DATA RESOURCE

DATA RESOURCE

- Is the component of information technology infrastructure that represents all the data
available in the organization.

WHY MANAGE DATA?

 Helps in making a good decision fast

 Important for the cost-effective development and operation of information systems.
 Lack of data management leads to poor system development

DATA MODEL

- Visual representation of data elements and relations between them.

DATA MODELING INVOLVES;

1. METHODOLOGY- include the steps to follow to identify data entities

2. NOTATION- is a way to show its finding, usually graphically.

ENTITY- RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD)- most common notation.

METADATA: a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

DATA MODELING APPROACH

1. ONE TOP- DOWN ( ENTERPRISE MODELING)

- system design approach where parts of the system are defined in details.

2. ONE BOTTOM-UP (VIEW INTEGRATION)

- is a system design approach where design starts from the system as a whole.

3. ALTERNATIVE APPROACH
- So-called universal, logical, or packaged data models have been developed from
years of experience in different industries or business areas.
DATABASE PROGRAMMING

- is used to create and maintain an app’s database

- data processing activity with a database can be specified in either procedural
program.

MANAGERIAL ISSUES IN MANAGING DATA

 How to plan for data

 Control data integrity
 Secure access to and use data
 To make data accessible

TYPES OF DATA

1. Local data - those data that have relevance to only a single user or small group of
organization members.
2. Shared data - those that are exchange different user group and hence there must be
agreement on the definition.
3. Core data - those that require an organization wide definition and sourcing.
4. Physical data - exist in database and other file system
5. Logical data - is the view or understanding the data needed to use.
6. Semantic data - meta data that describe organizational data.

Note: “THERE SHOULD BE STRICT DATA STANDARDS”

TYPE OF DATA STANDARD

1. Identifier: Unique value for each business entity

2. Naming: Unique name or label for each type of data
3. Definition: Unambiguous description for each type of data
4. Integrity Rule: Specification of legitimate values for a type of data
5. Usage Rights: Security clearances for a type of data

Note: MASTER DATA MUST CONFORM

MASTER DATA MANAGEMENT (MDM)

- refers to the disciplines, technologies, and methods to ensure the currency, meaning,
and quality of reference data within and across various subject areas.
THE DATA MANAGEMENT PROCESS

 Plan
 Source
 Acquire and Maintain
 Define/Describe and Inventory
 Organize and Make Accessible
 Control Quality and Integrity
 Protect and Secure
 Account for Use
 Recover/Restore and Upgrade
 Determine Retention and Dispose
 Train and Consult for Effective Use

DATA MANAGEMENT POLICIES

- A Data Management Policy (DMP) is a document that helps an organization to manage

the use of data across its business.

DATA GOVERNANCE

- is an organizational process for establishing strategy, objectives, and policies for

organizational data that is, to oversee data stewardship, even overseeing local data
stewards responsible for similar activities for specific data subject areas or business
units.

DATA OWNERSHIP

- Data Ownership is the individuals an organization designates as responsible for that

data.

TRANSBORDER DATA FLOWS

- are electronic movements of data that cross a country’s national boundary for
processing, storage, or retrieval of that data in a foreign country.

CORPORATE INFORMATION POLICY

- this policy is part of the Information Security Policy Framework.

DATA ADMINISTRATION

- a high-level function that is responsible for the overall management of data resources in
an organization.
KEY FUNCTIONS OF THE DATA ADMINISTRATION GROUP

 Promote and control data sharing.

 Analyze the impact of changes to application systems when data definitions change.
 Maintain metadata.
 Reduce redundant data and processing.
 Improve quality and security of data.
 Insure data integrity.