DPP 

Probability
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main 2023 Crash Course

Answer Key

Q1 (1) Q2 (1) Q3 (4) Q4 (3)

Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (3)

Q9 (4) Q10 (1) Q11 (1) Q12 (2)

Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (2) Q16 (2)

Q17 (4) Q18 (2) Q19 (3) Q20 (2)

Q21 (1) Q22 (1) Q23 (1) Q24 (3)

Q25 (4) Q26 (2) Q27 (1) Q28 (3)

Q29 (2) Q30 (9)

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DPP  Probability
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main 2023 Crash Course

Q1 (1)

Probability they contradict each other

′ ′ ′ ′
= P (A B or AB ) = P (A B) + P (AB )

′ ′
= P (A ) P (B) + P (A)P (B )

4 3 4 3 7
= (1 − )( ) + ( ) (1 − ) =
5 4 5 4 20

Q2 (1)

1 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
= P (A ∪ B)
6

= 1 − P (A ∪ B)

5
⇒ P (A ∪ B) =
6

5
⇒ P (A) + P (B) − P (A ∩ B) =
6

5 1 13
⇒ P (A) + P (B) = + =
6 4 12

3 13
⇒ + P (B) =
4 12

13 3 1
⇒ P (B) = − =
12 4 3

We have P (A)P (B) = ( 3

4
)(
1

3
) =
1

4
= P (A ∩ B)

Q3 (4)

Let S denote the event of getting a score of 9 in a single throw and F = S

′
, then p = P (S) = 4

36
=
1

9
and q = P (F ) = 8

Let X = Number of times a score of 9 occurs.

Then X ∼ B(3, p)

2
1 8 8
3 2
∴ P (X = 2) = C2 p q = 3( ) ( ) =
9 9 9

Q4 (3)

Given,

B 1
P( )=
A 2

P ( B∩A )
1
⇒ =
P (A) 2

1 1 1
⇒  P (B ∩ A)= × =
2 4 8

And,

A 1
P( )=
B 4

P ( A∩B )
1
⇒ =
P (B) 4

⇒  P (B)= 4P (A ∩ B)

1
⇒  P (B)=
2

1 1 1
∴  P (A ∩ B)= = ⋅ = P (A)⋅P (B)
8 2 4

So, events A and B are independent.

Now,

′
′ P ( A ∩B )
A
P( )=
B P (B)

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DPP  Probability
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main 2023 Crash Course
′ ′
P (A )P (B) 3
A
⇒  P ( )= =
B P (B) 4

And,

′ ′
B P ( B∩A )
P( )= ′
′ P (A )
A

′ ′ ′
B P (B )P (A ) 1
⇒  P ( )= ′
=
′ P (A ) 2
A

Q5 (4)

Let event A is getting a card marked as I  in first draw.

Let event B is getting card marked as I  in second draw.

Let event C  is getting a card marked as T  in third draw.

Required is P (A ∩ B ∩ C)= P (A)×P ( B/

A
)×P ( C/A∩B )

.
10 9 10 5
= × × =
20 19 18 38

Q6 (4)

Probability of the required event is

(0.7)(0.2) + (0.7)(0.8)(0.7)(0.2)

+ (0.7)(0.8)(0.7)(0.8)(0.7)(0.2) + …

0.14 0.14 7
= = =
1 − 0.56 0.44 22

None of the Answer Matches.

Q7 (3)

Let X denote the number on the die P (A) = P (X

1
> 3) = P (4, 5, 6) =
2

4
P (B) = P (X < 5) =
6

1
P (A ∩ B) = P (4) =
6

∴ P (A ∪ B) = P (A) + P (B) − P (A ∩ B)

1 4 1
= + − = 1
2 6 6

Q8 (3)

Let A and B denote the following events

A : sum of digits is 8
and B : product of digits is 0 . Then A ∩ B = {08}
and B = {00, 01, 02, … , 09, 10, 20, 30, 40}

Now,
P (A∩B) n(A∩B)
1
P (A ∣ B) = = =
P (B) n(B) 14

Q9 (4)

The total number of ways to select 3 numbers at random from the given numbers = 11
C
3

Favourable cases (1, 2, 4), (2, 4, 8), (1, 3, 9), (4, 6, 9)

Number of favorable cases= 4

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DPP  Probability
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main 2023 Crash Course

Required probability = 4

11
C3

Q10 (1)

2 4
∴ A = p + pq + pq + …

2 4
= p(1 + q + q + …)

p
= 2
1−q

Q11 (1)

′ ′ 26
P ((A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B )) = (1)
49

and P (A ′
∩ B ) =
′ 15

49
(2)
Let P (A) = a, P (B) = b, then (1) and (2) give
26
(1 − a)b + a(1 − b) =
49

15
(1 − a)(1 − b) =
49

26
⇒ a + b − 2ab =
49

and 1 − (a + b) + ab =
15

49

34
⇒ a + b − ab =
49

Thus, a + b =
42 6 8
= , ab =
49 7 49

2 4
⇒ a = ,b =
7 7

∴ most probable = 4

Q12 (2)
1 ′
= P ((A ∪ B) )
6

= 1 − P (A ∪ B)

= 1 − (P (A) + P (B) − P (A ∩ B))

3 1
= 1 − ( + P (B) − )
4 4

1
= − P (B)
2

1
⇒ P (B) =
3

1 3 1
 As  P (A ∩ B) = = ( )( ) = P (A)P (B)
4 4 3

we get A and B are independent.

