UCAT

&

BMAT
NOTES

Made by Jason Chan

Free A- Level science Notes at factrecall.com

 UCAT
1) for
Request headphones and
earplugs before the exam .

questions )
2) Write time 10.5
stamps (
e.g minutes clock 12
.

on

( DO
¥ ,
É ,
& amount of questions )
3) Review questions and for difficulty if it too difficult time
consuming
seems
gauge or
guess
-

it Alt
and
flag
an answer : + F

Verbal
""""" """" "x x x x x
Reasoning 44
=
questions in 21
=
minutes 13¥ per question )

Can :
for if
Possible event place frequently
•

to take ,
even it is not

Could without reference frequency

:
Event possible
•

is
any to or
probability
.

Commonly / Frequently :
Event is not an unusual occurrence .

Many A number but not

necessarily majority
•

large
i

Most /
majority :
Bettering to a
large proportion

Cannot / Impossible :
happen
•

Events that can never .

*
-

Average : Careful when average figure is applied to

any
individual in a
question

Rules
Logic
If A B (n o n B)
Rule 1
always ( A)
→ then →
: -

non
-
.
,

Rule 2 : If A → B, then ( non -

A) does not
always imply ( non -
B) .

! For format 2 read four and select be

questions ,
all options quickly the one that
you instinctively think
may
the

and test it text

answer
against the .

I
Abstract Reasoning " Questions in 13
=
minutes ,

""x x x x x x ,

scan for : ( Intrinsic Features) Relationships to look For

Inumeriosity) :

✓{
s hope 1) Absolute number
leg .
3 us
5 )

2) Odd or even number

• 01° "

than or less than

More
3)
A
arrangement / Angles least of or
4) At one none

N umber other Relationships to look for :

1) Size of certain shape relative to other shapes

symmetry 2) Position of shapes in the box

3) Direction of arrows relative to

shapes
Timing and Format

55
questions in 13 minutes

~
1 minute 4 ( exercises )
on
Type 1 and Type so total 10 minutes as total 10

30 seconds 3 total 5 )
separate
~
on Type 2 and Type ( so total 2.5 minutes as exercises

Look for
simple Relationships to in Type 1

Type and size of the

objects
.

Number of objects ( look for relationships between objects / number of sides / ar row direction )

'

Number of sides ( odd , eve n

multiple number of sides )
,

( e.g number of sides of A = number of sides of B t 1)

Symmetries ( line of symmetry )

904180° 90° of A)
•

Angles ( all
angles Y or number of match number objects
-

Intersections (
e.g .
intersections are on straight edges J
( number of intersections )
e.g .

(
e.g .
intersection pattern the same
)

of shapes of edges of black shape

Colour Object ( number of edges of white + double number
•

e.g
.

= 10 )

Position / direction of objects (

pointing in direction
triangle always
•

e.g top
ar row
. same as -

ar row in

right cor ner )

Quantitative Reasoning % 36
( = Questions in 24
=
minutes ) ( 40s per question)
' """"" """"""" """" "" "

Time Guidelines

18 minutes 10th Question

remaining →

19th
12 minutes
remaining → Question

6 minutes → 28th Question

remaining
Format

Number of from 1 -6
•

questions per stem

ranges (
usually 4)

Situational Judgement ( 69 Questions in 26 minutes ) ( 23s per question)

xxx -- - e-
Bands

Each set is associated with 2-5

'

scenarios
distraction scenario
Identify the
key issue and the within each
•

'

Band 1 -

25%
Time Guidelines

13 minutes 35th Question

remaining
. >

Ethical Resources

}
.

4 Pillars of Medical Ethics useful for interview too !

" '
GMC 's
'
•

Good Medical Practice

shortcuts A- It + N Next Question

"" All t P Previous Question

A- It + F Flag
A- It + E End Section
Traits of a Good Doctor ( From Good Medical Practice)

Integrity
•

info )
•

Confidentiality ( not revealing patient

Professionalism ( in a
competent manner )
•

acting
'

Communication

Recognising Own Limits

•

Teamwork
-

Rules

1)
Confidentiality : Unless
you are told otherwise ,
doctors should not give out information
without permission and
any
such action is
inappropriate .

2) Communication patient almost

opening discussion with the about non-compliance always
: is
very
doctor forceful
appropriate ,
unless the is
being .

3) After bad
Communication :
delivering news,
options that act to reassure the patient and
help
them with their distress appropriate
are
very .
 BMAT
Section 1 :
Thinking Skills

section 2: Scientific knowledge

and
Applications
Section 3: writing Test ( Essay Question

The of strike have of

option taking action should not be available to doctors as
they a
special duty care to

their patients .

of For
For : Patients might suffer . Protection on the
exploitation employees .
.
-
e
-

Against . . .

