Construction Focus Bulletins 109 To 116

“
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926SubpartMAppE
FALL PROTECTION
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(12 Jan. ’22)
Here are basic OSHA training requirements for fall

Effective training programs include viable site protection in the construction industry (Re: 29 CFR 1926
procedures, competent trainers, well equipped training Subpart M): Note: International standards are very similar.
facilities with training aids, written and practical
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY FOCUS #109
competency exams, documentation, engaged workers  The employer shall provide a training program for each
and proactive management in maintaining a working employee who might be exposed to fall hazards. The program
work site safety culture. shall enable each employee to recognize the hazards of falling
and shall train each employee in the procedures to be followed
in order to minimize these hazards.
 The employer shall ensure that each employee has been
trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the
following areas:
 The nature of fall hazards in the work area.
 The correct procedures for erecting, maintaining,
Ok disassembling, and inspecting the fall protection systems to
be used.
 The use and operation of guardrail systems, personal fall
Well managed training programs communicate to workers that arrest systems, safety net systems, warning line systems,
management considers training an important element of a safety monitoring systems, controlled access zones, and
viable site safety program. other protection to be used.
 The role of each employee in the safety monitoring system
Below are a few examples of unsafe conditions when this system is used.
and practices that give evidence of questionable  The limitations on the use of mechanical equipment during
fall protection training. the performance of roofing work on low-sloped roofs.
 The correct procedures for the handling and storage of
Do these conditions look familiar? equipment and materials and the erection of overhead
protection.
 The role of employees in fall protections plans.
 The employer shall prepare a written certification record to
verify compliance. The record shall contain the name of
employee trained, date(s) of completion and signature of the
instructor. Note: Any training received by another employer shall
indicate the date the current employer determined the prior training
was adequate.
 Retraining will be needed if the employer has reason to
believe that the employee lacks the understanding and skill.
Retraining is required in situations such as changes of
workplace that render previous training obsolete or changes
in the types of fall protection systems or equipment to be
used or inadequacies in the employees knowledge of use of
fall protection systems or equipment.
No TEACH – DON’T PREACH
Fall Protection
Code
FREE
DOWNLOAD
AT ANSI.ORG
STOP
THESE
CONSTR HAZARDS
UCTION NOW.
SAFETY REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:
https://www.osha.gov/laws-
Ok regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926.503
FO Evidence of FALL PROTECTON
https://www.wbdg.org/FFC/DOL/OSHA/OSHA3146.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/complianceandsafety/fall-protection-
orientation-refresher-fn000304-1
training must John Doe
https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3666.pdf
always be
# 12345
CU the employer.
RIGGER
Company
https://webstore.ansi.org/Search/Find?in=1&st=Fall+Protection+code
maintained by https://www.fluke.com/en-us/learn/best-practices/test-tools-basics/digital-multimeters/how-to-
ABC https://www.osha.gov/fall-protection/construction
https://www.osha.gov/publications/bytopic/fall-prevention-protection
SCAN CODE TO ACCESS
EMPLOYEES TRAINING RECORD
verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a- https://www.osha.gov/laws-
S# ALWAYS RECORD TRAINING

regs/interlinking/standards/1926%20Subpart%20M/federal_register
regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926SubpartMAppE
3 Prepared by Thomas Van Hooser (CSP, CPEA, OHST, CHST), www.safeworkinspection.com. This bulletin was prepared for nonprofit, educational purposes only. Not responsible for
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedure(s) that clearly address fall prevention and training. Management designates Competent
Person(s) to provide viable training to site personnel and to provide site training needs audits to confirm training effectiveness. Safety personnel monitor training and field activity to
ensure policies are followed and to report problems to management for corrective actions and to follow-up on corrective actions.
“
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR

