5HYLVWD5RPkQăGH,QJLQHULH&LYLOă9ROXPXO1XPăUXO ‹0DWUL[5RP



&RQWUDFWXOGHDQWUHSUL]DSHQWUXOXFUDULGHFRQVWUXFWLLGLQ
SHUVSHFWLYDUHJOHPHQWDULORU1RXOXL&RG&LYLO

&RQWUDFW IRU FRQVWUXFWLRQ IURP WKH SHUVSHFWLYH RI WKH 1HZ &LYLO &RGH
UHJXODWLRQV


2DQD%HXUDQ

8QLYHUVLWDWHD7HKQLFăGH&RQVWUXFĠLL%XFXUHúWL
%G/DFXO7HLQU±FRGVHFWRU%XFXUHúWL, Romania 


5H]XPDW Contractul de antrepriza pentru lucrari de constructie reprezinta o varietate a
contractului de antrepriza si este expres reglementat in Codul Civil, ce a intrat in vigoare
la data de 01.10.2011. Acest contract isi gaseste sediul materiei in art. 1874, dar el
trebuie coroborat cu dispozitiile art 1851 Cod Civil, pentru a putea enunta o definitie a
acestuia, respectiv este contractul prin care o persoana, numita antreprenor se obliga, in
schimbul unui pret, fata de o alta persoana, numita beneficiar sa execute o lucrare, care,
in mod obligatoriu necesita obtinerea unei autorizatii de construire. Practic, de aici se
observa specificul acestui tip de contract, respectiv executarea unei lucrari de construire,
in orice forma a sa, pentru a carei indeplinire si valabilitate trebuie, in prealabil,
obtinerea de la organele si institutiile competente (de regula Primariile) a unei
autorizatii de construire, in conditiile legii.

&XYLQWHFKHLHDQWUHSUL]DFRQVWUXF‫܊‬LLUHJOHPHQWDUH

$EVWUDFW Contract for construction works represent a variety of the Contract and is
specifically regulated in the Civil Code, which came into force on 01.10.2011. This
contract finds its headquarters in art materials. 1874, but he must conjunction with
article 1851 of the Civil Code, in order to enunciate its definition or is the contract by
which a person, called contractor undertakes in exchange for a price, to another person,
called the beneficiary to perform work, which necessarily requires obtaining a
construction permit. Basically, here are the specifics of this type of contract notice or the
execution of construction works, in any form, for a fulfilling and life must previously
obtain from authorities and competent institutions (usually municipalities) a building
permits under the law.

.H\ZRUGVFRQVWUXFWLRQFRQWUDFWLQJODZ

)RUPHOH OXFUDULORU GH FRQVWUXLH SHQWUX FDUH OHJHD FHUH REWLQHUH DXWRUL]DWLHL
DGPLQLVWUDWLYH VXQW SUHYD]XWH LQ FDGUXO /HJLL QU  FDUH UHJOHPHQWHD]D
DXWRUL]DUHD H[HFXWDULL OXFUDULORU GH FRQVWUXFWLL UHVSHFWLY FRQVWUXLUHD GH FODGLUL
FRQVROLGDUHDH[WLQGHUHDGHPRODUHDPRGLILFDUHDVLUHFRQVWUXLUHDGHFODGLULVDXGHDOWH
FRQVWUXFWLL 
3HQWUXDHYLWDRULFHIHOGHQHODPXULULLQVHQVXOFHORUGHPDLVXVDUDWDWHYRPOXD


 2DQD%HXUDQ

LQGLVFXWLHPDLPXOWHH[HPSOH$VWIHOGDFDVHQHFHVLWDPRGLILFDUHDFRPSDUWLPHQWDULL
XQXL DSDUWDPHQW VLWXDW LQWUXQ EORF GH ORFXLQWH SHQWUX DFHDVWD VLWXDWLH YD IL QHFHVDUD
HOLEHUDUHD XQHL DXWRUL]DWLL GH FRQVWUXLUH QHDYDQG LPSRUWDQWD GDFD SHUHWHOH FH IDFH
RELHFWXOGHPRODULLHVWHSHUHWHGHUH]LVWHQWDVDXQX8QDOWH[HPSOXFRQVWDLQVLWXDWLDLQ
FDUHRFRQVWUXFWLHXUPHD]DDILGHPRODWDVLLQORFXOVDXXUPHD]DDILHGLILFDWDRDOWD,Q
DFHVW FD] WUHEXLH REWLQXWH GRXD DXWRUL]DWLL GH FRQVWUXLUH UHVSHFWLY SULPD LQ VHQVXO
GHPRODULLFRQVWUXFWLHLH[LVWHQWHFHXUPHD]DDILGHPRODWDVLDGRXDLQVHQVXOHGLILFDULL
FHOHLDGRXDFHXUPHD]DDILFRQVWUXLWD7RWFXWLWOXGHH[HPSOXPHQWLRQDPVLVLWXDWLD
LQFDUHRFODGLUHDYDQGUHJLPXOGHLQDOWLPHSDUWHUVLHWDMXUPHD]DDVHH[WLQGHFXXQ
QLYHO LQ SOXV UHVSHFWLY PDQVDUGDSHQWUX PDQVDUGD XUPHD]D D IL REWLQXWD DQWHULRU
LQFHSHULLOXFUDULORUGHH[HFXWLHDOXFUDULORUDXWRUL]DWLHGHFRQVWUXLUH,QFDGUXODFHVWXL
DUWLFROQXXUPHD]DVDH[SXQHPFD]XULOHVLPRGDOLWDWLOHFDUHH[LVWDLQSUDFWLFDSULYLQG
REWLQHUHD DXWRUL]DWLHL GH FRQVWUXLUH XOWHULRU LQFHSHULL VDX WHUPLQDULL OXFUDULORU GH
FRQVWUXLUHVXQW DVWIHO GH VLWXDWLL GHVWXO GH IUHFYHQW LQWDOQLWH LQ SUDFWLFD GDU
QHUHFRPDQGDELOGLQSXQFWGHYHGHUHMXULGLFDIL

