulfuric acids, creates a
damaging effect on soil referred to as soil friability.
2. No Awareness on Soil Testing We, noticed that all the farmers are in a mindset
that the land is suitable to only some particular crop. They are not interested to
cultivate new crops which are suitable to that particular soil. They are not aware
of the soil testing techniques which provide them the properties of the soil, which
crop has to be grown and what fertilizers are used to that crop. We discussed
with the government officials of that particular village about the soil testing
techniques that government providing to the farmers. They need awareness
about that particular soil testing scheme providing by government which is of
free of cost. It can bring changes in the farming methods and mindset of farmer
to which crop has to cultivate in their land.
low yield Constraints of Organic Farming:
• Lack of awareness
• Lack of good marketing policies
• Shortage of biomass
• Inadequate farming infrastructure
• High input cost of farming
• Inappropriate market of Organic input
• Inefficient agricultural policies
• Lack of financial support
• Inability to meet the export demand
• Lack of quality standards for manure
• Low yield

3. No Reasonable price and Cost of Labour In most of the farmers we are hearing
that they are not getting reasonable price for their crop production. When we see
these days the prices of every goods is increased but the price of food grains are
not increasing. They are not getting any good profit even the crop was good. In
case of floods and cyclones they are going in to the debts. Because of this issue
many farmers are not wiiling to do the farming they are seeing alternate ways to

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live. Some of them are working as night watchmen by quiting the farming. This
situation have to be changed by providing them a reasonable price. Another
major problem we heard is the availability of labour and cost of the labour. As, we
discussed above people are not wiiling to come in the farms especially the new
generations there by the availability of the workers decreasing.

5. No awareness on the government schemes provided by the government We

heard that many of the farmers are not getting funds, crop damages and other
subcidies from the government due to lack of awareness. There not aware of the
schemes provided by the government because of their illiteracy

Some of the government schemes are:

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
Pradhan Mantri FasalBima Yojana (PMFBY)
Gramin BhandaranYojna Micro Irrigation Fund (MIF)

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Short-term and long-term action plan for possible solutions for the
problems identified and that could be recommended to the concerned authorities
for implementation.
Soil Fertility
Soil fertility may be defined as the ability of soil to provide all essential plant
nutrients in available forms and in a suitable balance whereas soil productivity is
the resultant of several factors such as soil fertility, good soil management
practices availability of water supply and suitable climate. In order for soil to be
productive, it must: (i) Be easily tillable and fertile

Solutions:
Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add
organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a
healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen
from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation; by micro-dose
fertilizer applications, to replenish losses through plant uptake and other
processes; and by minimizing losses through leaching below the crop rooting
zone by improved water and nutrient application.

Soil Testing:
A soil test can determine fertility, or the expected growth potential of the soil
which indicates nutrient deficiencies, potential toxicities from excessive fertility
and inhibitions from the presence of nonessential trace minerals. The test is used
to mimic the function of roots to assimilate minerals.
Agriculture labour problems and solutions Problems of Agriculture
Labor

➢ Wages and Income. Agricultural wages and family incomes of agricultural

workers are very low in India. With the advent of the Green Revolution, money
wage rates started increasing. However, as prices also increased considerably,
the real wage rates did not increase accordingly. Currently labours are getting
around Rs. 150/day under the MGNREGA in rural areas
➢ Employment and Working Conditions. The agricultural labourers have to face
the problems of unemployment and underemployment. For a substantial part of
the year, they have to remain unemployed because there is no work on the farms
and alternative sources of employment do not exist. ➢ Indebtedness. In the
absence of banking system in the rural areas and trial process of sanction by the
commercial banks, farmers prefers to take loans from un institutional sources like
Sahukars (moneylenders), landlords at the very high rate (in some cases at 40%
to 50%) . This exorbitant rate traps in the vicious circle of debt.

