Ministry of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan

BAKU ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY

Report
Experiment No: 1

Faculty/Institute: Engineering
Speciality: ----------------------
Subject: ---------------------
Lecturer: Hamed Kaghachi
Student: ---------------------
Student ID: --------------------
Experiment Name: ----------------------
Series Circuits:
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of voltages around a closed
path is zero. This can be verified by measurements on simple series circuits as
circuit shown at Figure1-1.

Figure1-1

R1=13 Ohm; R2=4 Ohm; R3=13 Ohm;

1.1 - Measure the value of Is,
Rser= R1+R2+R3=13+4+13=30
V=İ/R(Ohm's low)
İs=V/R=15/30= 0.5A

1.2 - Measure Vab, Vbc, and Vcd.

İs=0.5A
Vab=İs×R1=0.5×13=6.5; Vab=Va-Vb= 15-8.5=6.5V
Vbc=İs×R2=0.5×4=2; Vbc=Vb-Vc=8.5-6.5=2V
Vcd=İs×R3=0.5×13=6.5; Vcd=Vc-Vd=6.5-0=6.5V

1.3- Write the results in a table.

İs 0.5A
Vab 6.5V
Vbc 2V
Vcd 6.5V
Parallel Circuits:
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) states that the sum of all currents at any node in a
circuit is zero. This ca n be verified by measurements on a simple parallel circuit as
shown at Figure1-2.

Figure 1-2

R1=15 Ohm; R2=10 Ohm; R3=5 Ohm;

2.1- Measure the values of Is, I1, I2, and I3.

1/Rpar=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3= 1/15+1/10+1/5=11/30; Rpar=30/11
Is=V/ Rpar=15/(30/11)=5.5A
I1= V/R1=15/15=1A
I2= V/R2=15/10=1.5A
I3= V/R3=15/5=3A
2.2- Measure VR1, VR2, and VR3
V=V1=V2=V3=15V Because R1|| R2||R3
2.3- Write the results in a table.
V=V1=V2=V3 15 V
Is 5.5A
I1 1A
I2 1.5A
I3 3A
Series-Parallel Circuits:
Both KVL and KCL are now verified by measurements in a rather arbitrary circuit
containing series and parallel combinations of resistors as shown at Figure1-3.

Figure 1-3

R1=5 Ohm; R2=4 Ohm; R3=8 Ohm; R4=4 Ohm; R5=2 Ohm; R6=8 Ohm;
R2 || R4 : R||1= R2×R4/( R2+R4)=4×4(4+4)=2Ω
R||1 and R3 - Series Ra1= R||1+R3=2+8=10Ω
R5 and R6 - Series Ra2= R5+R6 =2+8=10Ω
Ra1 || Ra2 Rpar2 = Ra1 × Ra2/( Ra1 + Ra2) =10 ×10(10+10)=5Ω
R||2 and R1 - Series Req= R||2 + R1=5+5=10 Ω
3.1. - Measure V1, V2, ... V6.
V1=I1×R1=2.5×5=12,5V
V2=I2×R2=0.625×4=2,5V
V3=I3×R3=1.25×8=10V
V4=I4×R4=0.625×4=2,5V
V5=I5×R5=1.25×2=2,5V
V6=I6×R6=1.25×8=10V

3.2. - Measure I1, I2, ... I6.

V= IR; I1=Vs/Req=25/10=2.5 A (Ohm’s low)
I1=I3+I5 (KCL)
𝑅𝑎2×𝑖 𝑅𝑎1×𝑖
I3 = I5 =
𝑅𝑎1+𝑅𝑎2 𝑅𝑎1+𝑅𝑎2
𝐼3 𝑅𝑎2 10
= = = 1 𝐴 I3=I5
𝐼5 𝑅𝑎1 10

I1=I3+I5 ; 2×I3=2,5 I3=I5=1,25 A

I5 and I6 - Series: I5=I6=1,25 A
I3= I2+I4 (KCL)
𝑅4∙𝑖
𝐼2 𝑅2+𝑅4 4
= 𝑅2∙𝐼 = = 1; I4=I2
𝐼4 4
𝑅2+𝑅4

1,25=2I2 ; I4=I2=0.625A

3.3. - Write the results in a table.

V1 12.5V
V2 2.5V
V3 10V
V4 2.5V
V5 2.5V
V6 10V
I1 2.5A
I2 0.625A
I3 1.25A
I4 0.625A
I5 1.25A
I6 1.25A