UI Paths

||V-Ray Asset Editor|| > Settings > Camera rollout

||V-Ray Asset Editor|| > Settings > Advanced Camera Parameters rollout

Camera
Type – Specifies the type of the camera. This is where you can define the output required for VR
rendering or standard imaging.
Standard – A standard pinhole camera.
VR Spherical – A camera that is useful for generating latlong images for spherical VR use.
VR Cubemap – A Cubic/Box camera with the cube side arranged in a single row. It is useful for
generating cubic VR output.
VR Camera types require a viewport with perspective projection.
Stereo – Enables or disables the Stereoscopic rendering mode. Stereoscopic images are rendered
"side-by-side" or "one on top of the other" based on the Output Layout option. You do not need to re-
adjust the image resolution as it adapts automatically.
Exposure – Enables the Physical Camera Exposure. When enabled, the Exposure Value, F-
Number, Shutter speed and ISO settings affect the image brightness.
Exposure Value (EV) – Controls the sensitivity of the Camera to the scene lighting levels. The result
is a brighter or darker image. If Auto Exposure (by clicking on it) is enabled,
the Compensation value becomes available. When the Auto button is enabled, the ISO, F number
and Shutter speed are locked.
Compensation – This option is enabled when the Exposure Value (EV) is set to Auto. It is an
additional compensation for the auto-exposure value, in f-stops. A value of 1.0 makes the result
twice as bright, and -1.0 makes it twice as dark.
White Balance – Renders objects in the scene that have the specified color as white in the image.
Note that only the color hue is taken into consideration; the color brightness is ignored. There are
several presets that can be used, most notably the Daylight preset for exterior scenes. You can click
on the Auto option in order for V-Ray to automatically adjust the White Balance. For more
information, see the White Balance example below.
Please note that the Auto option for both Exposure Value and White Balance works only
in Production rendering mode and Light Cache must be specified as the secondary GI
engine. Light Cache Disk Caching is not supported with the Auto option enabled. You can
use it in Single Frame mode instead.
Auto Values – This option is available when Auto Exposure/White Balance is used. It stores the
auto calculated Exposure and White Balance from the last initialized render as values that can be
reused in the next render by pressing the check button ( ). This option helps if you have manually
set different values for the Exposure and White Balance and want to return to V-Ray best suggested
values (for the last render). Manual refresh is required to get the values from the last render by
pressing the update button ( ). See the short example video below.

Example: White Balance

Using the white balance color allows additional modification of the image output. Objects in the
scene that have the specified color appear white in the image. E.g. for daylight scenes this value
could be peach color to compensate for the color of the sun light etc.
F Number is 8.0, Shutter speed is 200.0, ISO is 200.0, Vignetting is on.

White balance is blueish (145, 65, 255)

 Example: Apply Auto Exposure and White Balance to the Active Camera

Depth of Field

Depth of Field – Turns on depth of field sampling.

Defocus – Determines how sharp or de-focused the image might look outside a plane determined
by the Pick Focus Point command. This option is also known as Focus Range.
Focus Source – Chooses the way the camera focus is determined.
Fixed Distance – The camera focus is fixed to the Focus Distance value. Use the button on the
right to pick a point in 3D space to set the camera focus distance. The distance between the
render camera and the point is calculated and then the result used as Focus Distance. This
calculation is not automatic and the same action has to be repeated every time the camera
moves.
Camera Target – The focus distance is automatically calculated before the rendering starts and
equals the distance between the camera position and the target.
Fixed Point – The focus distance is automatically calculated before the rendering starts and
equals the distance between the camera position and the 3D point selected. Use the button on
the right to select a point in the scene.
Pick Point – Determines the position in 3D space by picking in the viewport where the camera
should be in focus.
Focus Distance – Affects the Depth of Field of the Camera and determines which part of the scene
is in focus.
Picking the Pick Point can also be done from the viewport, just like using the Camera Focus
Tool button from the object context menu. A minor difference in selecting Pick Point from the
menu compared to the Asset Editor button is that the menu item is always active.
In the Asset Editor, the Pick Point option is not active if the Depth of Field is disabled. From
the menu, the Camera Focus Tool command can be fired and a focal distance is set at any
point. However, if Depth of Field is not enabled it won't be used.
Effects