Format 4 In conclusion . . .

4↳
I / - - - - - - - -

Section 1 Skills
Thinking
:

•
32 questions in 60 minutes

Section 2 :
Science

27 in 30 minutes
questions

section 3 :
Writing Task

'

30 minutes

Section 1 -

Critical
Thinking 4
"" E - E - -- - - - - -4
1 .

What is the main conclusion ?

" "

Utilising therefore if between

•

the test indecisive 2 answer

"

therefore
"
choices :
- , i
" " "

for However
"

should
' '

Look words
"

opinion want
-

eec

Logic Questions

Always remember It then format

-

to use . . . . . .
,
. . . . . . . .

Positive form : If condition then conclusion

form If NOT
Negative : conclusion THEN NOT
condition

Assumptions

Conclusion
Reasons + Assumption =

!! Assumption is what links the reason to the conclusion .

Negation tests be used the

right
→
can to check if have
assumption
you
.

↳ chosen if does make it correct

Negate conclusion not is
your assumption ,
sense
any more , .

→ Use
negation test to work out which negated assumption destroys the conclusion .
 BMAT Cheatsheet
Fraction Decimal 1) use
negation test for assumptions !
112 0.5

distance 113 0.333

0.25
time 114
speed
115 0.2

1/6 no .
17

0-6
IM3
✗
1- CM3
'
1IT -0.14
✗ 106 -

118 0.125
✗ ①
→
✗ 10-9
✗ 103 ✗ 109
119 0.111 . . .

}
1mm
1110 0.1

?
1cm ÷ 1000 =
1 DM3

Cathode Hz / positive
Electrolysis
: metal
: ions
-

Anode : 02-1 H20 / halide ions/

negative ions

Cathode for
Electroplating : item to be plated
•

Anode for
•

the plate material

 Problem Solving Questions - Number and Graph Theory

,
Euclidean

-- a-
Algorithm
-
to

-
Find

- -
Greatest

- - - -
Common

-
Division /
←
Highest
←- ←
common

- -
Factor

- - ,
¥
2
god ( 1701 ; 3768 )
I ( 10 ; 45)
gcd

3768 = 1701 •
2- + 366
45 10 + r
q
.
=

✓ ✓
45 = 10.4 + ⑤
✓✓ 1701 366 4- 237

g)
= •
-1

10 = 5 .
-2 + ✓ ✓
366 = 237 •
I + 129

-
i.
5¢ 237 = 12-9.1%08
I /
Combinations
a- - - --
and
- - C
Permutations
- r - - (
-
\
" 129

108
If =

=
108

21
•

•
I

5
+

+ ③
21

( order ):

3-
Number of possible permutations
matters
✓

c:
21 =

=⑥ •
7

31
i.

Permutations of n items of which r are identical :

Number of possible combinations of r items ,

from set of n items

÷ . h !
hf
i

,
In -
r )! r !

µ
Networking
-

Finding Shortest Path

with
Dijkstra's Algorithm
1- - I /
D-a - - a >- E - - off

④ 4
B f
①
4
1- 4
⑤
A >
A>

7
DC6
G
f- 12

P12

3
3 2
④
2

C
_5E①
① as
 Section 3 Essay Feedback and Structure
¥
¥
in - r - -
- - - - E -a - a- a- - -

This statement takes a

bold stance .
.
.

This statement means . -

.
.

Intro
It
goes on to
imply .
.
.

This
(
explore / analyse /
essay will
Explain the statements discuss . . .

In support of this statement .

. :

However In of
support this
- .
. - .

( For )
contrary to this statement -

statement
Opposing (Proposing)
.
.

. .
.
.

Paragraph with opinions !

HE
'
Avoid interning
↳
only give arguments
LINK TO STATEMENT

✓
Contrary
'
to this statement .

( Against
) Refer back to statement/question ! !
Opposing → End of paragraph
:

Paragraph with
1

link back to
question
PPE (
e.g focus on concept of questions / answers
being more
important
in
advancing )
knowledge
LINK TO STATEMENT

In
my opinion .
-
- -
-

Conclusion 314
)
(opinion In conclusion -
.
.

There should be no
exception . .
.
Factual mistakes made ( Chemistry)

'

Si0z silicon dioxide , diamond and

along with
graphite ,
exist as a
giant structure .

Actual Yield
Percentage Yield = ✗ 10°
.

Theoretical Yield

.
Isomers have
very
similar
physical properties
=
FALSE !

A c=c is not as
strong as 2 C- C bonds because second pair of electrons involved in bond does not
provide
•

as much

force as first pair As second of electrons involved the bond form bonds above of
pair
in it and below the plane
.

the bond .

As down 1, increases
eg is more reactive than sodium
you go group reactivity rubidium
.
.
. .