Q13 (4)

Number of ways of choosing A is 27 − 1 = 127

Now x ∈ A if and only if A = {x} ∪ B where B is a subset of S − {x}
The number of ways of choosing B is 64
∴ Probability of required event is 64

127

Q14 (2)

Two numbers can be chosen in 11

C2 = 55 ways. Suppose selected numbers are a, b with a > b, then
a + b = 4r, a − b = 4s

⇒2a = 4(r + s), 2b = 4(r − s)

⇒a = 2(r + s), b = 2(r − s)

∴ both a, b are even, and possible pairs of (a, b) are (4, 0), (8, 0), (6, 2), (10, 2), (8, 4), (10, 6)
Thus, probability of required event is
6

55

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DPP  Probability
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Q15 (2)

Given P (A)= 2

5
=
8

20
&  P (A ∩ B)= 3

20

′ ′ ′
∴   P (A ∪ B )= P (A ∩ B)

= 1 − P (A ∩ B)

3 17
= 1 − =
20 20

′ ′ ′
P (A ∩(A ∪ B ))= P (A ∩ B )

= P (A)−P (A ∩ B)

8 3 5
= − =   
20 20 20

′ ′
P ( A∩ ( A ∪B ) )
′ ′
∴   P (A|(A ∪ B ))= ′ ′
P ( A ∪B )

5
( )
20 5
= =
17 17
( )
20

Q16 (2)

n 2 n−2 n 3 n−3
P (X = 2) = P (X = 3) ⇒ C2 p q = C3 p q

p n(n−1)
3×2 3
⇒ = ⋅ =
q 2 n(n−1)(n−2) n−2

⇒ np − 2p = 3q

Now, E(X) = np = 2p + 3q = 3(p + q) − p

⇒ E(X) = 3 − p

Q17 (4)

Let X = number of failures, then

X ∼ B(5, 1 − p)

P( at least one failure )= P (X ≥ 1) = 1 − P (X = 0)

5 5
= 1 − (1 − (1 − p)) = 1 − p

We are given
5 31 5 1
1 − p ≥ ⇒ p ≤
32 32

1
⇒ 0 ≤ p ≤
2

Q18 (2)

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DPP  Probability
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P (E) = P (2, 3, 5, 7)

= 0.23 + 0.12 + 0.20 + 0.07

= 0.62

P (F ) = P (1, 2, 3) = 0.15 + 0.23 + 0.12

= 0.5

P (E ∩ F ) = P (2, 3) = 0.23 + 0.12 = 0.35 = P (E) + P (F ) − P (E ∩ F )

Thus, P (E ∪ F ) = 0.62 + 0.5 − 0.35 = 0.77

Q19 (3)

Let the number of children in each family be n

Total the number of ways of selecting 3 children out of 2n in 2n
C3 . The number of ways in which all the tickets go to children of family B is n
C3

Q20 (2)

Let p = probability of drawing a green ball in a single draw.

15 3
= =
25 5

n = number of balls drawn = 10, and

X = number of green balls drawn, Then X ∼ B(n, p)

3 3 12
Var(X) = np(1 − p) = 10 ( ) (1 − ) =
5 5 5

Q21 (1)

Let the probability of getting any number other than 5 is P, then the probability of getting 5 is 5P.
1
∵ P + P + P + P + P + 5P = 1 ⇒ P =
10

Expected income per throw  = 5

10
× 5 +(
1

10
× 8)5

65
= = 6.5
10

Q22 (1)

We have
′ ′
P (A ∩ B ∣ C)
′ ′
P (A ∩B ∩C)
=
P (C)

′
P [(A∪B) ∩C]
=
P (C)

P (C)−P [(A∩C)∪(B∩C)]
=
P (C)

P (C)−P [(A∩C)∪(B∩C)]
=
P (C)

P (C)−P (A∩C)−P (B∩C)+P (A∩B∩C)

=
P (C)

P (C)−P (A)P (C)−P (B)P (C)

=
P (C)

[∵ A, B, C are pairwise independent and

P (A ∩ B ∩ C) = 0 ]
′
= 1 − P (A) − P (B) = P (A ) − P (B)

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DPP  Probability
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Q23 (1)

Total number of ways of choosing 3 numbers out of 8 is 8

C3 = 56

Let A denote the event that minimum is 3 and B denote the event that maximum number is 6.
P (A∩B)
Then P (A ∣ B) = P (B)