SUDFWLFDWH


&D RULFH FRQWUDFW GH QDWXUD FLYLOD FRQWUDFWXO GH DQWUHSUL]D SHQWUX OXFUDUL GH
FRQVWUXFWLL WUHEXLH VD FXSULQGD R DQXPLWD VWUXFWXUD SDUWLOH FRQWUDFWDQWH RELHFWXO
FRQWUDFWXOXL SUHWXO DFHVWXLD GHFODUDWLLOH VL JDUDQWLLOH SDUWLORU GUHSWXULOH VL REOLJDWLLOH
SDUWLORUFD]XULGHLQFHWDUHDFRQWUDFWXOXLVLGLVSR]LWLLILQDOH 
,Q FHHD FH SULYHVWH SDUWLOH FRQWUDFWDQWH WUHEXLH VD VH PHQWLRQH]H LQ FRQWUDFW
QXPHOH VDX GHQXPLUHD ORU LQ IXQFWLH GDFD SDUWHD HVWH SHUVRDQDIL]LFD VDX MXULGLFDGH
DVHPHQHD GHQXPLUHD SHUVRQHL IL]LFH QX WUHEXLH VD FRQWLQD SUHVFXUWDUL LDU QXPHOH
SHUVRDQHLIL]LFHWUHEXLHVDILHPHQWLRQDWLQPRGFRPSOHWDVWIHOGDFDQXPHOHFRQWLQH
GRXD VDX PDL PXOWH SUHQXPH WRDWH DFHVWHD WUHEXLH PHQWLRQDWH $ODWXUL GH DFHVWH
HOHPHQWHSHUVRDQDMXULGLFDWUHEXLHVDDLEDPHQWLRQDWHGDWHUHIHULWRDUHVHGLXVLODFRGXO
XQLFGHLQUHJLVWUDUHODRUJDQXOILVFDOSUHFXPVLQXPDUXOGHLQUHJLVWUDUHGHOD5HJLVWUXO
&RPHUWXOXL VDX GRDU XQD GLQWUH DFHVWH GDWH GXSD FD] ,Q PRG REOLJDWRULX WUHEXLH
PHQWLRQDWDSHUVRDQDIL]LFDFDUHUHSUH]LQWDSHUVRDQDMXULGLFDDFHDVWDGLQXUPDDYDQG
FD HOHPHQWH PHQWLRQDWH FHOH FX FDUH RULFH SHUVRDQD IL]LFD WUHEXLH D IL LGHQWLILFDWD
UHVSHFWLYGRPLFLOLXVLUHVHGLQWDGXSDFD]WRDWHGDWHOHGHEXOHWLQVDXFDUWHGHLGHQWLWDWH
VLFRGXOQXPHULFSHUVRQDOQXPHOHSDULQWLORUVDXGDWDQDVWHULLVXQWIDFXOWDWLYHGHDOWIHO
FHDGLQXUPDUHLHVHGLQFRGXOQXPHULFSHUVRQDO2EOLJDWRULXWUHEXLHLQVHUDWDFDOLWDWHD
ILHFDUHLSDUWLFRQWUDFWDQWHUHVSHFWLYDQWUHSUHQRUFHOFHXUPHD]DDH[HFXWDOXFUDUHDGH
FRQVWUXLH VL FDUH D IRVW DOHV LQWXLWX SHUVRQDH DGLFD SH FRQVLGHUHQWH SHUVRQDOH GH
LQFUHGHUH DSUHFLHUH SURIHVLRQDOD VL EHQHILFLDUFHO LQ IRORVXO FDUXLD VH H[HFXWD
OXFUDUHD $PEHOH SDUWL FRQWUDFWDQWH WUHEXLH VD DLED FDSDFLWDWH GH H[HUFLWLX GHSOLQD
DGLFD SHQWUX SHUVRDQHOH MXULGLFH VD ILH OHJDO LQILLQWDWH LDU SHQWUX FHOH IL]LFH VD DLED
PLQLPXO YDUVWHL GH  DQL GHFL VXQW H[FHSWDWL PLQRULL VL LQWHU]LVLL MXGHFDWRUHVWL
3DUWLOHVHSRWSUH]HQWDSHUVRQDODGLFDLQQXPHSURSULXODLQFKHLHUHDFRQWUDFWXOXLVDX
SRWYHQLUHSUH]HQWDQWLSULQSURFXUDFDUHVDFRQWLQDLPSHUDWLYPDQGDWVSHFLDOLQDFHVW
VHQVSURFXUDQXWUHEXLHLQFKHLDWDLQIRUPDDXWHQWLFDQRWDULDODGHFDWGDFDFRQWUDFWXOGH
DQWUHSUL]DGHOXFUDULGHFRQVWUXLUHYDILLQFKHLDWDXWHQWLFQRWDULDO 
,Q FHHD FH SULYHVWH IRUPD LQ FDUH WUHEXLH VD VH LQFKHLH XQ DVWIHO GH FRQWUDFW
SHQWUX D SXWHD SURGXFH HIHFWH MXULGLFH PHQWLRQDP FD DFHVW WLS GH FRQWUDFW HVWH XQXO