HORIZONTAL LIFE-LINES
(23 Jan. ’22)
Here are U.S.A. OSHA requirements for

Example of basic and typical horizontal life-line temporary horizontal life-lines on construction
design and arrangements on construction sites. sites per 29 CFR 1926.502 (b)-(e).
 Employers are required to prepare and properly manage

a SITE FALL PROTECTION PLAN where all fall
N
Rated
attachment
“O” ring
Rated Rated hazards are identified, the means to prevent falls,
Ok Wire tensioning sling protocols for designs, competent person(s)
rope eye device with
with closed or identification, training, system assembly, maintenance,
thimble moused hooks inspection and documentation, disassembly, proper use,
rescue and responsibilities.
 Life Lines are considered a Personal Fall Arrest System
(PFAS) and must be designed, installed and used under
Rated the supervision of a Qualified Person. All PFAS
wire Flimished Energy Rated requirements of the local authority having jurisdiction
rope per eye splice absorbing
design with
shackle or shall be complied with. Fall arrest PPE shall comply with
device (if connector
by CP swaged required (bolt manufactures’ safe use instructions.
fitting or per design) moused
Trained worker
wire rope
closed)  Life lines shall be designed by the designated Qualified
clips
with approved Person with an overall safety factor of at least 2.
harness & shock
absorber.
NOTE: Qualified Persons must be thoroughly knowledgeable
2 lanyards All anchor points are capable of supporting of fall arrest forces, fall clearance criteria, line sag, rigging
for 100% a minimum of 5,000lbs (each person) or hardware and PPE limitations, etc
tie-off. Self higher per CPs evaluation. Slings are
locking protected from sharp edges where  Life line anchorage locations shall
snap hooks. applicable. be approved by the designated
Source: Tractel Ltd. Qualified and Competent
Person(s) and capable of
Competent Persons are responsible to prior design life-line installations and to supporting at least 5,000 lbs
confirm hardware compatibility based of fall arrest calculations. CP’s approve (22.2kN) per employee and limit
all anchor points. CP also perform regular inspections to verify overall safe the maximum arrest force on any
conditions.
employee to 1,800 lbs (8kN) for a
Ok full body harness..
 The lifeline is rigged such that an
employee can neither free fall
more than 6 feet (1.8m) nor
contact any lower level.
Ok Engineered
Life-lines.
 The lifeline must bring an
employee to a complete stop and
Pre-fabricated & engineered limit max deceleration distance an
life line system.
employee travels to 3.5 feet UK HSE
(1.07m). EXECUTIVE
https://www.hse.gov.u
 The lifeline shall have sufficient k/research/rrpdf/rr26
6.pdf
strength to withstand twice the
potential impact energy of an
Ok employee free falling a distance
Ok of 6 feet (1.8m) or the free fall
Ok distance permitted by the
No No
designed system, whichever is
less.
X X  Other specific requirements that ISO 16024
are included in the Site Specific FREE
DOWNLOAD
Fall Protection Plan, the local https://www.iso.org/sta
AT ANSI.ORG
No!
ndard/29348.html
authority and equipment
manufacturer specifications.
CONSTR X
UCTION REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:
SAFETY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ISfka_Fs7g
https://www.slideserve.com/gefen/horizontal-lifelines-
presented-by-hettrick-cyr-associates-inc
FO Life-line
design by
Qualified
Person
XYZ
TRAINING
Mr.John Doe
Fall Protection
https://f.hubspotusercontent40.net/hubfs/7669649/dfp-osha-
updated-powerpoint.pdf
Qualified Person
regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926SubpartMAppE
https://www.fluke.com/en-us/learn/best-practices/test-tools-basics/digital-multimeters/how-to-
CU verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a- Competent Person
Source: Hills
Ms. Sue Smith
Fall Protection
https://manualzz.com/doc/10939998/technical-sheet-
fallprotec-temporary-horizontal-wire-rope...
https://www.artba.org/wp-
content/uploads/2019/05/ARTBA_Fall_Fact_Sheet_Horizontal
S# Life-lines require design, installation & inspection by management

designated QUALIFIED and COMPETENT persons.
_Lifelines.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZTw-gywQhs
https://www.osha.gov/fall-protection/construction
OSHA DEFINITIONS: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926.32
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedure(s) that clearly fall prevention and protection. Procedures must address life-line system
designs, installations, inspections and training programs. Management designates Fall Protect Competent Person(s) to provide oversight of policies and site procedures. Safety personnel
monitor activity to ensure policies are followed and to report conditions to management and follow-up on recommendations.
“
TOTAL FALL CLEARANCE

