Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Effectiveness of Ginger Tea

Againts Leg Cramps

A Research Proposal

Presented to the

Barbaza National High School

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Program

Science, Technology and Engineering

By

Sean Elijah Enario Talagtag

Kc Rose Samillano

Charice Daquila

Alvie Joy Alacapa

Chilsea Jane Crystal

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Date of Proposal

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

Background of the Study

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. It originated in South-
East Asia and then used in many countries as a spice and condiment to add flavor to food( EJ
P., JM P.,2020). Besides this, the rhizome of ginger has also been used in traditional herbal
medicine. The health-promoting perspective of ginger is attributed to its rich phytochemistry
(Shukla Y., Singh M., 2020). Jolad et al. grouped fresh ginger into two wide range categories,
i.e. volatiles and non-volatiles. Volatiles include sesquiterpene and monoterpenoid hydrocarbons
providing the distinct aroma and taste of ginger. On the contrary, non-volatile pungent
compounds include gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and zingerone ( Jolad et al., 2015). Ginger
has staring potential for treating a number of ailments including degenerative disorders
(arthritis and rheumatism), digestive health (indigestion, constipation and ulcer), cardiovascular
disorders (atherosclerosis and hypertension), vomiting, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. It also
has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties for controlling the process of aging.
Furthermore, it has antimicrobial potential as well which can help in treating infectious diseases
( Shukla Y et al., 2020). Generation of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) during
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

metabolism beyond the antioxidant capacity of a biological system results in oxidative stress
(Zheng W., Wang SY., 2019), which plays an essential role in heart diseases,
neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and in the aging process (Astley SB et al., 2016). The
bioactive molecules of ginger like gingerols have shown antioxidant activity in various modules
(Dugasani S et al., 2018). Ginger is a flowering plant of the Zingiberaceae family. Drinking
ginger tea may have health benefits. Drinking ginger tea may be beneficial. People can make
ginger tea using fresh or dried ginger. According to a 2015 review, recent research suggests
that ginger helps relieve nausea and vomiting that results from pregnancy, chemotherapy, and
motion sickness. However, another study suggests that ginger may have adverse effects during
pregnancy. These effects may include allergic reactions and anticoagulant, or blood-thinning,
effects. Pregnant people and those undergoing chemotherapy should discuss using ginger to
help control nausea with a healthcare professional. Ginger may also have beneficial effects for
the digestive system. For example, one 2019 review suggests that ginger may help decrease
the pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter,reduce bloating and cramping &
prevent flatulence and indigestion. According to an older 2011 laboratory study, ginger was
more effective against the bacteria that causes streptococcal pharyngitis, or strep throat, than
some antibiotics.

The scientists behind a 2013 laboratory study further support the antiviral properties of ginger.
They found that fresh, but not dried, ginger was effective against the human respiratory
syncytial virus. Ginger’s anti-inflammatory properties could also be beneficial for osteoarthritis
and rheumatoid arthritis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) note that ginger is a
substance that is “generally recognized as safe.”.However, the National Center for
Complementary and Integrative Health suggest that people with gallstone disease should use
caution when consuming ginger. This is because it “may increase the flow of bile.”. People
taking blood-thinning medication such as warfarin should consult a doctor before using it.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Likewise, pregnant people should always consult a healthcare professional before consuming
ginger (Richards L., 2020)

Theoretical Framework

The philosophical grounding of this study will be on social constructionism. In the study

of Crotty et al. (2020), truth comes into existence in and out of our engagement with the

realities in our world. Meaning is not discovered, but constructed. In this understanding of

knowledge, it is clear that different people may construct meaning in different ways, even in

relation to the same phenomenon. In this view of things, subject and object emerge as partners

in the generation of meaning.

In light of the chosen epistemology, this study will be anchored by the Situated Learning

Theory (SLT), first presented by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger (1991), that explains the

process and development of learning when individuals have the opportunity to participate in a

community of practice. In such a community, new learners reach the level of the expert as they

have more opportunities to practice within the context of learning. In this light, learning is

unintentional; this unintentional nature of learning is called Legitimate Peripheral Participation

(LPP). In LPP, the learner moves from the periphery of the community to the center as he/she
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

gains expertise and engages and participates actively in the sociocultural practices of the

community.

Research Paradigm

The research paradigm that served as a model or basis in determining the methodology to be

used is shown below.

Independent Dependent

Ginger Tea Commercialized Tea

Figure 1. Research Paradigm Showing the Relationship of the Antecedent, Independent, and

the Dependent Variable.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Statement of the Problem

This study endeavors to explore the connection between mathematics education and

culture, particularly, in the context of integrating mathematical concepts with fishing.

Specifically, this study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. What are the ethnomathematical knowledge, skills and practices of fisherfolks?

2. How can these ethnomathematical knowledge, skills and practices be integrated to

Junior High School curriculum?