 &RQWUDFWXOGHDQWUHSUL]DSHQWUXOXFUDULGHFRQVWUXFWLLGLQSHUVSHFWLYDUHJOHPHQWDULORU1RXOXL&RG&LYLO

FRQVHQVXDODGLFDVHLQFKHLHSULQVLPSOXDFRUGGHYRLQWDDSDUWLORUFRQWUDFWDQWHDGLFD
HO SRDWH IL XQ LQVFULV VXE VHPQDWXUD SULYDWD FDUH YD SURGXFH HIHFWH MXULGLFH LQ
FRQVHFLQWDIDUDDILQHYRLHGLQSXQFWXOGHYHGHUHDOYDODELOLWDWLLVDOHVDILHLQFKHLDWGH
FDWUH R SHUVRDQD VLVDX RUJDQLQVWLWXWLH GH GUHSW VSUH H[HPSOX DYRFDW VDX QRWDU
SXEOLFFDH[FHSWLHOHJHDLPSXQHXQFDUDFWHUVROHPQLQVLWXDWLDLQFDUHDQWUHSUL]DDUH
FDRELHFWOXFUDULSXEOLFH8OWLPXODVSHFWSULYLQGSDUWLOHFRQWUDFWDQWHDOHXQXLDVWIHOGH
FRQWUDFW HVWH UHJOHPHQWDW GH DUW  &RG &LYLO FDUH PHQWLRQHD]D FD]XULOH GH
LQFDSDFLWDWH DGLFD LQWHUGLFWLLOH OHJDOH GH LQFKHLHUH D XQXL FRQWUDFW GH DQWUHSUL]D LQ
JHQHUDO$FHDVWDLQWHUGLFWLHDIRVWLQVWLWXLWDSHQWUXDQXSHUPLWHDEX]XOGHUHSUH]HQWDUH
VLYDQ]DUHDEXQXULORUSURSULLFDWUHSHUVRDQHOHSHFDUHOHUHSUH]LQWDRULDOHFDURUEXQXUL
VDXSDWULPRQLXOHDGPLQLVWUHD]D 
2ELHFWXO FRQWUDFWXOXL WUHEXLH VD ILH GHWHUPLQDW VL OLFLW GH H[HPSOX HGLILFDUHD
XQHL FRQVWUXFWLL SH XQ DQXPLW WHUHQ VDX H[WLQGHUHD FRQVWUXFWLHL 7RWRGDWD WUHEXLH
GHVFULVD OXFUDUHD GH FRQVWUXLUH FD XUPHD]D D IL HGLILFDWD GH H[HPSOX PHQWLRQDUHD
DGUHVHLSRVWDOHDOXFUDULLGHFRQVWUXLUHVXSUDIDWDVDUHJLPXOGHLQDOWLPHDOFRQVWUXFWLHL
HWF'HRDUHFHFRQWUDFWXOGHDQWUHSUL]DLQJHQHUDOQXQXPDLFHOUHIHULWRUODFRQVWUXFWLL
HVWHFXH[HFXWDUHVXFFHVLYDOXFUDUHDSHQWUXFDUHYDILREWLQXWDDXWRUL]DWLDGHFRQVWUXLUH
YDILUHDOL]DWDLQWUXQDQXPLWLQWHUYDOGHWLPSFHXUPHD]DDILVWLSXODWLQFRQWUDFWGDU
FDUHQXYDSXWHDILPDLPDUHGHFDWWHUPHQXOGHYDODELOLWDWHDODXWRUL]DWLHLGHFRQVWULUH
ILLQGLQDFHVWFD]OXDWDLQFDOFXOVLSRVLELOLWDWHDSUHOXQJLULLYDODELOLWDWLLDXWRUL]DWLHLGH
FRQVWUXLUH $VDGDU OXFUDUHD GH FRQVWUXLUH FDUH IDFH RELHFWXO FRQWUDFWXOXL YD IL
H[HFXWDWDGHFDWUHDQWUHSUHQRUFDUHVHREOLJDVDRH[HFXWHSHULVFXOVDXSHQWUXFHDODOWD
SDUWH FRQWUDFWDQWD EHQHILFLDU 'H DLFL UH]XOWD VL GHRVHELULOH GLQWUH FRQWUDFWXO GH
DQWUHSUL]DLQJHQHUDOVLDOWHFRQWUDFWHSUHFXPFRQWUDFWXOGHPDQGDWVDXFRQWUDFWXOGH
PXQFD%LQHLQWHOHVFDDQWUHSUHQRUXODUHGUHSWXOGDFDVHVWLSXOHD]DLQPRGH[SUHVLQ
FRQWUDFWVDLQFUHGLQWH]HXQXLDVDXPDLPXOWRUVXEDQWUHSUHQRULH[HFXWDWUHDOXFUDULLGH
FRQVWUXLUHGDUGRDUGDFDDFHVWOXFUXHVWHH[SUHVVWDELOLWGHSDUWLLQFDGUXOFRQWUDFWXOXL
GHFLDSDUHFDRH[FHSWLHGHODFDUDFWHUXOLQWXLWXSHUVRQDHGHFDUHYRUEHDPPDLVXV,Q
DFHVWXOWLPFD]PHQWLRQDPLQPRGVXFFLQWFDVLFRQWUDFWXOGHVXEDQWUHSUL]DXUPHD]D
DFHHDVL UHJXOL GH YDODELOLDWH FX FHOH FRQWUDFWXOXL SULQFLSDO GH DQWUHSUL]D GDU IRDUWH
LPSRUWDQWD HVWH SUHYHGHUHD DUW  &RG &LYLO FDUH VWLSXOHD]D FD