REQUIRED FOR PFASs
(15 Feb.’22)
Source: PKSafety.com Here are technical and legal definitions that clearly
define this subject in the Construction Industry
It is very common to observe Proper “tie-off” is (Re: 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M 502):
often not enough.
obstructions below workers Safe clearances  PFAS: Personal fall arrest system.
wearing a personal fall arrest below the worker

harness at unguarded elevated must also be  FREE FALL DISTANCE: The required distance the
areas.
considered in worker falls before the PFAS begins to slow the fall. The
a viable fall
protection required distance must be 6 feet (1.8 m) or less and must
Proper “TIE Off” is always very program. prevent the worker from contacting a lower level.
positive. Hazards, however, may
also exist after the 6 foot (1.8m)  TOTAL FALL CLEARANCE DISTANCE FOR PFAS:
free-fall when the arrest system This is the minimum vertical distance between the worker
is activated. Persons falling onto and the lower level that is necessary to ensure the
lower obstruction(s) can be worker does not contact a lower lever during a fall. The
seriously injured or killed in the total fall clearance is calculated by the Work
same way as falls to the ground. Leader/Competent Person(s) before a decision is made to
Achieving safe fall clearances can use a PFAS.
be very challenging especially in Note: If the distance is not greater than the total fall
the heavy construction industry. clearance distance, it is inappropriate to use the PFAS.
This is mainly due to frequent A fall restraint system, guarded platform(s), nets,
There must
changing conditions coupled with be no
cable-climbers, man-lifts, man-baskets, engineered life-line
obstructions systems, etc., will need to be used to achieve compliance.
inadequate control of in the
simultaneous operations and lack fall zone.  TOTAL FALL CLEARANCE DISTANCE
of situational awareness. In fact CALCULATIONS INCLUDE (see sketch below):
construction personnel seldom
give this subject any thought or
disregard precautions due to Example: Worker is 6’ tall (1.8m)
schedule demands or they are No wearing a 6’ shock absorbing
simply unaware of precautions. lanyard. Calculations from anchor
Here are several solutions to connection point to surface:
reduce fall distances: A. 6’ lanyard (1.8m long)
 Consult with PFAS manufacturer(s) B. 3.5’ open shock absorber
in providing engineering solutions to (1.1m)
unique construction conditions.
 Enforce use of higher anchor points
C. 1’ harness shift (.3m)
and engineered life-line systems. X D. 6’ worker (1.8m)
 Provide and use fall limiters. E. 2’ (average) safety factor
Persons
Provide and use falling
self retracting onto from nearest obstruction (.6m)
obstruction(s)
lifelines. can be seriously
Install or
injured approved
killednets.
in the same way F. Total free clearance
 Provide temporary platforms as the required beneath the
asprimary
falls tomeans
the ground .
of protection. anchor is:
 Implement fall restraint system(s).
 Use man-lifts/man-baskets. A+B+C+D+E = 18.5 feet
(5.6m)
 Other engineering solutions.
Management actions:
Implement a viable and sustainable
site safety culture. Implementation of The Designated Competent
viable fall prevention and protection Person (CP) must properly
program with clear duties and
responsibilities explained. Designate ≂ 18.5 feet (5.6m) or per address free fall and fall
clearances when developing the
harness manufacturer specs.
competent persons for oversight, Site Fall Protection Program.
training and supervision. Support User Instructions from the PFAS
safety personnel. Frequent auditing of manufacturer shall be
policies. Progressive counseling policy No considered and applied
established. Provide necessary fall Any surface or
in all cases.
protection equipment with gear obstruction
inspection and maintenance. Allow time Source: ASSP Professional Safety Mag. Sept. 2007
FREE
for training and compliance. DOWNLOAD
AT ANSI.ORG
Sample pocket fall clearance calculator

Are these basic precautions being
CONSTR available on the market. practiced on your work site?
PLAN How do you know?
UCTION THE A Focused Inspection might surprise you!
SAFETY WORK…
REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:
FO WORK
https://www.osha.gov/otm/section-5-construction-
operations/chapter-4#vertical
THE
https://www.osha.gov/fall-protection/construction
PLAN.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3gASGraKNA8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_V-jw5xZ4SI
CU verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9rsXm0Hw7M
Ok
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f20Oowu_U_Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nymPPcX8Js
https://sps.honeywell.com/us/en/support/blog/safety/how-to-
correctly-calculate-your-fall-clearance
S# https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYpr38y3Uog
https://www.techstreet.com/standards/bs-pas-59-
2014?product_id=1871355
Indicator is available at albertabcsafety.com
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedure(s) that clearly fall prevention and protection. Procedures must address free fall and total fall
clearance criteria and options to reduce fall clearances. Work Leaders are responsible to enforce policies and procedures. Competent Person(s) provide oversight of the total fall
protection plan and policies. Safety personnel monitor activity to ensure policies are followed and to report conditions to management and follow-up on recommendations.
“
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926SubpartMAppE
HIDDEN CONNECTOR CONDITIONS

