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PAKISTAN STUDIES HSSC–II (2nd Set Solution)

SECTION – A (Marks 10)
Time allowed: 15 Minutes

Section – A is compulsory. All parts of this section are to be answered on this page and handed
over to the Centre Superintendent. Deleting/overwriting is not allowed. Do not use lead pencil.

Q.1 Fill the relevant bubble for each part. All parts carry one mark.
1. What was the significant achievement of the Simla Deputation (1906)?
A. Separate homeland ⃝
B. Urdu as national language ⃝
C. Separate Electorate
D. Demand for a separate political party ⃝

2. Total currency reserves of United India were estimated in 1947:

A. Rs 2 billion ⃝ B. Rs 4 billion
C. Rs 75 billion ⃝ D. Rs 100 billion ⃝

3. Average rainfall in coastal areas of Pakistan is:

A. 100 mm/year ⃝ B. 175 mm/year
C. 225 mm/year ⃝ D. 300 mm/year ⃝

4. Nizam-e-Zakat was introduced in the country in:

A. June 1979 ⃝ B. June 1980
C. June 1981 ⃝ D. June 1982 ⃝

5. The minimum age limit for the candidate to be President according to the
constitution of 1973 is:
A. 35 years ⃝ B. 40 years ⃝
C. 45 years D. 50 years ⃝

6. Literary meaning of Mansura is:

A. Old city ⃝ B. City of Dead ⃝
C. Success D. Gardens ⃝
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7. Mirza Qalich Beg was a___________ poet.
A. Punjabi ⃝ B. Sindhi
C. Pashto D. Balochi ⃝

8. In any federal form of government National Integration can be developed by:

A. Unicameral legislature ⃝
B. Bicameral legislature
C. Feudal System ⃝
D. Dictatorship ⃝

9. First 5 years Economic Plan was introduced in:

A. 1950 ⃝ B. 1955
C. 1960 ⃝ D. 1965

10. In 1979 Pakistan became regular member of:

A. SAARC ⃝ B. ASEAN ⃝
C. ECO ⃝ D. NAM

__________

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 Federal Board HSSC-II Examination
Pakistan Studies Model Question Paper
(Curriculum 2002)

Time allowed: 2.15 hours Total Marks: 40

Note: Answer any eight parts from Section ‘B’ and attempt any two questions from Section ‘C’
on the separately provided answer book. Write your answers neatly and legibly.

SECTION – B (Marks 24)

Q.2 Attempt any EIGHT parts from the following. All parts carry equal marks.
(8  3 = 24)
i. In your opinion what is the main point as the background of Pakistan Resolution?

Ans. There are so many points in the background of Pakistan Resolution but the main
point is Two Nations Theory. In Hindustan, there were so many nations from
which Hindus and Muslims were two major nations. They were quiet opposite to
each other. Hindus were prejudiced people they could not bear the prosperity of
the Muslims.

ii. The rehabilitation of refugees was one of the greatest problems Pakistan had faced
at the time of Independence. Explain briefly how?

Ans. According to reliable estimates 5.5 million people migrated from Pakistan to India
and 6.5 million came from India to Pakistan. In this way the already feeble
economy of Pakistan was made to bear the burden of one million more people.
Rehabilitation of refugees and provision of basic needs for them was an enormous
problem. The Quaid-e-Azam established a “Refugee Relief Fund” to catter this.

iii. Which temperature zone in Pakistan has the highest variation in temperature?
Briefly elaborate it.

Ans. Upper Indus Plain is the temperature zone of Pakistan with the highest variation
in temperature. In the certain areas temperature goes as high as 50°C. Winters
however, are short and tolerable. At times it gets very cold and uncomfortable, but
generally, the sky remains clear and sun makes the climate pleasant.

iv. Write brief note on how do climatic changes affect human life?

Ans. In Pakistan, climate varies from place to place. These variations have deep effects
on people and their lives. In northern highland people build houses with sloping
roofs to make them safe from abundant snowfall. They wear heavy clothes and
stay in their homes. Winter sea breeze reduces effects of high temperature. In
deserts it is very hot in day time. It makes life uncomfortable.
v. What steps were taken by the President Zia-ul-Haq to build an Islamic National
Spirit in Pakistan?

Ans. Following steps were taken by President Zia-ul-Haq to build an Islamic National
Spirit in Pakistan.
1. Pakistan Studies was introduced as compulsory subject.
2. Wearing of the national dress was encouraged and in some cases made
 compulsory in the courts and other government institutions.

vi. What were the instructions on which every new governor had to take oath to
assume his office during the reign of Hazrat Umer?

Ans. 1. He will not ride a Turkish Horse.

2. He will not wear thin and delicate cloth.
3. He will not use refined flour.
4. He will not set a gatekeeper at his door.
vii. How would you justify that Pakistani culture is heterogenous in terms of
character? Write a short paragraph.