LQ UDSRUWXULOH FX

EHQHILFLDUXO DQWUHSUHQRUXO UDVSXQGH SHQWUX IDSWD VXEDQWUHSUHQRUXOXL OD IHO FD SHQWUX
SURSULDVDIDSWD

 
3UHWXO FRQWUDFWXOXL GH DQWUHSUL]D GH FRQVWUXFWLL WUHEXLH VD ILH VHULRV VLQFHU
GHWHUPLQDW VDX FHO SXWLQ GHWHUPLQDELO &D UHJXOD HO FRQVWD LQWUR VXPD GH EDQL GDU
SUHYHGHULOH &RGXOXL &LYLO VWLSXOHD]D FD DFHVWD SRDWH FRQVWD LQ RULFH DOWH EXQXUL VDX
SUHVWDWLL ,Q JHQHUDO FD SULQFLSLX GH GUHSW SDUWLOH LVL VWDELOHVF VL QHJRFLD]D VLQJXUH
SUHWXO SULQFLSLXO OLEHUDOLWDWLL FRQWUDFWXDOH OHJXLWRUXO URPDQ QHSUHYD]DQG XQ SUHW
PLQLPVDXPD[LPVLQLFLQXVWDELOHVWHYUHXQFULWHULXGHFDOFXODOSUHWXOXLFXH[FHSWLD
SUHWXOXLSHQWUXOXFUDULOHVLVHUYLFLLOHSUHVWDWHVWDWXOXLSULQDFKL]LWLLSXEOLFH6LQFHULWDWHD
SUHWXOXLHVWHIRDUWHLPSRUWDQWDGHRDUHFHLQFD]XOLQFDUHSUHWXOFRQWUDFWXOXLQXDUILFHO
PHQWLRQDW LQ FRQWUDFW DGLFD LQ DFRQWUDFW VDU PHQWLRQD XQ SUHW PDL PLF DWXQFL DU IL
DSOLFDELOH SUHYHGHULOH GH QDWXUD SHQDOD  HYHQWXDO FHOH UHIHULWRDUH OD HYD]LXQH ILVFDOD
VSDODUHGHEDQLHWF6HULR]LWDWHDVDVHDSUHFLD]DLQIXQFWLHGDFDH[LVWDRHFKLYDOHQWDFX

