Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila

01
UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF MANILA
INTRAMUROS, MANILA, PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

Impact of Technology on
Human Resource of
Manufacturing Sectors within
Southeast Asian Countries

A research presentation outline prepared by GROUP 2

Ma. Christine Joy Cabuello Eloisa Eco Dylan Itable Marinella Tecson Ashley Nicole Yongco
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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Objectives

Determine the effect of
technology and globalization on
the manufacturing sectors within
Southeast Asian countries
specifically; Singapore, Malaysia,
Indonesia, and the Philippines;
Identify the effects of Name the effects of Artificial
technology on the outcomes of Intelligence (AI) on the product
products of the manufacturing outcomes of the manufacturing
sectors in Southeast Asia; sectors in Southeast Asia;

Determine the impact have Identify the effect of technology

computer generated factories on the human resource of
had on the employees that lost manufacturing sector in
their job in the Philippines; and Philippines. ELOISA ECO
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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INTRODUCTIOON

MA. CHRISTINE JOY CABUELLO

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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Introduction
With the start of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, manufacturing processes altered considerably.
Technology is one of the greatest inventions of human and it has also become the new mechanism of the
manufacturing sectors in terms of upgrading its equipment and production.

However, the innovation of technology has a drastic effect on the human resource of the manufacturing industry.

Human resources of manufacturing sectors in Southeast Asian countries are currently facing a significant job loss,
due to artificial intelligence’s (AI) invasion in their workplace.

The researchers will focus on the four countries of Southeast Asia, namely; Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and
the Philippines.

This study aims to know the impact of technology on human Resource of manufacturing sectors within Southeast
Asian countries.

MA. CHRISTINE JOY CABUELLO

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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CHAPTER I
TREE (3) MAIN MANUFACTURING
SECTORS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

MA. CHRISTINE JOY CABUELO

 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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TEXTILES, CLOTHING, AND FOOTWEAR ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

Textile, clothing , and footwear is a very competitive industry. One of the most leading sectors and mainstay in economic growth
(4) Large multinational brands and retailers dominate it in especially as the region climbs up the value chain and away from
ASEAN, acting as a route for changing economies to transfer low-cost manufacturing is electrical and electronics. The ASEAN
from traditional farming work to formal wage employment. It's area has created a vast industrial and consumer market for E&E
also one of the most labor-intensive businesses, helping machinery and items as a result of rapid economic expansion and a
countries transition to the secondary economic cycle. TCF growing middle class. In the ASEAN region, the sector directly
employs about 9 million people in ASEAN, the majority of whom employs around 2.5 million people. workers are currently
are young women. This is also the most v ul nerable to a outperform by robots in terms of overall assembly, perception,
significant technological shift of employees. flexibility, dexterity, and adaptation to novel tasks, implying that
human workers are (for the time being) more cost-effective.
INDONESIA
AUTOMOTIVE AND AUTO PARTS
Southeast Asian countries has become a player in command
in the automotive industry. In 2015, the region as a whole
was the world's seventh largest car production, with a
compound annual growth rate of 10% since 2009.
Automobile exports from ASEAN have steadily expanded
over the last decade, owing in part to the region's growing
middle class. In ASEAN, the industry employs about 800,000
MA. CHRISTINE JOY CABUELLO
people.
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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CHAPTER II
MOST AFFECTED ASEAN
COUNTRIES: TECHNOLOGY
TAKING OVER HUMAN
RESOURCE’S WORKFORCE

ASHLEY NICOLE
YONGCO
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
SINGAPORE
The strategy was to capitalize on a new global trend known as
Industry 4.0, or I4.0, in which manufacturers would use data and
technology in their factories and laboratories to increase
productivity. Sensors, robotics, AI, Big Data, and Cloud
technologies would be used to “transform” systems and
processes, resulting in smart production plants Tony Stark
would be proud of. (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research (A*STAR), 2021)
INDONESIA
Indonesia has long prioritized the development of the industrial
sector. It is because the manufacturing industry is regarded as a
leader sector capable of pushing other sectors such as
agriculture and services, despite the reality that the
manufacturing sector remains weak, particularly in Indonesia. The
topic of probable differences in the degree of efficiency and
productivity of each sub-sector of the manufacturing industry in
Indonesia is one of the most critical concerns facing the sector.
(Isnina and Lestari, 2017).
07
MALAYSIA
Malaysia's manufacturing sector is an important aspect of the
country's economy. Malaysia's manufacturing exports have
earned it a prominent position in the global market. However,
due to rapid technological and business environment
changes in line with Industry 4.0, this sector faces issues
such as organizational innovation capability. These difficulties
may make manufacturing impossible preventing enterprises
from adopting Industry 4.0 and flourishing. (Rehman, Hafiz
Mudassir et al., 2018)
PHILIPPINES
In the Philippines, a sectoral analysis of employment in
priority industries finds that “Machine terrain" jobs dominate
all of them. Jobs in these fields are plentiful Assemblers in
manufacturing, for example, are anticipated to encounter
significant changes as a result of both destructive and
transformative digitalization. (International Labour
Organization Country Office for the Philippines, 2020)
ASHLEY NICOLE
YONGCO
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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CHAPTER III

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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The aim of this chapter is to determine the impact of technology on the

human resources of the manufacturing sector. Specifically, on its human

resources and on how AI has turned the factory employees into victims of a

globalized world.