UNDER PFAS WEBBING
(27 Feb.’22)
Connecting components for Personal Fall

During a random Focused Inspection of fall arrest PPE, auditors Arrest Systems (PFAS) shall be inspected
found clear evidence of no or poor inspection/maintenance of
by the user before each use in accordance
harness connecting components. Numerous concerns were noted
with corroded D-Rings and other connectors. with manufacturer instructions, site
procedures, statutory requirements as
NOTE: Defective gear was subsequently removed from service and
destroyed. Confiscated items were given to the site Training well as good common sense. (Re: OSHA,
ANSI/ASSP Z359.2 and the reference section below).
Department as training aids.
Are pre-use PPE inspections being made
on your work site? How do you know?
These photographs show hidden
No No harness D-Ring and other hardware
conditions often overlooked during
?
inspections by users, supervisors
and safety officers. (Note: photos by
the Site Focused Inspection Team).
In fact PFAS users and

supervisors told inspectors they
had never thought about checking
connector conditions under the
Auditors found multiple base metal corrosion on the D-Rings webbing and that they had never
that were positioned under the harness webbing. What is hidden under
the webbing that is woven been told or trained to do so.
around the harness D-Ring?
No Investigation revealed that the buildup of corrosion on most of

No the steel connectors was due to high humidity conditions where
perspiration soaked webbing settled onto connectors. Over a
period of time coupled with the absence of
inspection/cleaning/proper storage, caused the connectors’
protective coating to deteriorate. Such conditions resulted in
numerous removals of PFAS from service and destroyed. Site
inspection, cleaning and storage protocols and training were
WHAT subsequently upgraded.
COMPLETE
BREAKDOWN INSPECTION?
OF INSPECION
WHAT DID YOUR LATEST INSPECTION REVEAL?
PRACTICES. The value of unannounced, random focused inspections
cannot be overemphasized!
Multiple defects. All deficiencies were cause for rejection and

removal from service and destroyed (base metal corrosion, zinc D-RING INFORMATION and
coating deterioration, UV damage to webbing, webbing damage, INSPECTION CRITERIA:
lack of training, poor inspection/maintenance/storage protocols.  Meets recognized international standards of
safety/testing and physically marked.
REMEMBER  Drop forged, pressed or formed steel or equalvent
THE 3 I’s standards. One piece – no splits.
No OF SAFETY:  Minimum tensile load of 5,000 lbs (22.2Kn).
 Corrosion resistant finish, smooth edges, no
No 1) INSPECT
2) INSPECT distortion, cracks, breaks or rough edges. Pivots
3) INSPECT freely.
 Manufactures name and traceability markings.
Damaged D-Ring pad and

worn webbing. Clear evidence PFAS PPE manufacturers are required, by
NEVER of no pre-use inspection by their certifying agency, to publish a
INSPECTED users, no spot checks by
USERS MANUAL describing requisite user
supervisors and safety officers.
UNACCEPTABLE. training, proper use, inspection, cleaning,
CONSTR care and storage. The contents of the
manual must be considered mandatory and
UCTION All parts of the PFAS must be inspected by the user before each use must supplement Site Fall Prevention and
to identify defects. The inspection must include a thorough check Protection Policies. The manual is also
SAFETY of D-Rings, pads, grommets, buckles and tongues, adjusters, etc. used in support of site training programs,
Never use defective equipment! incident investigations, etc.
FO No
No REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AinZ97pi74g
safety-harness
https://www.rigidlifelines.com/blog/proper-cleaning-of-your-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNKS08uBe5M
https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/2018-12/fy15_sh-
S# 27664-sh5_Lifeline_Harness_Inspection_Guide.pdf
https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/2018-12/fy15_sh-
27683-sh5_Fall_Prevention_Student_Workbook_English.pdf
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedure(s) that clearly address fall prevention, training, inspection, care, cleaning and maintenance.
Management designates Competent Person(s) to provide viable oversight of Fall Protection and Prevention policies. Safety personnel monitor training and field activity to ensure
policies are followed and to report on overall conditions to management for corrective actions and to monitor corrective actions.
“
FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS

