SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Understanding Culture Society & Politics Grade: __11_ Quarter: 4 Week: 1

MELC: Explain the context, content, processes, and consequences of socialization

A. Readings/ Discussion:

Socialization simply means the process of learning one’s society and its culture. It is moreover the same as
interacting, mingling and being with other people or groups within/ outside of your society. How do you feel
in a situation when it seems that you don’t belong and you are being isolated? Good thinking! Of course you
will feel sad and lonely. That kind of feeling only shows that socialization is important to you --- and to all of
us. Through socialization, one learns the culture’s language, their roles in life, and what is expected from
them. Without socialization, a person will develop different physical and mental disabilities. It is sad to know
that individuals with no successful socialization develop mental illness, abnormal or odd behavior and self -
isolation. Do you know that there are different groups of people that influence your orientations and
perspectives to life? These groups are called agents of socialization. These agents play a crucial role in
developing yourself as a person and a member of the society.

Family is the first agent of socialization.

Most of the habits, manners, beliefs and the way we think are develop in the family. A huge part of your
personality is molded by your family because this is where you spent your childhood. Your family influences
you on the way you behave and act as a person. This is when socialization process is crucial and intense.
Do you still remember your happy moments in school? Of course you do.

School is another agent of socialization.

Here, you interact or socialize with other people- your classmates, teachers, administrators and others
which are outside your family within a society. Your socialization with them has made a lot of experiences in
you. It is in the school that your behavior and attitude are shape to become a better member of society. So a
part of your personality is developed by this agent. Do you agree? Your circle of friends is also an agent of
socialization. It is called peer group. Your peers usually have similar ages, social status and share interests.
Your peer group influences you on the way you can accept yourself. It is with your peer group that you find
yourself belonged. I’m sure you learned a lot from your friends, didn’t you? So, you are right when you think
that they are also important agent in shaping your personality.

Social Media
-as agent of socialization plays a crucial role in shaping your personality as well. Majority of us, young and
old, are connected through social media. Much of our waking time is spent on using social media. So, this
agent of socialization influences your way of life intensively thus doing large part in your personal
development. There are other socialization agents who are also important in moulding you as a person: the
community, the church and the government. You see? What you are now is a product of socialization. You
have been socializing from the time you were born until now. Socialization is a continuing process until we
die. Socialization is really a necessity for it develops you as person.
ENCULTURATION
We are living in a society of many cultures. Culture is the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits
of a racial, religious or social group (merriam-webster. com). These cultures make people different from one
another. A group has a set of shared attitudes and practices which are partially or even totally apart from
what others have. As an individual grows up in a social group, he/she learns to understand his/her identity.
This is where enculturation comes in. Enculturation is the process by which people learn the requirements of
their surrounding culture and acquire values and behaviours appropriate or necessary in that culture
(https://www.definitions.net/definition/Enculturation).
According to Stephen A. Grunland and Marvin K. Mayers (1988) (as cited from Hoebel, 1982), enculturation
is both a conscious and an unconscious conditioning process whereby man, as child and adult, achieves
competence in his culture, internalizes his culture and becomes thoroughly enculturated. Socializing with
people plays a great part in achieving it. He/she deals with. An individual also learns from observing the
surrounding he/she is in.

As a child lives with his family and the community, he/she adapts socially accepted values (e.g. attending to
religious obligations, respecting the elders, etc.) At a very young age, a child is instilled with values by
his/her parents and family. He / She sees the importance of being together as respected when they eat.
Also, he/she learns the foundations of learning; be it reading the alphabet and counting of numbers.
In school, he/she learns to be socially educated person as he/she observes and adapts the behavior of
other people (e.g. singing the National Anthem, paying respect to the flag, showing respect to teachers and
valuing friendship among friends and classmates). A person becomes more civilized as he learns more of
culturally accepted behavior and knowledge in school.
In a community, a person may be inspired to practice social duties and obligations as observed and learned
from those who do great contributions for the welfare of most people. In these practices, one may also
become a steward of goodwill.
A teenager learns to clothe himself/herself like his/her friends or in great chances, adapts how they behave
and act. He / She appreciate the value of friendship, learn to find joy in sharing commonalities and accepts
differences in choices and decisions. His / Her confidence in dealing with people can be rooted from a well-
maintained relationship with friends.

The government upon its imposition of law refines a person’s way of living. Through which, he/she learns his
civil rights and exercises them righteously. Likewise, he/she learns to respect government policies and
abides to them, knowing that every action has limitation.
In his/her dealing with religious affiliations, a person’s belief in Omnipotent Being is strengthened. This
cultivates the idea that everyone like a brother and a sister. Thus, respect towards one another is valued.
He or she learns to respect differences in faith. Parents and other authorities are called the initiators of
enculturation. As one is enculturated by those initiators, the process is manifested in his/her actions, choices
and decisions. If it is not because of enculturation, a person will not become the way he/she in the society.
One will not be able to discern what is right from wrong or even make actions to handle problems
encountered. Because of enculturation, an individual knows the boundaries of his/her actions, words and
ideals. As a learned individual, one becomes accepted by the group he/she belongs with. Enculturation
teaches a person of his/her roles in the society. True enough, he/she becomes functional member of the
society.
B. Excercise:
The activity below will help you enhance more what you already know about socialization. Read the
paragraph and fill in the blanks with words or phrases necessary to complete it. The words and phrases are
provided inside the box for you to choose from.