 2DQD%HXUDQ

YDORDUHDOXFUDULLH[HFXWDWHGHFDWUHDQWUHSUHQRUELQHLQWHOHVFDQXVHFHUHRHFKLYDOHQWD
SHUIHFWD QLFL QX VDU SXWHD VWDELOL XQD LQ DFHVW VHQV GHRDUHFH WLQH GH VXELHFWLYLVPXO
SDUWLORU3UHWXOHVWHGHWHUPLQDWDWXQFLFDQGSDUWLOHODLQFKHLHUHDFRQWUDFWXOXLVWDELOHVF
PHQWLRQDQG LQ DFHVW VHQV LQ FRQWUDFW LQWLQGHUHD VDGH H[HPSOX SUHWXO SUH]HQWXOXL
LQVFULV HVWH LQ FXDQWXP GH  ]HFHPLL URQ VDX HVWH LQ FXDQWXP GH 
GRXD]HFLPLL (XUR FH XUPHD]D D IL DFKLWDW LQ HFKLYDOHQW 521 OD FXUVXO %15 521
(852ODGDWDHIHFWXDULLSODWLL3UHWXOPHQWLRQDWLQFLIUHWUHEXLHPHQWLRQDWLQSDUDQWH]H
VLLQOLWHUHLDUGHDVHPHQHDPHQWLRQDPFDSHWHULWRULXO5RPDQLHLSODWDFDWUHRSHUVRDQD
MXULGLFDVHYDIDFHGRDULQPRQHGD5RQFKLDUGDFDSUHWXOYDILQHJRFLDWVWDELOLDJUHDW
VL GHWHUPLQDW GH SDUWL LQ DOWD PRQHGD 3UHWXO SRDWH IL GHWHUPLQDW VL XOWHULRU LQFKHLHULL
FRQWUDFWXOXLGDFDSDUWLOHVWDELOHVFRPRGDOLWDWHFRQFUHWDGHGHWHUPLQDUHDDFHVWLXLDSH
ED]D DQXPLWRU FULWHULL FODU HYRFDWH LQ FRQWUDFW VL QX WUHEXLH LQ PRG REOLJDWRULX VD
GHSLQGDGHYRLQWDH[SUHVDGRDUDXQHLSDUWLFRQWUDFWDQWHVDXRDOWDYDULDQWDSRVLELODVL
OHJDOD DU IL FD SUHWXO VD ILH GHWHUPLQDW XOWHULRU GH FDWUH XQ WHUW GHVHPQDW GH FRPXQ
DFRUGGHDPEHOHSDUWLIDUDFDVDILHQHFHVDUFDWHUWXOVDLQGHSOLQHDVFDDQXPLWHFRQGLWLL
GH SUHJDWLUH SURIHVLRQDOD VDX FD DFHVWD VD SULPHDVFD GLQ SDUWHD SDUWLORU LQVWUXFWLXQL
UHIHULWRDUH ODGHWHUPLQDUHDSUHWXOXL7HUWXODUHFDOLWDWHDGHPDQGDWDULPSXWHUQLFLWDO
DPEHORUSDUWLIDUDVDH[LVWHFRQWUDULHWDWHGHLQWHUHVHLQDFHVWVHQVHODYDQGIDFXOWDWHD
VDUHQXQWHODPDQGDWXORIHULWLQFRQIRUPLWDWHFXSUHYHGHULOH&RGXOXL&LYLO,QVFKLPE
GDFDWHUWXOQXSRDWHVDXQXYUHDVDVDGHWHUPLQHSUHWXOLQWHUPHQXOVWDELOLWGHSDUWLOD
FHUHUHD SDUWLL LQWHUHVDWH VH YD QXPL XQ H[SHUW GH FDWUH SUHVHGLQWHOH MXGHFDWRULHL GH OD
ORFXOLQFKHLHULLFRQWUDFWXOXLLQYHGHUHDGHWHUPLQDULLSUHWXOXLFRQWUDFWXOXLGHDQWUHSUL]D
GH FRQVWUXFWLL $WXQFL FDQG FRQWUDFWXO QX SUHYHGH FODX]H UHIHULWRDUH OD SUHW
EHQHILFLDUXO GDWRUHD]D SUHWXO SUHYD]XW GH OHJH RUL FDOFXODW SRWULYLW OHJLL VDX LQ OLSVD
XQRUDVHPHQHDSUHYHGHULOHJDOHSUHWXOVWDELOLWLQUDSRUWFXPXQFDGHSXVDVLFKHOWXLHOLOH
QHFHVDUH SHQWUX H[HFXWDUHD OXFUDULL RUL SUHVWDUHD VHUYLFLXOXL WLQDQGXVH FRQW GH
X]DQWHOHRELVQXLWH,QOLWHUDWXUDGHVSHFLDOLWDWHVLLQSUDFWLFDVHDSUHFLD]DFDSUHWXOVH
SRDWH GHWHUPLQD VL LQ VLWXDWLD LQ FDUH DQWUHSUHQRUXO LQ JHQHUDO UHDOL]HD]D OXFUDUL RUL
LQGHSOLQHVWH VHUYLFLL GH VSHFLDOLWDWH LQ GRPHQLXO FRQVWUXFWLLORU DVWIHO VH SUH]XPD FD
SDUWLOHDXDYXWLQYHGHUHSUHWXOSHFDUHDQWUHSUHQRUXOLOSUDFWLFDGHUHJXODSHQWUXDFHD
FDWHJRULH GH OXFUDUL VDX VHUYLFLLSUH]XPWLD HVWH XQD UHODWLYD DVWIH LQFDW SRDWH IL
UDVWXUQDWDFXRULFHPLMORFGHSURED2ULFXPLQRULFHVLWXDWLHDQWUHSUHQRUXOVHEXFXUD
GHRLSRWHFDOHJDODSHQWUXJDUDQWDUHDSUHWXOXLOXFUDULLFHXUPHD]DDILUHDOL]DWDLSRWHFD
FH SRDWH IL QRWDWD FRUHVSXQ]DWRU LQ &DUWHD )XQFLDUD DIHUHQWD LPRELOXOXL UHVSHFWLY
SHQWUXRSR]DELOLWDWHIDWDGHWHUWL 
3DUWLOH FKLDU GDFD QX VH JDUDQWHD]D LQ PRG H[SUHV WUHEXLH VD ILH GH
EXQDFUHGLQWD SH WRW SDUFXUVXO GHUXODULL FRQWUDFWXOXL SHQWUX D SXWHD VDVL H[HFXWH
FRQIRUPQHJRFLHULLREOLJDWLLOHDVXPDWHILHFDUHLREOLJDWLLFRUHVSXQ]DQGXLXQGUHSW&D
UHJXOD GH GUHSW DQWUHSUHQRUXO WUHEXLH VD H[HFXWH OXFUDUHD FX PDWHULDOHOH VDOH GDU
DFHDVWD QRUPD QX HVWH XQD LPSHUDWLYD DVDGDU SDUWLOH SRW VWLSXOD FD EHQHILFLDUXO VD
SURFXUH PDWHULDOHOH QHFHVDUH H[HFXWDULL OXFUDULL GH FRQVWUXFWLH LQ DFHVW DO GRLOHD FD]
DQWUSUHQRUXO DYDQG REOLJDWLD VD OH SDVWUH]H VL VD OH IRORVHDVFD SRWULYLW GHVWLQDWLHL ORU
SUHFXP VL VDL UHVWLWXLH EHQHILFLDUXO WRW FHHD FH QX D IRORVLWOD H[HFXWDWUHD OXFUDULL GH
FRQVWUXFWLH 'DFD DQWUHSUHQRUXO YD IRORVL PDWHULDOHOH VDOH DWXQFL DFHVWD YD UDVSXQGH