IN CONSTRUCTION
(20 March ’22)
Food grade lubricants are special products used in

applications where contact with food or beverage
LUBRICANT CLASSIFICATIONS PER related items could potentially take place. These
NSF, FDA & USDA (see references): products are designed to perform all the duties of
a regular lubricant while also meeting certain

H1: Used where contact with food could take place.
Note: Potable Water is always classified as FOOD.
guidelines for food safety such as preventing the
growth of fungi, bacteria and other pathogens.
H2: Used in applications where there is no possibility of
making contact with food. Here is a summary of construction operations that
H3: Used where there is direct contact with food. would necessitate precautions to prevent the
Equipment used in the
contamination of food. Note: Potable Water is always
classified as food:
Ok delivery and receiving
of potable water must  POTABLE WATER PUMPS: Pump mounted vehicles used
be approved for such
purposes
to deliver potable water to work site dispensing stations
(i.e. tanks, hose, or containers.
plumbing, pumps, valves, Note: Common water pumps do not meet potable water
Hose marking showing food grade service filters, etc.). Always standards and the lubrication system is not designed to
check equipment labels, prevent the possibility of lubricant migration into the water
markings, and stream. Always check manufacture certification data.
manufacturer data to
verify the certification  CLEANING AND REFILLING of potable water
agency listing. tanks/containers, cleaning of hose and the like.
Ok  LABOR CAMP FOOD SERVICES: Food
Preparation machinery.
 VENDOR SUPPLIED POTABLE WATER: Verify if
vendor is in compliance and has supporting
documentation (Gov. Licenses) for potable water
services and water handlers.
 OTHER ACTIVITY OR CONDITIONS identified in
site risk assessments, project polices and the local
authority having jurisdiction.
Site Health and Hygiene Competent Persons (CPs)
must ensure potable water and system component
Ok requirements are adequately addressed in their
respective Site Health Policies and Procedures.
Note: Where potable water
is used and required for
pre-commissioning or Do your policies and procedures address
maintenance of certain plant
equipment, it is important to
this subject and are regulator
verify if the delivery system audits performed to verify compliance?
is isolated from any potential
contamination into the water NSF/ANSI 61 is the only
stream.
National Sanitation ANSI Standard in the U.S.
Foundation addressing the human health
See Construction Safety Focus effects of drinking water
Bulletin # 47 for a summary of system components. Many
potable water delivery vehicle international public health
requirements. organizations have also adopted
www.safeworkinspection.com this standard for their
Standard
61 respective country or
jurisdictions. (Available from the
Water pump is not approved American National Standards
for potable water service. Institute).
https://webstore.ansi.org/Search/Find?in
=1&st=NSF%2FANSI+61-2001
CONSTR
UCTION REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:
SAFETY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5NBifMVSDE
No https://d2evkimvhatqav.cloudfront.net/documents/overview_nsf_ansi_61.pd
f?mtime=20200716160323&focal=none
).
FO Pumps approved for potable water service

will be placarded by the manufacturer
https://d2evkimvhatqav.cloudfront.net/documents/wd_nsf_372_technical_r
eq.pdf
Ok showing compliance listing. https://www.nsf.org/knowledge-library/what-is-nsf-certification
https://blog.ansi.org/nsf-ansi-61-2021-drinking-water-system-
CU verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a- components/
https://www.nationalpumpcompany.com/blog/looking-nsf-certified-pumps
https://www.nationalpumpcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/NSF-
61-Guide-10.19.pdf
S# https://www.forsyth.cc/PublicHealth/EnvironmentalHealth/assets/document
s/FS%20Handout%207.pdf
https://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/1857/food-grade-
lubricants-basics
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedures that clearly address precautions related to health and sanitary requirements for potable
water operations to include contamination control, legal requirements, training, appointment of competent persons, auditing, etc. Supervisors enforce all requirements. Field safety
personnel assist supervisors by conducting random spot inspections and audits of work areas and to report on concerns and to follow-up on corrective actions, where applicable.
“
IDENTIFICATION OF APPROVED
INSULATED HAND TOOLS
(4 April ’22)
ASTM F1505 (2021) and IEC 60900

specifications covers the required marking of
SOURCE:
Kline tools.com
Users of insulated tools need to pay special insulated and insulating hand tools that are
attention to important tool markings during