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Community awareness programs

Our team has conducted some camps for the farmers the main problems
discussed with the farmers are
Expensive Products One of the significant problems of organic farming methods
is that sometimes it can get a bit expensive. Some products correlated to organic
farming are too expensive, leading to some ordinary people not able to afford
them. In India, where most of their livelihoods are farmers, organic farming
produces a huge problem.
High MRP It is relatively apparent that the results would be kept at a high price
due to the extreme care taken with organic farming. The items sold in the market
are half the price of non-organic products. So, we can say that organic items are
costly, and not every customer is ready to pay the price for them. Labour
Charges Labour charges refer to the amount payable to someone who has been
involved in the building or working of something. In organic farming ventures,
labour is high, and it takes a lot of time and patience to get work done. If one
cannot do it by oneself, a lot of labour would be hired, increasing the workers’
payment. No subsidies Most industrialized countries offer farm subsidies of some
type to encourage people to become farmers. Without farmers, it would be
difficult to have our food and fuel demands met, after all. Unfortunately, most of
the subsidies that are authorized only apply to farmers that are growing
commodity products. Without access to subsidies, organic farmers take on many
more risks that could wipe them out, such as weather changes or a crop failure
Status of Organic Farming The growth of organic farming in India was quite
dawdling with only 41 000 hectares of organic land comprising merely 0.03% of
the total cultivated area. In India during 2002, the production of organic farming
was about 14 000 tonnes of which 85% of it was exported. The most important
barrier considered in the progress of organic agriculture in India was the lacunae
in the government policies of making a firm decision to promote organic
agriculture. Moreover, there were several major drawbacks in the growth of
organic farming in India which include lack of awareness, lack of good marketing
policies, shortage of biomass, inadequate farming infrastructure, high input cost
of farming, inappropriate marketing of organic input, inefficient agricultural
policies, lack of financial support, incapability of meeting export demand, lack of
quality manure, and low yield Constraints Problems : • Lack of awareness • Lack
of good marketing policies • Shortage of biomass • Inadequate farming
infrastructure • High input cost of farming • Inappropriate market of Organic
input • Inefficient agricultural policies • Lack of financial support • Inability to
meet the export demand • Lack of quality standards for manure • Low yield
Awareness camp sugessions to the farmers : 1. Improvement and maintenance of
the natural landscape and agro-ecosystem. 2. Avoidance of overexploitation and
pollution of natural resources. 3. Minimization of the consumption of non-
renewable energy resources. 4. Exploitation synergies that exist in a natural
ecosystem. 5. Maintenance and improve soil health by stimulating activity or soil
organic manures and avoid harming them with pesticides. 6. Optimum economic
returns, with a safe, secure, and healthy working environment. 7.
Acknowledgement of the virtues of indigenous know-how and traditional farming
Outcomes: Farmers were impressed and satisfied for the camp they felt it was
very use full and they said that we will utilize these ideas for the organic farming

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MINI PROJECT WORK

After the survey the main problems of farmers we found are:

1. Farmers are not aware of organic farming benefits

2. They are also not aware of government schemes

3. They are facing problems in soil testing implementation

So our team decided to develop a Web App which helps the farmers

to get information in a easy way.

Our Web Application consists four sections

1. Organic farming section

2. Government schemes section

3. Soil testing section

4. About the session

Home page:

1. Organic Farming Section:

In this section we provided information about organic farming

and advantages of organic farming.

We also provided various techniques and methods to implement organic

farming.

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1. Government Schemes Section:

In this section we mentioned arious government schemes
that are available.we also mentionedthe registration process
for schemes.

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3.Soil Testing Scheme:

In this section we mentioned various soil testing techniques available

and importance of soil testing and schemes that encourages the soil

testing.

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About Us:

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Chapter 6: Recommendations and

Conclusions of the Miniproject

We have developed a website to spread awareness on farming schemes . Our

website gives information about farming schemes the process involved in the
farming and also allow to register for problems and schemes. In future, we can
develop this website in such a way that it can help the people to check for slots
for schemes . We can also develop the website such that people can directly
contact farming resource centers.

Conclusion

It is an information web site for farmers is can understand easily to the farmers to register for the
government schemes directly for any queries toll free number also will be provided for the
convineince We can also develop the website such that people can directly contact
farming resource centers.

We have developed a website to spread awareness on farming schemes . Our

website gives information about farming schemes the process involved in the
farming and also allow to register for problems and schemes.

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PHOTOS & VIDEO LINKS

Mini project video link : https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=1aC4IheY19q5qlWSNl7lTRNgU4U9zzOmh

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