Ans. Pakistan is not inhabited by a single ethnic group. The area which now forms
Pakistan attracted people from different parts of the world; these people came here
and made this land their permanent homeland. The social system which is now
identified as “Pakistani Culture” has emerged as a synthesis of Arab, Iranian,
Greek, British and number of other cultural impacts.

viii. Why should Urdu be the National language of Pakistan? Write three reasons to
support your answer.

Ans. 1. Urdu has a very close resemblance with all the regional languages of Pakistan.
2. Urdu is the lingua franca; it is spoken and understood by people living in all
areas of Pakistan.
3. Urdu is a vast and beautiful language; it has assimilated many beautiful words
from other languages.
ix. Why is national integration significant for an Islamic democratic state like
Pakistan? Write in a short paragraph.

Ans. National integration is important for every country, but in Islamic country like
Pakistan, its importance increases many times. People can seek fraternity,
brotherhood and passions of sacrifice by living together. They can face all the
internal and external problems bravely.

x. Why is the economic planning indispensable for the development of a state?

Write three points on it.

Ans. Following are the points:

1. National income needs to be enhanced.
2. Standards of living needs to be improved by increasing per capita income
level.
3. A better balance of payment needs to be acquired by improving foreign
exchange earning capacity.

xi. Which country is believed to be the most trustworthy friend of Pakistan?

Enumerate three reasons for that.

Ans. China is believed to be the most trustworthy friend of Pakistan. Following are few
reasons for that:
1. A seaport at Gwadar (Baluchistan) is being run with Chinese assistance.
2. In Chasma (District Mianwali), a nuclear power station has been built with
 Chinese assistance.
3. China has always supported Pakistan in all international forums like UNO.

SECTION – C(Marks 16)

Note: Attempt any TWO questions. All questions carry equal marks. (2 8 = 16)
Q.3 What was the Cabinet Mission Plan? Why did Congress and Muslim League react
differently? (5+3)

Ans. THE CABINET MISSION PLAN

The Cabinet Mission was a high-powered mission sent in March 1946 to India by the
then British Prime Minister Lord Attlee. The mission comprised of three senior ministers of the
British cabinet, Mr Patheic Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps and Mr A.V. Alexander.
Main Points of the Cabinet Mission Plan
➢ Indian Union
The subcontinent will be given the status of a Union in which Federal government will
control the foreign affairs, defence, communication and taxation. All other affairs will be handed
over to the provinces.
➢ Grouping Scheme
India will be divided into three groups of provinces:
Group A: The Hindu majority provinces (Bombay, Madras, UP, CP and Orisa)
Group B: The Muslim majority provinces (Punjab, Sindh and NWFP)
Group C: Bengal and Assam provinces
➢ Separation from Indian Union
It was said that one or two groups may quit their respective group and form their
independent position after 10 years.
➢ The Constituent Assembly
The members of all provincial assemblies will elect the Constituent Assembly which will
formulate a constitution for the whole of the subcontinent.
➢ Establishment of Interim Government
The interim government will be formed which will run until the new constitution is formed.
Representatives of major political parties will be included in the cabinet and no Britain will be
part of the Indian cabinet.
➢ Veto Power
The option was given to Indian political parties that they could accept or reject the
proposals as a whole and the party which accepts this plan will also be given a chance to form
the interim government.
➢ Reaction Of Political Parties
o Reaction Of All India Muslim League
The party workers became disappointed upon the proposals of the Cabinet Mission Plan
as the demand of Pakistan was totally ignored. However, the Quaid e Azam and some other
Muslim leaders saw a ray of hope in the grouping scheme and became sure that Pakistan may
become independent after 10 years because Muslim League was fighting for a separate
homeland for the Muslims of Subcontinent and considered Pakistan as their ultimate destiny.

o Reaction of All India Congress Party

The immediate reaction of Congress leaders was positive as they considered the plan
to be the defeat of Muslim League. Nehru's statement was published in national Herald in
which he said that Cabinet Mission Plan had buried Pakistan of Mr Jinnah. On the other hand,
Gandhi declared this plan as an appeal and an advise. He wanted to give maximum powers to
Parliament in which Hindus will dominate and later on the Congress would be able to
withdraw the safeguards given by the British to the Muslims.
 The first reaction of both the parties was different from each other. The Muslim League
on the advice of Quaid-e-Azam accepted the plan and later on the Congress also accepted the
plan.