→ Rubidium is stored under oil due to its

high reactivity with water vapour in the air .

All isotopes have the have ) but have different

same chemical properties ( as
they same number of electrons
they
-

nuclear properties
!
.
For all
agreed electrolysis ,
always consider the water
component
Oxidation close of -) Occurs at the anode f) and reduction ( of electrons -3 occurs at the
electrons
gain
-

cathode ( t) (!! anode is only negative in

battery and is positive in load 1 ))
.

recharging
2
Group 1 and reactions with increases down the
'

water
group
as
group you go .

used
C12 .2 : understand
why Idc) ,
not Lac ) is in
electrolysis :
Direct current deposits anions in the anode and cations

in the cathode In case of current the current would keep directions and would lead to
. an
alternating ,
changing an uneven

distribution of ions in the electrodes .

Electrolysis in
'

aqueous solution rules :

than
↳
Hydrogen forms
at the cathode unless metal cation less reactive hydrogen .

CC1-1BR )
- -

↳ form anode halide I

Oxygen and water at the unless ions present . ,

Electroplating : The
negative electrode (cathode) should be the object that is to

be electroplated .
( to attract positive metal ions ]

The electrode ( anode)

positive should be the pure metal that
you
want

( lose electrons to form metal ions)

to
object with to
coat the .

be solution of the its

The electrolyte should a
coating metal , such as

nitrate salt
or
sulphate .

If material such used in anode, metal concentration

inert
graphite
.

as

fall material
(used to coat the cathode ) would instead of anode
going
into the solution .

'

NaOH Test : ACMI Cr -7 Blue

/
d
Aid / white tie
"
→ Green
ca "
Fe → Brown Have
my No

Fear

of
Ice

cold

Bear
Factual Mistakes Made ( Biology)

destruction of surface
Emphysema characterised
by the alveoli and reduces the
•
is area .

ADH is released in
response to an increase in blood concentration ,
so more water can be reabsorbed .

Urea waste
product and
by
•

is a
produced secreted into the blood the liver .

Thermoregulation Hypothalamus detects in Vasodilation temperature Vasoconstriction

-

temperature when increased

changes
: .
.

when temperature decreases .

Reproductive hormones
-

→
Follicle
Stimulating Hormone CFSH ) tells the ovaries to for ovulation
prepare
an
egg .

→ of ( E 's
Oestrogen repairs and thickens the
lining the uterus thick)
Hormone (
Luteinising ( LH)
Egg
→
causes the
egg
to be released .
released ,
take the ↳
→
Progesterone of
lining
maintains the the uterus ( Pro
protect )
-
.

Parts of the hormonal system be the CNS

may controlled
by
.

Envcleated cell without

-

cell a nucleus
egg means an
egg
.

'

Ribosomes and nucleus of

not visible
during metaphase mitosis .

Ligase works DNA of

•

to 2 strands
enzyme join of
together ,
this will be needed to add in a new
gene into DNA the

bacteria .

CO2 is acidic hence blood acidic ( lower pH)

-

venous is more than arterial blood .

Stomata control Each guard cells that form

exchange in plants stroma is controlled
During light each
-

gas .

by turgor pressure .
,

stoma absorb water

by cell stoma
→
osmosis → each becomes turgid opens .

During dark → water

is lost from the
guard
cells → cells become flaccid → stoma closes .

of
Infertility can occur due to failure the
body to
regulate oestrogen and
progesterone hormone levels
•

Not all hormones are released via ducts ( e.g .

aldosterone is released
directly into the blood from the adrenal
gland)
A of
somatic cell is cell the
body except sperm and
'

any cells
egg
.

Sperm not
required when
cloning The for from cell
'

is nucleus the comes a somatic

egg
.
.

DNA
During cloning the screened before implantation for damage that
only
embryo is cells
undamaged DNA
so
'

, ,
with

are
implanted .

All found cells

though they that
'

all even not be switched in particular

genes are in somatic , might on cell .

sites
Digestive Enzyme Production
-

→
Amylase Salivary glands A
:|
:
small intestine
,
pancreas ,

→ Protease Stomach ,
pancreas ,
small intestine P
Pancreas L
→
Lipase :
,
small intestine

Oestrogen while
initially following
the feedback loop eventually to
positive feedback loop in which
•

,
negative ,
switches the

of results in of
a
surge oestrogen a
surge LH around
day 14 ,
resulting
in ovulation .

Contraception s
•

↳ Non hormonal : Condoms and IUDs

surgical abstinence
-

, interventions, copper .

↳ Contraceptive pills have oestrogen and to inhibit FSH and LH

progesterone .

↳ Plastic IUDs secrete

progesterone into the
body ,
preventing implantation and inhibits FSH and LH .

