FACTORS ON DEMOCRACY IN MALAYSIA

Economic Development
Economic progress and democracy have been found to be strongly correlated in
political science. On the nature relationship as well as the underlying causative process and
however significant dispute. The most prosperous nations at the time also had the longest-
lasting democracies, according to early modernization thinkers, whereas the poorest nations
struggled to establish democracy. Many people viewed this correlation as evidence that
economic growth, as indicated by GDP per capita, lays the foundation for democratic
changes. Some others even believed that democratization was the final phase of modernity.
The basic thesis is that economic development creates a middle class that is educated,
entrepreneurial, and motivated to participate in governance. Even the most restrictive
nations will eventually yield to this pressure.

A sizable middle class is frequently viewed as a stabilizing and moderating force that
curbs authoritarian tendencies. It is believed that socioeconomic inequalities exacerbate
class tensions. In severe situations, both the wealthy and the impoverished are willing to use
authoritarian methods to impose their will on the other. The middle class counterbalances
these extremist viewpoints because they care about economic security and stability. They
seek to uphold the rule of law and good governance in order to protect their economic,
political, and social rights as property owners. The democratic movements in nations as
disparate as the United Kingdom, the United States, Korea, and the Philippines were heavily
influenced by middle class demands for democratic improvements. However, it is also true
that individuals of the middle class do not necessarily favor democracy.

It seems that education is highly important. Even though education levels tend to
rise along with economic development, many researchers believe that education is a key
factor in making democracy possible in less developed countries. Citizens with greater
education are better able to understand political issues and are more likely to take part in
political change. They are more interested in public issues and seek both responsibility and
inclusion. Furthermore, persons with advanced education are more likely to support
democratic ideals. What is taught and discussed in the educational system has a significant
impact on whether education supports democracy. Citizens must be provided with the
knowledge, tools, and flexibility to investigate and assess various political viewpoints if
education is to contribute in democratization.

One common claim is that democracies must have the consent of the people in
order to function effectively, and this claim is based on the legitimacy of the system.
Effective performance, which is often gauged in terms of economic growth, is the basis for
legitimacy. Furthermore, the loss of popular support is neither a necessary nor sufficient
condition for the demise of democracy; rather than a popular uprising, elite conspiracies
frequently bring about the end of democracies.