personality family normal socialization culture physical socialize mental

agents of socialization personal development

Revitalized and Socialized

Every individual undergoes the process of (1) __________ during his/her life time. Socialization is a
necessary social process for it is through this that (2) ______________ is taking place. It was found out that
people who lacked socialization developed (3) ___________ and (4) ____________ disabilities. On the
other hand, people with successful socialization experiences become (5) _____________ in different
aspects of life.
It is important to remember that (6) ________________ are influential in shaping one’s personality. There
are several agents of socialization mentioned in this module. These agents are: family, peer group, school,
church, community, social media and the government. Among these agents, (7) __________ contributes the
most impact on one’s personal development because the crucial and intense socialization happens with it.
Becoming part of a particular (8) _________ is a product of socialization. And so, don’t forget to bear in
mind that we need to choose the kind of activities we involve ourselves into. For whenever we (9)
____________, we develop the kind of (10) _____________ we have.

C. Assessment/ Application/ Output:

Write WHO and WHAT influence you to become the person you are now.
 SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Understanding Culture Society & Politics Grade: 11 Quarter: 4 Week: 2

MELC: Analyze the forms and forms and functions of social organizations

A. Readings/ Discussion:
CONCEPT OF SOCIAL GROUPS
Everyone belongs to a group; your race, gender, favorite sports team, your college, even the place
where you were born were all examples of groups. Sometimes groupings are determined by factors related
to who we are (sex, age, race/ethnicity) but in many other cases, they arrive in a somewhat arbitrary
fashion. In school, you would likely associate with classmates who share the same interests as you do like
having a common hobby or sports affiliation or even fashion sense or even love of a certain type of music.

What is a Group?

A group is composed of two or more persons interacting with each other and guided by a set of
norms. It is also defined as specified number of individuals where each recognizes members as distinct from
non-members.
Basic Classifications of Social Groups
1. Primary Groups
Primary groups are marked by concern for one another, shared activities and culture, and long
periods of time spent together. They are influential in developing an individual’s personal identity. The
goal of primary groups is actually the relationships themselves rather than achieving some other
purpose. The examples of a primary group but not limited to be your family and childhood and close
friends. The concept of the primary group was introduced by Charles Cooley in his book, Social
Organization: A Study of the Larger Mind. (Contreras, Antonio P. et al. “Social Groups”. Understanding
Culture, Society and Politics. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2016) Sample Groups:
Family, Play group, Village/Neighborhood, Work-team
2. Secondary Groups
Secondary relationships involve weak emotional ties and little personal knowledge of one another.
In contrast to primary groups, secondary groups don’t have the goal of maintaining and developing the
relationships themselves. These groups are based on usual or habitual interests or affairs. It includes
groups in which one exchanges explicit commodities, such as labor for wages, services for payments,
and such. Sample Groups: Nation, Church Hierarchy, Professional Association, Corporation, University
classes, Athletic teams, and groups of coworkers.
3. In-group
Belonging to the same group as others who share the same common bond and interests who are more
likely to understand each other refers to an in- group. Sample Groups: Sports team, Unions and
Sororities
4. Out-group
Those who do not belong to the in-group are part of the out-group, which exist in the perceptions of
the in group members and takes on social reality as a result of behavior by in-group members who use
the out group as a negative point of reference.
 5. Reference Groups
A reference group is a collection of people that we use as a standard of comparison for ourselves
regardless of whether we are part of that group. We rely on reference groups to understand social
norms, which then shape our values, ideas, behavior, and appearance. This means that we also use
them to evaluate the relative worth, desirability, or appropriateness of these things.
By looking to reference groups--be they those of race, class, gender, sexuality, religion, region,
ethnicity, age, or localized groups defined by neighborhood or school, among others-- we see norms
and dominant values, and we choose to either embrace and reproduce them in our own thoughts,
behavior, and interactions with others; or, we reject and refute them by thinking and acting in ways that
break from them. Sample of these groups are parents, siblings, teachers, peers, associates and friends.
6. Network
A network is a collection of people tied together by a specific pattern of connections. They can be
characterized by the number of people involved, as in the dyad (by twos) and triad (by threes), but also
in terms of their structures (who is connected to whom) and functions (what flows across ties).
Networks indeed, are able to do more things and different things than individuals acting on their own
could. Networks have this effect, regardless of the content of the connections or persons involved.
Nowadays, the giving of information and establishing of connections and various relationships can
be done through social networking sites. In this manner, it is easier to form connections, relationships
and linkages. Example: Family Members, Friends, Work Colleagues, Classmates
There is another strong example of a network that has boomed since the beginning of the 21st
century. Since 1979, electronic forms of social networking have boomed, starting with CompuServe and
MySpace, and moving to other networking applications such as Facebook, Snapchat, Twitter, and
Instagram.
B. Exercise:
Directions: Differentiate the following classifications of groups by citing their characteristics and examples.

Primary Group
Characteristics Examples
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5

Secondary Group
Characteristics Examples
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
 In- Group
Characteristics Examples
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
Out- Group
Characteristics Examples
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5

C. Assessment:

Answer the following questions and write it on your answer sheet.

1. Pretend that you belong to a particular in-group in your class. You noticed that one classmate from your
class does not belong to any group. What would you do? Would you invite him to join your in-group?
Why? Why not?

2. The Sangguniang Kabataan of your barangay approached your group in school to help them in the
feeding program of the community. They also asked the help of the other groups from your school. What
would you do to help the SK officials? Would you ask the out-groups to join you? How