5
C2
But P (B) = 8
C3
=
10

56
and
2
C1 2
P (A ∩ B) = 8
=
C3 56

2 1
∴ P (A ∣ B) = =
10 5

Q24 (3)

Let X = the number of problems candidate is unable to solve, then X ∼ B(50, 1/5)

∴ P (X < 2) = P (X = 0) + P (X = 1)

50 49 49
4 4 1 54 4
= ( ) + 50( ) ( ) = ( )
5 5 5 5 5

Q25 (4)

A  and B will agree in a certain statement if both speak truth or both tell a lie. We define following events

E1 = A and B both speak truth ⇒ P (E 1 )= xy

E2 = A and B both tell a lie ⇒ P (E 2 )=(1 − x)(1 − y)

E = A and B agree in a certain statement

Clearly, P (E|E 1 )= 1 and P (E|E2 )= 1

The required probability is P (E 1 |E)

Using Bayes' theorem

P ( E1 ) P (E|E1 )
P (E1 |E)=
P ( E1 ) P ( E|E1 ) +P ( E2 ) P (E|E2 )

xy.1 xy
= =
xy.1+ ( 1−x ) ( 1−y ) .1 1−x−y+2xy

Q26 (2)

Let, A be the event that the noted number is either 7 or 8.

And, E  be the event that the toss of coin results in head and E  be the event that the toss of coin results in tail.
1 2

Then, we have P (E 1
)= P (E2 )=
1

And, P (A|E 1
)=P ( getting the sum of the numbers on the pair of dice as 7 or 8)

The total number of cases, when a pair of dice is thrown are = 6 × 6 = 36 and the cases of getting sum 7 or 8 are 
{(1,  6),  (2,  5),  (3,  4),  (4,  3),  (5,  2),  (6,  1),  (2,  6),  (3,  5),  (4,  4),  (5,  3),  (6,  2)}= 11  cases.

11
⇒ P (A|E1 )=
36

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Similarly, P (A|E 2 )=( getting the number 7 or 8 from the numbers 1,  2,  3, . . ,  9)

2
⇒ P (A|E2 )=
9

Now, using the total probability theorem, we get

P (A)= P (E1 )P (A|E1 )+P (E1 )P (A|E2 )

1 11 1 2
⇒ P (A)= × + ×
2 36 2 9

11 1 19
⇒ P (A)= + = .
72 9 72

Q27 (1)

Required probability

=  Probability of passing two test + Probability of passing all three test

= P (passing 1 st
 & 2
nd
tests and fail in 3   test)+P (passing1  test, fail in 2  test and passing in 3 test) +P (fail in 1  test, passing in 2
rd st nd rd st nd
 & 3
rd
tests)

+P (Passing in all three tests)

p p
= ppq + pq
2
+ q
2
p + ppp     (where q = 1 − p)

2
p p
2 3
= p (1 − p)+p(1 − p) +(1 − p)   + p
2 2

1 p 1 p
2 2
= p (1 − p + − + − + p)= p (2 − p)
2 2 2 2

Q28 (3)

A and B toss a coin alternately till one of them tosses heads and win the game,

If A start the game and A win P(A win)=

P (A win) + P (A loss). P (B loss). P (A win)+. . . . . .

1 1 1 1
⇒ + × × +. . . . . goes to inf inity
2 2 2 2

a 1 1
⇒ its a G. P  series Sum of  G. P  series  =  where a =  ,  r =
1−r 2 4

2 2
⇒ P (A win) = 1
=
3
1−
4

if  B win P ( B win) = P (A loss). P (B win) + P (A loss). P (B loss). P (A loss). P (B win)+. . . . . . . . . . . . goes to inf inity

1 1 1 1 1 1
= × + × × × +. . . . . . . . . .
2 2 2 2 2 2

1 1
= it s G. P  series where a =  , r =
4 4

4 1
P (B win) = 1
=
3
1−
4

Q29 (2)

In the first three throws 4 should not occur at the third toss and 4 occurs at most once in the first two throws.
Therefore required probability is

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DPP  Probability
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3 2 2
5 1 1 5 5 1 175
( ) ( ) + 2( )( )( )( ) = 5
3 6 6 6 6 6 6

Q30 (9)

Bag A → 9G,  1R balls

Bag B → 10G balls 

9  balls are selected from bag A 

case (i)−If selected 9 balls are green from bag A and put in bag B again 9 ball selected from bag B 

9 19
C C

and put bag Athen probability of red ball remain in bag A = 10

C
9
⋅ 19
C
19
=
1

10
 
9 19

case (ii)−if 8 balls are green and  1 balls are red from bag A and put in bag B then again 9 ball selected from bag B that is eight ball is green and one ball

is red then probability of red ball remain in bag A

9 1 18 1
C C C C
8⋅ 1 8⋅ 1 81
= 10
× 19
=  
C C 190
9 9

p
then total probability of red balls remain in bag A =
1 81 100 10
+ = = =
10 190 190 19 q

then q − p = 19 − 10 = 9 

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