Criteria Natural Method
Example 1. Fertility-awareness Method
2. Withdrawal Method
Description 1. Fertility awareness-based (FAB)
methods of family planning involve
identifying the fertile days of the
menstrual cycle, whether by
observing fertility signs such as
cervical secretions and basal body
temperature or by monitoring cycle
days
(https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/
mmwr/mec/appendixf.html)
2. The withdrawal method is a form of
birth control in which a man takes
their penis out of a
woman's vagina before they
ejaculate so fewer sperm get inside.
It’s also known as coitus interruptus.
(https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/pull-out-
withdrawal)
Advantage 1. You don’t need any birth control
supplies except a basal
thermometer and a way to keep
track of your information (e.g.,
monthly charts, calendar). FAB
methods may work well if you have
certain personal, religious, or
Hormonal Method
1. Birth control Pills
2. Hormonal Patches
1. The birth control pill is a type of
contraception that contains
hormones that prevent
pregnancy. People call it “the pill”
because it comes in pill form.
(https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/
3977-birth-control-the-pill)
2. The contraceptive patch is a small
sticky patch that releases
hormones into your body
through your skin to prevent
pregnancy.
(https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/
contraception/contraceptive-patch/)
2. Sterilization is a permanent
1. Birth Control Pills
 Regulate or lighten menstruation.
 Prevent anemia by making periods
lighter or shorter.
 Lessen menstrual cramps
(dysmenorrhea).
Non-Hormonal Method
1. Barrier Method
2. Sterilization
1. Also known as “Condoms”,
they physically block or
otherwise prevent sperm
from entering the uterus
and reaching the egg for
fertilization. The diaphragm,
cervical cap, and sponge are
used along with spermicide
(a chemical substance that
destroys sperm) to prevent
pregnancy.
(https://www.uptodate.com/contents/
barrier-and-pericoital-methods-of-birth-
control-beyond-the-basics)
method of contraception,
and is the most commonly
used form of family
planning among couples
both in the United States
and worldwide.
(https://www.kff.org/womens-health-
policy/fact-sheet/sterilization-as-a-
family-planning-method/)
1. Barrier Method (Condom)
 Condoms protect against
pregnancy. They also are the
only method that may
protect against STIs such as
HIV/AIDS and herpes.
 Barrier methods are safe to
 cultural beliefs about birth control  Manage premenstrual syndrome use while breastfeeding.
and there are no added hormones (PMS) and premenstrual dysmorphic  Barrier methods do not use
disorder (PMDD). hormones. So they are safe
(https://myhealth.alberta.ca/sexual-reproductive-  Treat polycystic ovary syndrome for women who smoke or
health/birth-control/natural-methods/fertility- (PCOS).
awareness-based) who have health problems
 Treat endometriosis or uterine such as heart disease or
fibroids.
2. They don’t want to use other types blood clots.
 Lower the risk of ovarian (https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/
of birth control for religious or cancer, uterine cancer and colon aftercareinformation/pages/
philosophical reasons. They need cancer. conditions.aspx?hwid=uf9648)
some kind of birth control right  Improve acne.
2. Sterilization
away, and it’s too late to use other  Stop unwanted hair growth.
 Reduce migraines.  Blocking the fallopian
methods. It's free and convenient.
 Control hot flashes during the tubes and removal of
You don’t need to see a doctor or get
transition into menopause. the tubes should be
a prescription.
effective
(https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/pull- (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/ immediately.
out-withdrawal) 3977-birth-control-the-pill)  It will not affect the
sex drive or interfere
2. Hormonal Patches with sex
 It will not affect your
 it's very easy to use and doesn't interrupt
hormone levels
sex
 unlike the combined oral contraceptive
(https://www.nhs.uk/
pill, you don't have to think about it every
conditions/contraception/
day – you only have to remember to female-sterilisation/)
change it once a week
 the hormones from the patch aren't
absorbed by the stomach, so it still works
if you're sick (vomit) or have diarrhoea
 it can make your periods more regular,
lighter and less painful
 it can help with premenstrual symptoms
 it may reduce the risk of ovarian, womb
and bowel cancer

(https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/
contraception/contraceptive-patch/)
Disadvantage 1. You have to keep track every day so 1. Breast tenderness or swelling, 1. Barrier Method (Condom)
you know exactly where you’re at in headaches, nausea, bloating,  It doesn’t prevent
your cycle. To use these FAB increase in blood pressure, pregnancy as well as
methods you need to have good bleeding while taking the active IUDs or hormonal
communication with your partner. pills. forms of birth control
You’ll need to talk about being  It prevents
abstinent or using a barrier method (https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ pregnancy only if use
combination-birth-control-pills/about/pac-
of birth control (e.g., condom) during 20385282) them every sex.
fertile times.  Partners may have to
(https://myhealth.alberta.ca/sexual-
2. It may be visible, it can cause skin interrupt sex to use
reproductive-health/birth-control/natural-
methods/fertility-awareness-based) irritation, itching and soreness, it some barrier method
doesn’t protect you against STIs, so of birth control
2. It takes a lot of control for the man you may need to use condoms as (https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/
to pull out before ejaculation. The well, some women get mild aftercareinformation/pages/
women has no control over it at all. temporary side effects when they conditions.aspx?hwid=uf9648)
You may feel that it gets in the way first start using the patch, such as
of sexual pleasure. Even they pee 2. Sterilization Method
headaches, sickness (nausea),
before sex, the man can still release  It doesn’t protect
breast tenderness and mood
fluid before they ejaculate. This pre- against STIs, so
changes – this usually settles down partners may be
ejaculation does contain sperm.
after a few months needing to use
(https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/pull- condoms.
out-withdrawal) (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/
contraception/contraceptive-patch/)  It cannot be easily
reversed and reversal
operations are rarely
funded by the NHS.
 It can fail – Fallopian
tubes can rejoin and
make you fertile
again, although it is
rare.
  There is a very small
risk of complication,
including internal
bleeding, infection or
damage to other
organs.
(https://www.nhs.uk/
conditions/contraception/
female-sterilisation/)

Efficacy % 1. 99% effective 1. 99% effective when taken correctly 1. The barrier method
(https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/natu (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ (condom0 is 18-28% effective
ral-family-planning/) contraception/combined-contraceptive-pill/) (https://www.acog.org/womens-
2. 78% effective 2. 99% effective when used correctly health/faqs/barrier-methods-of-birth-
(https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/pull- (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ control-spermicide-condom-sponge-
out-withdrawal) contraception/contraceptive-patch/) diaphragm-and-cervical-cap)
2. The Sterilization method is
more than 99% effective at
preventing pregnancy.
(https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/
contraception/female-sterilisation/)