 &RQWUDFWXOGHDQWUHSUL]DSHQWUXOXFUDULGHFRQVWUXFWLLGLQSHUVSHFWLYDUHJOHPHQWDULORU1RXOXL&RG&LYLO

IDWD GH EHQHILFLDU GH FDOLWDWHD DFHVWRUD 2EOLJDWLD GH LQIRUPDUH D DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL IDWD
GH EHQHILFLDU GDU VL IDWD GH SURLHFWDQW FRQVWD LQ LQIRUPDUHD FX SULYLUH OD QRUPDOD
H[HFXWDUH D OXFUDULL WUDLQLFLD HL VDX IRORVLUHD SRWULYLW GHVWLQDWLHL DU IL SULPHMGXLWD GLQ
FDX]DPDWHULDOHOHORUSURFXUDWHVDXDFHORUODOWHPLMORDFHSHFDUHFRQIRUPFRQWUDFWXOXL
EHQHILFLDUXO OHD SXV OD GLVSR]LWLH RUL D LQVWUXFWLXQLORU QHFRUHVSXQ]DWRDUH GDWH GH
EHQHILFLDU SUHFXP VL GHVSUH H[LVWHQWD VDX LYLUHD XQRU LPSUHMXUDUL SHQWUX FDUH
DQWUHSUHQRUXO QX HVWH WLQXW VD UDVSXQGD 3DUWLOH FRQWUDFWDQWH SRW VD SUHYDGD VL DOWH
VLWXDWLL LQ FDUH DQWUHSUHQRUXO HVWH WLQXW IDWD GH EHQHILFDU VDO LQIRUPH]H $FHDVWD
REOLJDWLH UHSUH]LQWD XQ HOHPHQW GH QRXWDWH LQ OHJLVODWLD QRDVWUD LDU DFHDVWD WUHEXLH VD
ILHH[HFXWDWDGHFDWUHDQWUHSUHQRUIDWDGHEHQHILFLDUIDUDLQWDU]LHUH&HHDFHVHUHPDUFD
HVWHIDSWXOFDVLWXDWLLOHGHVSUHFDUHDQWUHSUHQRUXOWUHEXLHVDOLQIRUPH]HSHEHQHILFLDU
VXQW WRWDO LQGHSHQGHQWH GH FXOSD SULPXOXL PHQWLRQDW ,Q FD]XO LQ FDUH VH LYHVWH R
VLWXDWLH GH QDWXUD FHORU DQWHULRU PHQWLRQDWH LDU EHQHILFLDUXO GHVL LQIRUPDW IDUD
LQWDU]LHUH GH FDWUH DQWUHSUHQRU QX LD PDVXULOH QHFHVDUH DQWUHSUHQRUXO SRDWH UH]LOLD
FRQWUDFWXO GDFD OXFUDUHD DU IL GH QDWXUD VD DPHQLQWH VDQDWDWHD VDX LQWHJULWDWHD
FRUSRUDOD D SHUVRDQHORU UH]LOLHUHD FRQWUDFWXOXL VH LPSXQH LQ PRG LPSHUDWLY VXE
VDQFWLXQHD GH D SUHOXD ULVFXO FRQWUDFWXOXL VL GH D UDVSXQGH IDWD GH WHUWL SHQWUX
SUHMXGLFLLOH LYLWH VDX SRDWH VDO FRQWLQXH SH ULVFXO EHQHILFLDUXOXL QRWLILFDQGXO SH
DFHVWDGLQXUPDLQDFHVWVHQV,QYHGHUHDUHDOL]DULLOXFUDULLGHFRQVWUXFWLHEHQHILFLDUXO
DUHREOLJDWLDGHDLSHUPLWHDQWUHSUHQRUXOXLIRORVLUHDFDLORUGHDFFHVODWHUHQXOXQGHVH
UHDOL]HD]DOXFUDUHDUHVSHFWLYDSUHFXPVLODLQVWDODWLLOHSURSULLGHDOLPHQWDUHFXDSDVLD
DOWRUXWLOLWDWLFHGHVHUYHVFLPRELOXOLQPDVXUDLQFDUHHVWHQHFHVDUSHQWUXOXFUDUH'H
DVHPHQHDFDGLQVDUFLQDEHQHILFLDUXOXLWRDWHREOLJDWLLOHDIHUHQWHVROLFLWDULLVLREWLQHULL
DXWRUL]DWLLORU FHUXWH GH OHJH SHQWUX H[HFXWDUHD OXFUDULL LQ VLWXDWLD LQ FDUH OH REWLQH
DQWUHSUHQRUXOSRWULYLWFRQYHQWLHLSDUWLORUDFHVWDWUHEXLHVDILHPDQGDWDWLQPRGH[SUHV
1HUHVSHFDWDUHD IDUD MXVWLILFDUH D DFHVWRU REOLJDWLL UHSUH]LQWD XQ FD] GH UH]LOLHUH D
FRQWUDFWXOXL GH DQWUHSUL]D GH OXFUDUL GH FRQVWUXFWLH /HJLXLWRUXO URPDQ D UHFXQRVFXW
GUHSWXO EHQHILFLDUXOXL FD SH GXUDWD H[HFXWDULL OXFUDULL GH FRQVWUXFWLH VD FRQWUROH]H
VWDGLXOGHH[HFXWLHDOOXFUDULLFDOLWDWHDVLDVSHFWXODFHVWHLDVLDOPDWHULDOHORUIRORVLWHVL
LQ JHQHUDO RULFH DVSHFWH SULYLQG LQGHSOLQLUHD GH FDWUH DQWUHSUHQRU D REOLJDWLLORU VDOH
FRQWUDFWXDOH GDU IDUD D VWDQMHQL DFWLYLWDWHD QRUPDOD D DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL &RQWUROXO VH
SRDWHIDFHSHUVRQDOGHFDWUHEHQHILFLDUVDXSULQUHSUH]HQWDQWLFDOLILFDWL%HQHILFLDUXOLL
FRPXQLFD LQ VFULV DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL FRQVWDWDULOH IDFXWH FX SRVLELOLWDWHD GH DL GD
LQVWUXFWLXQLUHIHULWRDUHGHH[HPSOXODUHPHGLHUHDOXFUDULORULQFDGUDUHDLQWHUPHQHOHGH
H[HFXWDUHDOXFUDULLHWF/HJHDDUHLQYHGHUHVLFRQVWDWDUHDUHDOL]DULLOXFUDULORUDVFXQVH
GHVHPQDWHLQWH[WXOOHJDOFDILLQG