Cancers are caused

by changes in the
genetic sequence of cells that cause it to divide and grow uncontrollably
.

21%
Dry air is
oxygen
-

Structure of
kidneys and
nephrons :
•

↳
Reabsorption of water occurs at the
collecting duct (5) .

↳ Proximal convoluted tubule reabsorb (2)

glucose
.

↳ Ultrafitration of glucose ,
salts and water at Bowman 's capsule .

(1)
↳ Variable reabsorption of salts at 13,4)
-

Anaerobic respiration does not produce CO2 .

I
.
.

Bacteria have their DNA structured as a double stranded helix .

 .÷Ét¥ÉÉ
'

IVC ( inferior vena cava ) is to the left of the midine , whilst aorta is to the
right .

Growth of and of cells of mitosis

cell
repair roles
'

a are NOT .

Roles of mitosis include : asexual reproduction and stem cell division .

Arteries contains muscle cells on the outside to allow vasoconstriction .

±
-
When
temperature rises in a human , arterioles dilate in order to allow increased
vena cava
blood flow to the skin . Hair erector muscles relax so hairs lie flat and do

not
trap insulating layer of air the skin
⑦
an next to .

An impulse the release of from

causes transmitter molecule the presynaptic neurone .

"" °
"
Transmitter formed before released and bind
-

molecules are in a neuron terminal

they are to receptors "

"
on the postsynaptic "" "" "

,
-1
,
,

y
Urethra ( near
penis and
vagina
Factual Mistakes made ( Physics )

'

Prenatal ultrasound
scanning uses

Thermal infrared
'

imaging uses

Pascal 's
Principle fluid
•

states that in is the

everywhere
a
pressure same .

For
light from refractive from
moving high index it bends
-

a index to a low refractive normal and vice versa

, away .

A shorter refracts
light due down
-

wavelength more to the fact that it can be slowed more .

Convection The fluid of dense

by tendency hotter and less to and denser
'

:
movement caused within a material rise
, colder
,

material to sink under influence of which results in transfer of heat

gravity ,
a .

A substance lose heat temperature falling

•

can= without its

energy .

Hot fall
•

water rises and cooler water will will set a convection current
up
.

A¥s background half

for radiation when life graphs !
-

at
account
looking
when
decays into atom , careful that the loses newly formed
•

atom another
one
original atom mass and

atom
gains mass .

Current flows from POSITIVE to NEGATIVE .

A has the
temperature is
resistor
always same unless
changed
•

resistance ,
.

'

A 100% efficient transformer would the

NOT
change power .

Black is better emitter of infrared white as emitters of radiation at

to
good also
a
compared good
.

are

radiation due
absorbing to
energy
levels .

Under white clothes reflect

sunlight wearing to best heat
•
, .

However of IR
during winter the amount the than
-

by
person will be smaller emitted the Black
,
on
person .

back
would absorb and radiate out of the
body or to
body .

By contrast ,
white would reflect IR back onto the

body ,
so wear white clothes
during winter .

nuclear fusion release

Sun primarily uses to
energy
-
.

Induced induction
voltage electromagnetic increases when :
in
•

↳ moved faster rate of field line increases

Magnet cutting
-

↳ Stronger magnet -
higher density of field lines
,
rate of cutting field lines increases
 BMAT Physics - Magnetism
✗ 2. I (c) Understand the difference between soft and hard materials ( iron and steel )
magnetic e.g .

→
Soft
magnetic materials are
easy to
magnetise but also
easily lose their
magnetisation .
leg iron)

→
Hard materials difficult but difficult
magnetic are to
magnetise once
they are
magnetised , they are to
demagnetise.IE g.
-
steel)

Use of soft iron in

core
electromagnets

Electromagnets consist of coil of turns soft

'

a wound around a iron

many core .

soft iron used it and loses

core
magnetisation quickly
'

as
gains very .

Factors
Influencing size of Induced Voltage

of rotation of coil
1) Speed magnet or

2) Size of magnetic field

More turns of wire coil

3) on

4) Area of wi )

5) the the field

Keep coil
perpendicular to
magnetic

6) Add an iron core

All of thins links to :

number of
turns
a
E =
BAN a sin ( w ) t

/
e. Mf
magnetic
* density Area
angular
velocity

flux of wi)

•
The field inside a solenoid is uniform in the centre

of
and
through most the coil ,
decreasing at the ends .

Field be controlled current

by the
'

controlling
can
.

Factors Around
Affecting
Field wire
magnetic strength a

1) Current in wire

2) Distance from wire

Medium
3)
surrounding wire

f- actors
affecting motor effect

1) of current
Magnitude
Strength of field
2)
magnetic
3)
Length of wire

f- = B I L

*
Increased Area of wit also increases

effect equation)
turning
not
( not sure
why really, as
in