This chapter will present the aim of this research and the methodological

approach adopted. Throughout history, technology has consistently changed

the way workers across every industry do their jobs. This study provides a

rich evidence base for policymakers and other stakeholders seeking to

prepare the ASEAN workforces for the demands of the future. As well as

exploring technology’s impact on jobs, we analyzed the skills many of today’s

workers will need to develop, if they are to find sustained employment under

the new technology scenario.

DYLAN B. ITABLE
MARINELLA s. TECSON
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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Technology trends transforming

manufacturing sectors

Robotics and automation are becoming more common in production and services, especially in the

automobile and electronics industries. They boost productivity and speed, provide consistent quality,

make the workplace safer, use fewer materials, keep production prices stable, and make production

more competitive overall:

As employees increasingly work alongside collaborative robots, the automotive and E&E industries

will require more highly skilled technicians and engineers capable of handling new automation

processes.
As automated sewing machines (ASMs) are implemented in export economies, the TCF sector will

require less and fewer low-skilled workers, lowering the requirement for sewing machine operators.
Software robots capable of digesting complex algorithms and acting as cognitive agents would

compete with workers in the Philippines' BPO sector, notably call centers.

DYLAN B. ITABLE
MARINELLA s. TECSON
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) On The Product

Outcome Of The Manufacturing Sector In
Southeast Asia
Customers anticipate their suppliers' needs. With the rapid pace of change, supply chains must be

able to quickly adapt to changing customer preferences. Artificial intelligence can re-optimize

production factor allocation in traditional manufacturing, improve information transmission efficiency,

optimize procurement plans, select suitable suppliers, quickly respond to user needs and order

distribution networks, and significantly reduce purchasing, production, and logistics costs.

Implementing a proper product development strategy is critical for project efficiency. Experience

designers can employ AI to help them incorporate post-launch customer feedback and suggestions

into their products. AI can also be used in product creation to analyze similar products and provide

recommendations based on current social media trends. Quality assurance is a vital phase in any

product development process since it ensures that all specifications and market criteria are met.

DYLAN B. ITABLE
MARINELLA s. TECSON
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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CHAPTER IV

ELOISA ECO
 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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RESEARCH FINDINGS AND HIGHLIGHTS

IMPACTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR

Technology has had a significant impact on production. Computer numerical

control (CNC) and additive manufacturing are new technologies that are
improving the game. These technologies help small and medium-sized
businesses create jobs while also being very cost-effective. Robotic aids and
labor growth are the developments that are reshaping the manufacturing
sector

ELOISA ECO
 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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RESEARCH FINDINGS AND HIGHLIGHTS

ROBOT AIDES
Advanced technologies, such as manufacturing processes, robots, and the Internet of
Things (IoT), have significant potential for growth and employment, according to the
report of ASEAN in Transformation: More than 60% of businesses in the region studied
regarded technological advances as beneficial to growing sales, and in labor
productivity.

ELOISA ECO
 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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RESEARCH FINDINGS AND HIGHLIGHTS

WORKFORCE EXPANSION
According to a study by researchers at Oxford Economics and Cisco, more than 10% of
Southeast Asia's current workforce will be required to deliver the same production by
2028. Electronics and smart sensors will enable grow working environments and gps
navigation by 2028. The demand for more managers and professionals is expected to
increase by 4.4 percent. While searching at rising unemployment, Southeast Asia will
lose 3.4 million net agriculture employees and 1.6 million elementary workers and
employees by 2028.

ELOISA ECO
 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HUMAN RESOURCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTORS WITHIN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
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RESEARCH FINDINGS AND HIGHLIGHTS

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial intelligence (AI) could have a significant impact on the region's economy.
According to study, the currently exhibited technologies Indonesia (52 percent of all
activities), Malaysia (51 percent), the Philippines (48 percent), and Thailand (48 percent)
all have the capacity to automate almost half of the job activities conducted in ASEAN's
four largest economies (55 percent).However, it should be highlighted that technical
feasibility is not the only consideration in work automation; organizations will also
examine the expenses of purchasing and adopting technology solutions. ELOIS
 Conclusions 12

technology flourished in big data, as well as accelerating in penetration into various fields and
globalization has intensified its penetration into different domains, promoting deep integration
and industry innovation,
technology will be needed more than the human workers. Technological advances such as AI
have had both positive and harmful consequences.

As people continue to consider what truly matters in life, it is up to organizations to step up and
provide the necessary tools to help their workforce grow and flourish. Those who do not risk
losing their most valuable asset—their people. These findings clearly show that workers' priorities
have shifted significantly since the pandemic. People are rethinking the type of employer they
want to work for, what they want in a job, and the value they place on their health and well-being.
This chapter discussed the methodological approach undertaken in the research. It outlined the
research questions, the method employed for data collection, the sampling methods of the study.

BY CAHAYA DEWI
 Recommendations 13

Researchers have discovered that technology has had a huge

impact on the human resources of the manufacturing sectors.
Therefore, the researchers suggest the following: (1) Conduct
further studies about the effects of technology on the workforce on
the manufacturing sectors within Southeast Asia; (2) Conduct
studies which will help the employees of manufacturing sectors
who were affected by technology; and (3) For the future
researchers, create an in-depth study on the most affected
countries specifically the workers under manufacturing sectors.

BY CAHAYA DEWI
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BY CAHAYA DEWI