their required pre-use-inspection. Markings are used for working on, or in close proximity to
required by certifying agencies (ASME F1505 energized electrical apparatus or conductors
and IEC 60900). Never use tools that are operating at maximum voltage of 1000V ac or
absent of required markings and/or damaged.
1500Vdc. The required minimum markings are
Manufactures are also required, by
certification agencies, to provide written user
exhibited in the diagram at left.
instructions and safety warnings (see sample
below). In addition to required markings, these
standards also address minimum design,
inspection, and testing and performance
standards.
The most important precaution relating to
this subject is the inspection of the tool
before each use by the user with defects
immediately reported to supervision for
corrective action. Supervisors and Safety
Advisors have a duty to spot check conditions
during their tours of work activities to verify
safe working conditions and practices.
NOW YOU KNOW!
REQUIRED MARKINGS When was your last live-line tool audit?
SOURCE: Kleintools.com

https://www.kleintools.com/content/standards-insulated-
This symbol signifies the tool is tools
rated for 1000 volts and has https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/osha
Ok completed the required testing
per ASTM F1505.
3 0 8 0 . pdf
https://www.protoolreviews.com/trades/electrical-
WARNING: Never use live-line trades/difference-between-insulated-tools-hand-
tools without the required tools/51692/
marking or if the tool is damaged https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-
Double standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=70E
insulation in any way. Ensure all live
electrical work is approved via a https://e-hazard.com/insulated-tools-in-the-restricted-
work permit, risk assessment approach-boundary/
and full time supervision. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5JVZgV3_bcc
TYPICAL MANUFACTURERs USER INSTRUCTIONS:

MANUFACTURES
READ AND HEED!
Documents
have same
basic ASME F-1505 (2021)
precautions https://www.techstreet.
CONSTR com/searches/34332346
UCTION
SAFETY
FO
S# IEC 60900
https://www.techstreet.
com/searches/34332390
3 Prepared by Thomas Van Hooser (CSP, CPEA, OHST, CHST), www.safeworkinspection.com. This bulletin was prepared for nonprofit, educational purposes only. Not responsible for wrong
application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedures that clearly address electrical safety, training, PPE, competency, tools, incident reporting,
inspections and maintenance. Designated Competent Persons and Supervisors enforce and audit all requirements. Field safety personnel must have basic knowledge of live-line safety
precautions/requirements and to assist supervisors by conducting spot inspections of work areas.
“
OXY-FUEL TAILPIECE
& HOSE CONNECTIONS
(2 April ’22)
TAILPIECE (CGA Standard) HOSE (GradeT)
Ferrule
Ok
Sizes must be compatible.
Ok Hose connectors need to meet hose manufactures’

specifications and requirements of the local authority.
Properly fitted hose assembly.

Ok
All components are compatible. The
SOURCE: CGA E-1
conditions shown in these photographs are clear

evidence that the repair/replacement of hose assemblies
are being made in the field by unqualified personnel
coupled with lack of inspection expertise by equipment
(2016)
Tailpieces are available in

users, supervisors and safety personnel. Other factors
Tailpiece (CGA Standard) include lack of hazID training, poor risk assessments, no
various sizes and shapes
(Diameter of tailpiece must be the same to accommodate hose equipment maintenance program(s), no Competent Person
diameter of the hose or vise versa). diameters.
oversight, poor equipment inventory of spare parts, lack
of safety surveillance, poor accountability system, no
EXAMPLES OF UNDERSIZED TAILPIECES audit system and overall lack of common sense.
ON OXY-FUEL HOSE (HAZARD):
SUMMARY OF COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION (CGA)
E-1 REQUIREMENTS ON HOSE CONNECTIONS:
No X  All component parts must be of compatible sizes. This includes
No hose, tailpieces and clamps (all components).
 The clamp or ferrule shall be of the type that is nonadjustable
and nonremoveable. Spiral screw type hose clamps are not
permitted (Re: Section 4.5).
No  Splice with proper fittings and ferrules or replace with new hose
(Re: Appendix A)
Wrong size tailpiece  Do not repair worn or cut hoses with tape or other temporary
and clamp. Poor
assembly. materials. Instead, splice with proper fittings and ferrules or
Hazard investigations revealed that replace with new hose. Screw-type clamps are not recommended
(Appendix A)
tailpieces, hose and clamp sizes did not
match. Leaks from poor connections or
damaged hose can result in serious HOSE MANUFACTURERS EXCERPT FROM HOSE
incidents (fire, explosion, and personal INSTRUCTIONS MUST WARNING LABEL:
injury). Conditions are also clear evidence BE FOLLOWED. To prevent serious injury
that the hose assembly was performed and death from explosion
and/or fire:
by unqualified person(s). No inspection
process in place.
Ok  Do not install different fitting
Note: Overall conditions were subsequently No on hose beyond its approved
design.
corrected throughout the work site. Lessons  Use only matching fittings.
learned were prepared and audits were performed Wrong size tailpiece and
clamp. Poor assembly.  Never modify approved design or
at other facilities. use incompatible components.
No inspection.
 Never use damaged equipment.
EXAMPLES OF POOR HOSE CLAMP  Inspect before each use.
 Use and maintain only by
APPLICATIONS: Warning labels qualified persons.
must be complied
with and made part
No No of the task JSA.
Industry standards that