DFHOHSDUWLGLQOXFUDUHFHXUPHD]DDILDFRSHULWHSULQ
H[HFXWDUHDXOWHULRDUDDDOWRUOXFUDULVDXSULQPRQWDUHDXQRUHOHPHQWHGHFRQVWUXFWLL

,Q
DFHDVWDVLWXDWLHDPEHOHSDUWLFRQWUDFWDQWHFRQVWDWDLPSUHXQDH[LVWHQWDSDUWLLILQDOL]DWH
VLFRQIRUPLWDWHDDFHVWRUDFXGLVSR]LWLLOHOHJDOHVLFODX]HOHFRQWUDFWXDOH5HJXODHVWHFD
DQWUHSUHQRUXO LO FRQYRDFD LQ VFULV SH EHQHILFLDU LQ DFHVW VHQVLQWUXQ WHUPHQ UH]RQDELO
SRWULYLWX]DQWHORUH[LVWHQWHGDUSDUWLOHSRWFRQYHQLDOWIHOFRQIRUPFRQWUDFWXOXL'DFD
EHQHILFLDUXO QX VH SUH]LQWD DQWUHSUHQRUXO SRDWH LQWRFPL VLQJXU DFWXO GH FRQVWDWDUH D
OXFUDULL FH XUPHD]D D IL DFRSULWD OXFUDUHD ILLQG FRQVLGHUDWD FRQIRUPD &RGXO &LYLO
UHJOHPHQWHD]DVLVLWXDWLDGHVXVSHQGDUHDOXFUDULORUPDVXUDFHSRDWHILOXDWDGHFDWUH

 2DQD%HXUDQ

DQWUHSUHQRU LQ FD]XO LQ FDUH OD OXFUDUHD H[HFXWDWD VH FRQVWDWD JUHVHOL VDX OLSVXUL VDX
RULFHIHOGHQHUHJXODFXREOLJDWLDDFHVWXLDGHDOHDGXFHODFXQRVWLLQWDEHQHILFLDUXOXLVL
SURLHFWDQWXOXL0DVXUDVXVSHQGDULLYDGXUDSDQDODOXDUHDPDVXULORUQHFHVDUHGHFDWUH
EHQHILFLDUDVWIHOLQFDWDQWUHSUHQRUXOVDVLSRDWDUHDOL]DOXFUDUHDGHFRQVWUXFWLH 
)LQDOL]DUHD OXFUDULL GH FRQVWUXFWLH SUHVXSXQH UHFHSWLD SURYL]RULH OD WHUPLQDUHD
OXFUDULORU VL XOWHULRU FHD ILQDOD &RGXO &LYLO QX GHILQHVWH DFHVWH GRXD HWDSH GDU DFHVW
DVSHFWHVWHGHILQLWVLFODULILFDWLQED]DXQRUWH[WHVSHFLDOHGHOHJH,PSRUWDQWDUHFHSWLHL
SURYL]RULLFRQVWDLQWUDQVIHUXOULVFXULORUOXFUDULLDVXSUDEHQHILFLDUXOXLLDUSRWULYLWDUW
GLQ + * QU  SULYLQG DSUREDUHD 5HJXODPHQWXOXL GH UHFHSWLH D OXFUDULORU GH
FRQVWUXFWLL VL LQVWDODWLL DIHUHQWH DFHVWRUD

5HFHSWLD FRQVWLWXLH R FRPSRQHQWD D

VLVWHPXOXLFDOLWDWLLLQFRQVWUXFWLLVLHVWHDFWXOSULQFDUHLQYHVWLWRUXOGHFODUDFDDFFHSWD
SUHLD OXFUDUHD FX VDX IDUD UH]HUYH VL FD DFHDVWD SRDWH IL GDWD LQ IRORVLQWD

