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Considerations when managing research data

Introduction
The management of research data is an essential component of the research process and will help you to
be productive, compliant with international standards, and meet the expectations and requirements of the
university, research funders, ethics committees, publishers, and legal requirements. Considerations in
research are a set of guidelines for conducting research that you should follow. This essay outlines three
practical considerations in Research Data Management.

1. Data Sharing 
2. Compliance with policies
3. Data protection

Data Sharing

Various researchers in research groups produce data in a variety of formats. The challenge within the
research group is to collect data and manage it with integrity (Howard Hughes Medical Institute and
Burroughs Wellcome Fund 2006 cited in Joshi, & Krag 2010, p.745). In addition to collecting and managing
data, data sharing is another aspect of effective data management. Preliminary data should not be made
public until it has undergone thorough verification and validation. Therefore, it is seen as a responsible and
standard practice in research to maintain the confidentiality of data and materials until publication.
(National Institutes of Health 2003a, b, c cited in Joshi, & Krag 2010, p.747). The investigator and sponsor
must agree on a data exchange strategy. Researchers are allowed to keep copies of their research data for
their personal use, provided that they do not violate any applicable laws, agreements with third parties
(such as those requiring ethics committee permission and individual consent), or restrictions on
confidentiality or security. If the data was collaboratively developed, an agreement on data sharing must
be obtained with the other co-creators who might own a copy of the data. Research is occasionally limited
to "information altruists" people willing to share their data (and occasionally, their identity) in the belief
that they have the social standing or financial means to be sufficiently shielded from future discrimination
or negative effects(Choudhury et al. 2014 cited in Mittlestadt, & Floridi, 2016, p.314)

Compliance with policies

Universities should have well-developed data management policies and procedures for their teachers,
students, and staff to meet their data management duties. They should also offer some teaching tools so
that staff members can use them if they wish to learn more about good data management (Joshi, & Krag
2010, p.746). The University and its researchers must fulfill their respective obligations under the Code, all
pertinent policies, guidelines, statements, legislative acts and codes, ethical protocols, contractual
arrangements, and the interests of the community in the management of research data and primary
materials (creation, storage, access, use, and disposal). In doing so, the University and its researchers must
also act in conformity with best practices in their respective fields.
Data protection

Data protection is a component of responsible data management. If the data is electronic, it must be
carefully backed up and stored safely. Researchers, academic institutions, and financial backers do not all
agree on how long to keep primary data. Some believe that initial information should never be discarded.
According to some agency regulations, primary data must be kept for three years after the filing of the
final financial reports for a given grant or contract (National Institutes of Health 2003a, b, c; Office of
Human Research Protections 2009). Others advise preserving data for seven years after publication. (Joshi,
& Krag 2010, p.747). All researchers, regardless of their country of residence, are required to adhere to the
stringent General Data Protection Regulation regarding privacy and security where research involves the
personal data of European Union citizens or residents or where goods and services are offered to such
people.

Conclusion
Institutions and organizations must establish data management strategies that offer the most effective and
efficient means to handle data across unified data tiers. Researchers need to be familiar with the
definitions of data used by the regulatory bodies and institutions that they work with to handle, retain,
and save data properly, especially when it involves people. 
References:

Joshi, M & Krag, SS 2010, ‘Issues in data management’, Science and Engineering Ethics,
vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 743–748.

Mittlestadt, BD & Floridi, L 2016, 'The ethics of big data: Current and foreseeable issues
in biomedical contexts', Science and Engineering Ethics, vol. 22, pp. 303-341.

Whitman, M 2021, 'Modeling ethics: Approaches to data creep in higher education',

Science and Engineering Ethics, vol. 27, 71.