COMPRESED GAS address oxyfuel hose
ASSOCIATION and connections:
Over a period of time,
worm drive clamps can
Wrong size Ear Clamp  OSHA 1926 (Subpart M)
damage hose. and no inspection  ANSI Z49.1
CGA E-1  CGA E-1
Here are other examples of poor hose connections that can be found on many AWS  ISO 3253
C-4.2
construction sites world-wide. Such conditions are clear examples of the E-1 

CGA SB-8
AWS C-4.2
absence of competent person expertise coupled with poor inspection
CONSTR practices by users, supervisors and safety personnel.  Hose manufacturer specs.
 Requirements of the local
UCTION Proper authority having jurisdiction.
sized
SAFETY ferrules

FO Ok
Ok
https://www.hse.gov.uk/welding/health-risks-welding.htm
https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/CGA/CGA2016-1640648
https://webstore.ansi.org/Search/Find?in=1&st=BS+5315
To prevent hose from damage, ferrules https://www.huyett.com/knowledgevault/product-faqs/hose-
CU Hose repair kits are available
are preferred over other
verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a-
types of clamps (Re: CGA E-1).
clamps
https://www.aws.org/standards/page/ansi-z491
https://ei1.com/2019/04/26/worm-gear-clamps-a-little-
for the Competent Person to
known-yet-serious-violation/
S# complete safe and proper

hose connections per hose
manufacturer specifications.
Various size connectors are
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67aV_cOJU8k
https://www.hse.gov.uk/
part of the kit. Worm drive hose clamps.
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedures that fully address oxyfuel operations and equipment inspections. Management ensures that
all persons who use oxyfuel are trained on safe and proper operations and pre-use inspections. Competent persons are assigned to provide oversight of the overall program. Field safety
personnel, who must have basic knowledgeable of requirements, assist supervisors by conducting spot inspections and audits of work areas.
“
GAS CYLINDERS
& ELECTRICAL CIRCIUTS
(11 April ’22)
Construction and General Industry Safety Regulations

EXAMPLES OF HAZARDOUS GAS CYLINDER require compressed gas cylinders be positioned clear
POSITIONING (DANGER): of electrical circuits (cords, cables, panels, welding
and cutting operations). Precautions are especially