Q.4 How does the United Nation’s Charter explain the fundamental human rights? (8)

Ans. The United Nations

The traumatic events of the Second World War made it clear that human rights are not always
universally accepted. After the war, governments worldwide made concrete efforts to maintain
international peace and stop conflicts in future. This resulted in the formation of the United
Nations in 1945.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
On 10th of December 1948, the Teneral Assembly of United Nations announced 30 rights and
freedoms that belong to all of the humans around the globe and since the seven decades, these are
still the bases for all international human rights laws also called as the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights(UNHR).
Additional features of the UNHR are following:
Equality:
All human beings are born free in having their own thoughts and ideas and they should be treated
in the same way.
Abolition of Discrimination
According to UN charter, no discrimination regarding race, colour, sex, creed, language, religion
should be made across the world.
Right of Self Preservation
The UN charter says that all human beings have the right to life, to live with liberty and freedom.
Prohibition of Slavery
UN charter says that no one has the right to inflict torture and no one can be made as slave or no
one can be treated inhumanly.
Right of Basic Necessities
All the people have the right to have enough food to eat, clothes to wear, house for living and all
other basic necessities required for leading a better life.
Right To Live Peacefully
Everyone around the globe has the right to live peacefully in any orderly society in all other
countries.
Protection of Human Rights by UNO
The UNO has set up some offices who internationally look around the violation of human rights
and they take action. Some are as following:
Office of The High Commissioner for Human Rights
This office supports the human Rights components of peace keeping missions in several
countries and in addition to its regional offices has HR centres at different offices and human
rights advisors all over the world.
Human Rights Council
The Human Rights Council is an independent UN inter-governmental body which is responsible
for protection of human rights.
Human Rights Treaty Bodies
The Human Rights Treaty Bodies are committees of independent experts that monitor the
implementation of the core international human rights treaties. They are composed of
independent experts in human rights.
In this way United Nations across the globe is trying to protect the basic human rights of all the
individuals regardless of their creed race, gender and religion.

Q.5 Pakistan-USA relations underwent many ups and downs. Discuss in detail. (8)

Ans. The Background

Pakistan came into being in 1947 and since then United States of America was one of those
countries which wanted to establish diplomatic relations with Pakistan. The Quaid-e-Azam did
receive a formal message from American government even before the: Independence was
formally proclaimed. Pakistan and USA tied knots with each other for the military and
economical support. Pakistan signed many pacts with the USA and during this era, USA
provided Pakistan with military and economic aid. However, these relations went many ups and
downs which are explained below.
The Cold War Era
During the cold war era, the US and USSR both tried to extend relations with the newly
established countries. Pakistan decided to join hands with Americans in this cold war era.
PM Liaquat Ali Khan's Visit to USA
Pakistan received invitation from both the USA and the USSR but the Prime Minister Liaquat
Ali Khan decided to visit USA in 1950 by turning down the invitation received from the Soviet
Union.
The Mutual Defence Treaty
In May 1954, Pakistan signed Mutual Defence Assistance Agreement with the United States.
Under this agreement, many Pakistani soldiers went to United States for military training
whereas the United States also established a Military Assistance Advisory Group in Rawalpindi.
Defence Pacts
Pakistan became a member of SEATO and CENTO which were defence pacts set up under the
umbrella of USA against the communist Soviet Union. But unfortunately Pakistan could not get
support from the member countries of these defence pacts when Pakistan had a war with India in
1965 and 1971. Therefore Pakistan left these alliances.
Peshawar Air Station
In 1956, the President of The United States requested Pakistan for an access to use the Peshawar
air station for surveillance against Soviet Union. Pakistan granted this access to USA.
No Military Support in Wars With India
Besides a very close friend of America, Pakistan could not get military sport from America in its
wars against India in 1965 and 1971.
Problems in Pak US Relations
The Decade of 1970s saw the downfall in the relations of United States with Pakistan.
As Pakistan could not get sport from America in its wars with India, therefore, Pakistan foreign
policy was shifted from America to China and Russia. Pakistan tried to make some better
relations with Russia. Moreover, the United States put embargoes on Pakistan blaming that
Pakistan had started nuclear programme.
However, in 1979, after the Russian invasion on Afghanistan, Pakistan became an apple of
American’s eyes due to its geo-strategic location. During this period from 1979 to 1989, Pakistan
got military and economic aid worth of billions of dollars from United States of America.
However, by the end of Afghan jihad, The United States adopted Pressler Amendment which
banned most of the military and economic aid to Pakistan.
Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’s Visit to United States
In 1995, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto visited United States and requested the then US
President Bill Clinton to lift the embargoes on Pakistan and launch a program to eradicate
militancy from the region. The Americans then passed the Brown Amendment which became
very helpful for Pakistan.
Nuclear Tests
In 1998, despite of the phone calls and pressure imposed by the American President Bill Clinton,
Pakistan conducted nuclear tests in Chaghi hills. Then the Americans again imposed sanctions on
Pakistan.
Cooperation in War against Terror
Pakistan became an important strategic ally of America after 9/11 attacks to eradicate terrorism
in the region. On this, the USA left all the sanctions imposed on Pakistan and gave billions of
dollars in the shape of military and economic aid to Pakistan.
Current Scenario
At present, Pakistan and United States, after so many ups and downs in their relations, are trying
to find some good ways in improving the bilateral relations. The visit of Pakistani Prime Minister
and foreign Minister to US during United Nations General Assembly sessions every year become
very helpful in improving the relations with the United States.

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