7RWRGDWD
&RGXO &LYLO UHJOHPHQWHD]D VL UDVSXQGHUHD SHQWUX YLFLL DOLQ  DUW  GLQ &RG 
WULPLWH OD OHJHD VSHFLDOD LQ FHHD FH SULYHVWH WHUPHQHOH GH JDUDQWLH DVWIHO /HJHD QU
 SULYLQG FDOLWDWHD LQ FRQVWUXFWLL SUHYHGH XQ WHUPHQ GH JDUDQWLH FRQWUD YLFLLORU
GHDQL$OLQDODFHOXLDVLDUWLFROLQVWLWXLHRSUH]XPWLHGHUDVSXQGHUHSHQWUXYLFLLOH
OXFUDULL LQ VDUFLQD DUKLWHFWXOXL VL D LQJLQHUXOXL SUH]XPWLH UHODWLYD FDUH SRDWH IL
LQODWXUDWDGDFDDFHVWLDSUREHD]DIDSWXOFDYLFLLOHOXFUDULLQXVXQWGDWRUDWHGLQFXOSDORU
6L UDVSXQGHUHD DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL SHQWUX YLFLL HVWH UHJOHPHQWDWD LQ DOLQHDWXO XUPDWRU
ILLQGGHDVHPHQHDLQVWLWXLWDRSUH]XPWLHUHODWLYDGHUDVSXQGHUHFDUHSRDWHILLQODWXUDWD
SULQ H[SHUWL]HOH VL SODQXULOH UHDOL]DWH LQ YHGHUHD UHDOL]DULL OXFUDULL GH FRQVWUXFWLH
([RQHUDUHDGHUDVSXQGHUHRSHUHD]DLQVLWXDWLDLQFDUHVHGRYHVWHFDYLFLLOHOXFUDULLVXQW
FDX]DWHGHDOHJHULOHSHFDUHEHQHILFLDUXOOXFUDULLOHDIDFXWFXSULYLUHODPDWHULDOHOHGH
FRQVWUXFWLH DOHJHUD VROXOXL SH FDUH D IRVW HGLILFDWD FRQVWUXFWLD DOHJHUHD H[SHUWLORU D
PHWRGHORU GH FRQVWUXLUH HWF 3UHVFULSWLD GUHSWXOXL OD DFWLXQH SHQWUX YLFLL DSDUHQWH
LQFHSHVDFXUJDGHODGDWDUHFHSWLHLILQDOHDOXFUDULLVDXGHODGDWDLPSOLQLULLWHUPHQXOXL
DFRUGDW DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL SULQ SURFHVXOYHUEDO GH UHFHSWLH ILQDOD SHQWUX LQODWXUDUHD
YLFLLORUFRQVWDWDWH3HQWUXYLFLLOHOXFUDULLGHSURLHFWDUHSUHVFULSWLDGUHSWXOXLODDFWLXQH
LQFHSH VD FXUJD RGDWD FX SUHVFULSWLD GUHSWXOXL OD DFWLXQH SHQWUX YLFLLOH OXFUDULORU
H[HFXWDWH GH DQWUHSUHQRU SUHYD]XWH LQ FDGUXO UHFHSWLHL ILQDOH GDFD DFHVWHD DX IRVW
GHVFRSHULWHPDLLQDLQWHSUHVFULSWLDLQFHSHDFXUJHGHODGDWDGHVFRSHULULLORU 
&D VL FD]XUL GH LQFHWDUH D FRQWUDFWXOXL GH DQWUHSUL]D GH OXFUDUL GH FRQVWUXFWLH
DPLQWLP UH]ROXWLXQHD VDX GXSD FD] UH]LOLHUHD FRQWUDFWXOXL FH DSDUH FD R VDQFWLXQHD
DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL FDUH QX D UHDOL]DW OXFUDUHD GH FRQVWUXFWLH FRQIRUP QHJRFLHULL SDUWLORU
LQFOXVLY LQ FHHD FH SULYHVWH WHUPHQXO VWDELOLW SHQWUX WHUPLQDUHD OXFUDULL VDX QX
UHPHGLD]D OLSVXULOH FRQVWDWDWH VL QX VFKLPED SHQWUX YLLWRU PRGXO GH H[HFXWDUH DO
OXFUDULL VDX SHQWUX RULFH DOWH REOLJDWLL FH UHYLQ DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL SRWULYLW OHJLL VDX
FRQIRUPFRQYHQWLHLSDUWLORU%HQHILFLDUXOSRDWHSUREDFXOSDDQWUHSUHQRUXOXLSULQRULFH
PLMORFGHSUREDFD]XULOHGHQHLQGHSOLQLUHDREOLJDWLLORUDQWUHSUHQRUXOXLILLQGVLWXDWLLGH
IDSW 'DU UH]LOLHUHD VDX UH]ROXWLXQHD FRQWUDFWXOXL GH DQWUHSUL]D SHQWUX OXFUDULOH GH
FRQVWUXFWLHSRDWHILFHUXWDVLGHFDWUHDQWUHSUHQRUGHFLGLQFXOSDEHQHILFLDUXOXLGDFD
SULPXO PHQWLRQDW QX SRDWH LQFHSH VDX FRQWLQXD OXFUDULOH GH FRQVWUXFWLH GLQ FDX]D
QHLQGHSOLQLULL GH FDWUH EHQHILFLDU D SURSULLORU REOLJDWLL IDUD MXVWLILFDUH GH H[HPSOX
EHQHILFLDUXOVDREOLJDWVDSURFXUHPDWHULDOHOHQHFHVDUHOXFUDULLGHFRQVWUXFWLHVLQXOHD

 &RQWUDFWXOGHDQWUHSUL]DSHQWUXOXFUDULGHFRQVWUXFWLLGLQSHUVSHFWLYDUHJOHPHQWDULORU1RXOXL&RG&LYLO

QHREWLQXW ,Q SULQFLSLX GHFHVXO EHQHILFLDUXOOXL QX GHWHUPLQD XQ FD] GH LQFHWDUH DO
FRQWUDFWXOXLGHFDWGDFDVDVWLSXODWLQPRGH[SUHVLQDFHVWVHQVLQFRQWUDFW&RQWUDFWXO
GH DQWUHSUL]D LQ JHQHUDO HVWH LQWXLWX SHUVRQDH GRDU SHQWUX DQWUHSUHQRU GHFL GDFD 
DFHVWDGLQXUPDGHFHGHD]DVDXHVWHLQFDSDELOVDH[HFXWHOXFUDUHDDFHVWDUHSUH]LQWDXQ
FD]GHLQFHWDUH 
&RQWUDFWXO GH DQWUHSUL]D D IRVW SHQWUX SULPD GDWD UHJOHPHQWDW LQ &RGXO &LYLO 
LQ  FDQG D LQWUDW LQ YLJRDUH DFWXDOXO &RG DFHVWD ILLQG QRUPD OHJDOD FDGUX
JHQHUDODLQUHJOHPHQWDUHDVDLDULQFKHLHUHDVDLQGRPHQLXOFRQVWUXFWLLORUHVWHGLQFHLQ
FH PDL IUHFYHQWD VL REOLJDWRULH PDL DOHV LQ IRUPD VFULVD DG SUREDWLRQHP DFWXDOD
UHJOHPHQWDUH VXSRUWDQG

FULWLFL

 LQ FHHD FH SULYHVWH REOLJDWLLORU DQWUHSUHQRUXOXL GDU

DFHVWHREOLJDWLLSRWILH[WLQVHLQIXQFWLHGHQHJRFLHUHDSDUWLORU 



%LEOLRJUDILH
&RGXO&LYLO

/HJHDQUSULYLQGFDOLWDWHDLQFRQVWUXFWLL

+*QU SULYLQGDSUREDUHD5HJXODPHQWXOXLGHUHFHSWLHD OXFUDULORU
GHFRQVWUXFWLLVLLQVWDODWLLDIHUHQWHDFHVWRUD

1RXO&RG&LYLOFRPHQWDULXSHDUWLFROH(GLWXUD%HFN)O$%DLDV(&KHODUX
5&RQVWDQWLQRYLFL,0DFRYHL

/HJHDQUSULYLQGDXWRUL]DUHDH[HFXWDULLOXFUDULORUGHFRQVWUXFWLL