important for gas cylinders containing hazardous and
No  Gas cylinders resting on
wet metal surface. flammable material. Serious incidents can be
 Cylinders could become expected should precautions not be followed.
part of an electrical
circuit via the metal
Incidents can lead to personnel injury, fatalities and
welding layout deck. property damage. The following industry standards
 Cylinders in close clearly address this important subject:
proximity to welding
machines and welding CGA P-1 (par. 5.4): Compressed
activity. COMPRESSED GAS gas containers shall not be placed
ASSOCIATION
where they might become part of an
electrical circuit. When used in
 These gas cylinders could conjunction with electric welding,
become part of an cylinders shall not be grounded or
No electrical circuit when CGA P-1
Safe Handling of used for grounding. These
machine is operating or Gases in Containers precautions prevent the container
with machine defects.
from being damaged by the welding
 Undetected leaks from
damaged cylinders or hose arc or from damaged cable.
could be ignited by the
operating machine. ANSI/AWS-Z49.1:2021(par.
 Cylinders exposed to heat 10.8.4.14): Cylinders shall not be
from machine operation. ANSI placed where they might become
 Machine trailers have Z49.1 part of an electrical circuit. Shall
been modified beyond be kept away from radiators, pipe
their designed systems, layout tables, etc, that
capacity. Free
may be used for grounding electric
Multiple  Cylinder gas regulators https://www.aws.or
unsafe g/standards/page/an circuits such as for arc welding
are not removed. No (FREE
si-z491
machines. Never strike an arc on
conditions. DOWNL
cylinder caps in use.
No hazID OAD
AT:
cylinders. Arc damaged cylinders
assessment. may leak or explode.
Poor
inspection
No
Electrode
practices. strikes on 29 CFR 1926 Sub.J (par. (b)(2):
cylinder. Cylinders shall be placed where
DANGER! they cannot become part of an
Always keep electrical circuit. Electrodes shall
No electrical cords No not be struck against a cylinder to
and cables clear strike an arc. Cylinders shall be
of compressed gas kept far enough away from the
cylinders. actual welding or cutting operation
Cord damage and so that sparks, hot slag or flame
short circuits can will not reach them.
lead to serious
incidents. No Manufacturer’s Welding Machine User
No
Instructions give the same precautions
as noted above. Always consider User
No Instructions as mandatory.
Compromised Work Leaders are required to conduct a

cylinder integrity Ok task briefing with their workers before
from welding the activity commences. In addition to a
electrode strikes. discussion of the work to be performed,
Potentially very dangerous! the Leader must discuss the hazards of
the activity and precautions to prevent
CONSTR CONSEQUENCES OF POOR WORK HAZ-ID incidents. A Q&A with workers is an
important part of the discussion along
UCTION INSPECTIONS TO IDENTIFY & CORRECT UNSAFE with frequent field monitoring of the
CONDITIONS & PRACTICES: activity to verify compliance.
SAFETY
 Near misses
No  Fires
FO  Explosions
 Property damage
 Injuries
https://www.hse.gov.uk/welding/health-risks-welding.htm
https://www.slideserve.com/shyla/compressed-gas-cylinder-
 Fatalities
training
CU  Other indirect
los s es & is su
verify-electrical-test-tool-operation-with-a-es .
REMEMBER THE
https://www.slideserve.com/mikko/hazardous-materials
https://www.aws.org/standards/page/ansi-z491
https://www.slideshare.net/industrialsafetyblog/compressd-
3 I’s OF SAFETY: gas
S# No
INSPECT
INSPECT
https://www.cganet.com/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4kb-8CjVYg
INSPECT
wrong application of information. Site management is responsible to provide site procedures that clearly address precautions for safe welding operations to include care and
precautions for compressed gas cylinders. Competent Persons (CPs) are assigned to provide oversight to training and overall welding operations. Supervisors enforce all requirements.
Field safety personnel must be knowledgeable of basis requirements and to assist supervisors in conducting spot inspections and audits of work areas.

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“

Here are basic OSHA training requirements for fall

No TEACH – DON’T PREACH

S# ALWAYS RECORD TRAINING

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR

Here are U.S.A. OSHA requirements for

 Employers are required to prepare and properly manage

S# Life-lines require design, installation & inspection by management

TOTAL FALL CLEARANCE

wearing a personal fall arrest below the worker

Sample pocket fall clearance calculator

HIDDEN CONNECTOR CONDITIONS

Connecting components for Personal Fall

In fact PFAS users and

No Investigation revealed that the buildup of corrosion on most of

Multiple defects. All deficiencies were cause for rejection and

Damaged D-Ring pad and

FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS

Food grade lubricants are special products used in

a regular lubricant while also meeting certain

FO Pumps approved for potable water service

ASTM F1505 (2021) and IEC 60900

attention to important tool markings during

REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:

TYPICAL MANUFACTURERs USER INSTRUCTIONS:

READ AND HEED!

TAILPIECE (CGA Standard) HOSE (GradeT)

Sizes must be compatible.

Ok Hose connectors need to meet hose manufactures’

Properly fitted hose assembly.

conditions shown in these photographs are clear

Tailpieces are available in

Industry standards that

REFERENCES ON THIS SUBJECT:

S# complete safe and proper

part of the kit. Worm drive hose clamps.

Construction and General Industry Safety Regulations

and cutting operations). Precautions are especially

Compromised Work Leaders are required to conduct a

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