Definition of Terms

Ginger. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. It originated in

South-East Asia and then used in many countries as a spice and condiment to add flavor to

food.Besides this, the rhizome of ginger has also been used in traditional herbal medicine. The

health-promoting perspective of ginger is attributed to its rich phytochemistry. Jolad et al. grouped
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

fresh ginger into two wide range categories, i.e. volatiles and non-volatiles. Volatiles include

sesquiterpene and monoterpenoid hydrocarbons providing the distinct aroma and taste of ginger.

On the contrary, non-volatile pungent compounds include gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and

zingerone ( Park Ej et al., 2013)

Significance of the Study

This study titled The Effectiveness of ginger tea to leg cramps aims to decipher leg

cramps using Ginger Tea as medication.

Teachers. The outcome of the study will help Teachers solve the agony of leg cramps

by drinking Ginger Tea. Teachers that have free time will tend to sit down adequately and do

their paper works. During that, Teachers tend to get leg cramps for sitting for too long. Thats

why this study will help Teacher when the study is finalized and validated.

Office Worker. This outcome of the study will help Office Workers the stinging pain of

Leg cramps. Office Workers Work for 8 Straight hours sitting down and filing documents. Their

leg tends to get leg cramps if you sit for too long because a muscle in the leg tightens and

causes a sudden pain that can make it hard to move. This is one of the reasons why this study

will help Office Workers when the study is finalized and Proven.

Pregnant Women. Leg cramps are very common during Pregnancy, That’s why we

need to conduct this study to help Women who are Pregnant reduce pain. Drinking Ginger Tea

Works Effectively on Pregnant women since they tend to get ill during pregnancy. Ginger Tea
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

can reduce Vomitting, Nausea and Morning Sickness. This study tends to help Pregnant Women

Reduce Illness during their Pregnancy.

CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

This Chapter Two discusses literature, theories, and other research relevant to the

study. This chapter consists of five parts of related studies and literatures to this research: (1)

Making Connections Between Mathematics and Culture, (2) Mathematics in Everyday Life, (3)

Situated Learning in Mathematics, (4), Integrated and Contextualized Approach to Teaching and

Learning Mathematics, (5) Fishing Practices and Methods, and (6) Summary.

Making Connections Between Mathematics and Culture

Culture is in some sense a magic word — positive in connotations but hard to pinpoint in

any science that attempts to use it as its core term (Valsiner, 2009). Schein & Schein (2016)

defined culture as a pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group as it solved its

problems of external adaptation and internal integration, which has worked well enough to be

considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive,

think, and feel in relation to those problems.

Mathematics in Everyday Life

Mathematics is applied everywhere. It is intimately connected to everyday life. It

prevents chaos to make our life hassle free. If a learner lacks knowledge of mathematics then

he or she won’t know how it can be used in his or her life. Wannamaker (2018) cited in his

study that learning mathematics will help an individual’s mind come up with useful ways that

math can be used. People often don’t know what they don’t know and until they fully grasp a

new concept, they won’t realize what power it has.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Summary

In teaching, there is a must to maintain the order of assumptions, properties, and

applications. This order must be maintained in assignments to get the desired aim of teaching

mathematics (Yadav, 2017). Ethnomathematics is a mathematical education that integrates

cultural values in mathematics learning that needs to initiate a real integration of cultural values

(Sudihartinhi, 2020). A challenge for most teachers exists in how to incorporate students’ out-

of-school mathematical experiences with classroom instructional activities (Anderson-Pence,

2015). This task becomes even more challenging when the classroom teacher’s cultural

background differs significantly from that of the students. Using familiar objects and contexts to

teach mathematics can facilitate learning (D’Entremont, 2014). For this reason alone, it is

important to link the cultural reality of the students to the learning of mathematics. Recognizing

the knowledge already possessed by the students received at home gives mathematics a

relevant significance.

CHAPTER 3

Research Design and Methodology

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

This chapter includes four parts: (1) Research Methods, (2) Research Design, (3) Study

Locale, (4) Procedures, (5) Respondents, (6) Sampling Technique, (7) The Research

Instrument, (8) Data Collection Procedure, and (9) Data Analysis.

Research Methods

Research Design

Study Locale

Procedures

Respondents

Sampling Technique

The Research Instrument

Data Collection Procedure

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Antique
District of Barbaza

BARBAZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Jinalinan, Barbaza, Antique

Data Analysis

References

Abad, M. (2021). LIST: Sustainable, harmful fishing practices in the Philippines. Retrieved from

https://www.rappler.com/environment/list-sustainable-harmful-fishing-practices-

philippines/

Abdullah, A. S. (2017). Ethnomathematics in perspective of sundanese culture. Journal on

Mathematics Education, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.8.1.3877.1-15

Agustini, N. K. A., Leton, S. I., & Fernandez, A. J. (2019). Studi Etnomatematika Pada Budaya

Masyarakat Larantuka. Asimtot : Jurnal Kependidikan Matematika, 1(1).

https://doi.org/10.30822/asimtot.v1i1.95

Alangui, W. (2010). Stone walls and water flows: Interrogating Cultural Practice and

Mathematics Savoirs locaux et autochtones View project. Dissertasion, January 2010.