Vignetting – Determines the reduction of an image's brightness at the periphery compared to the
image center. For more information, see the Vignette example below.
Vertical Lens Tilt – Simulates vertical tilting of the camera which allows for perspective corrections
or achieving a "2-point perspective" look.
 Example: Vignetting

This parameter controls the simulating the optical vignetting effect of real-world cameras. When set
to 0.0, vignetting is disabled.

0.0

1.0
Advanced Camera Parameters
V-Ray supports several camera types: Standard, VR Spherical Panorama, VR Cubemap.
Orthographic views are supported.
Film Sensitivity (ISO) – Determines the sensitivity of the film and consequently the brightness of
the image. If the ISO value is high (film is more sensitive to the light), the image is brighter. Lower
ISO values mean that the film is less sensitive and produces a darker image. For more information,
see the ISO example below.
Aperture (F Number) – Determines the lens speed and consequently the brightness of the image.
Additionally, the f-number affects the Depth of Field of the camera. The smaller the f-number is, the
narrower the Depth of Field is. For more information, see the Exposure Control: F Number
example below.
Shutter Speed (1/s) – Determines the exposure time for the virtual camera. The longer this time is
(small Shutter Speed value), the brighter the image is. In reverse - if the exposure time is shorter
(high Shutter Speed value), the image gets darker. For example, a shutter speed of 1/30 of a second
corresponds to a value of 30 for this parameter. For more information, see the Shutter
example below.
Bokeh

This rollout becomes available, when Depth of Field is enabled.

Enable Bokeh effects – Defines the shape of the camera aperture. When this option is off, perfectly
circular aperture is simulated. When it is on, a polygonal aperture is simulated, with the given
number of blades.
Blade – Sets the number of sides for the polygonal shape of the aperture.
Center Bias – Defines a bias shape for the Bokeh effects. Positive values make the outer edge of
the Bokeh effects brighter. Negative values make the center of the effect brighter.
Rotation – Defines the rotation of the blades in degrees.
Anisotropy – Allows the stretching of the Bokeh effect horizontally or vertically to simulate
anamorphic lenses. If you want the ratio of height to width of the bokeh to be k:1, then the value for
anisotropy should be sqrt(1/k)-1. For example, for anamorphic bokeh, which is 2.39:1, the
anisotropy value should be -0.353.

Example: Film Sensitivity (ISO)

This parameter determines the sensitivity of the film and so the brightness of the image. If the film
speed (ISO) is high (film is more sensitive to the light), the image is brighter. Lower ISO values mean
that the film is less sensitive and produces a darker image.
Exposure is on, Shutter Speed is 60.0, F Number is 8.0, Vignetting is on, White balance is white.
 ISO is 800

Example: Aperture: F Number

Note: All the images from the following examples are rendered using the VRaySunSky set with their
default parameters.
This parameter controls the aperture size of the virtual camera. Lowering the F Number value
increases the aperture size and so makes the image brighter, since more light enters the camera. In
reverse, increasing the F Number makes the image darker, as the aperture is closed.
Shutter speed is 60.0, ISO is 200, Vignetting is on, White balance is white.
 F Number is 4.0

Example: Shutter Speed

This parameter determines the exposure time for the virtual camera. The longer this time is (small
Shutter speed value), the brighter the image would be. In reverse - if the exposure time is shorter
(high Shutter speed value), the image would get darker. This parameter also affects the motion blur
effect, see White balance .
Exposure is on, F Number is 8.0, ISO is 200, Vignetting is on, White balance is white.

Shutter speed is 60.0