Ul 1709 (2022)

UL 1709
STANDARD FOR SAFETY
Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection

Materials for Structural Steel
UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER
REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INC.
AUGUST 8, 2022 - UL 1709 tr1
U L Standard for Safety for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel, U L 1709
Sixth Edition , Dated August 8, 2 0 2 2
Summary o f Topics
This Sixth Edition of ANSI/UL 1709 dated August 8, 2022 includes a restructure of the standard into
two parts.
The requirements are substan tially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this su bject dated February 18,
2 0 2 2.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any mean s, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise
withou t prior permission of U L.
U L provides this Standard "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including bu t
not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any purpose.
I n no event will U L be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages,
including loss of profits, lost savin gs, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the u se of or the
inability to u se this Standard, even if U L or an au thorized UL representative has been advised of the
possibility of such damage. In no event shall U L's liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for
this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim.
U sers of the electron ic versions of U L's Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold U L
harmless from an d against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, o r judgment (in cluding reasonable
attorney's fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic
Standard on the pu rchaser's computer system.

tr2 AUGUST 8, 2022 - UL 1709
N o Text on This Page

AU GUST 8, 2022
ANSI/UL 1709-2022
UL 1709
Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural
Steel
First Edition - February, 1989

Second Edition - February, 1994
Third Edition - March, 2005
Fourth Edition - Au gu st, 2 0 11
Fifth Edition - February, 2 0 17
Sixth Edition
August 8, 2022
This ANSI/U L Standard for Safety consists of the Sixth Edition.
The most recen t designation of ANSI/U L 1709 as an American N ational Standard

(AN SI) occurred on August 8, 2 0 2 2. ANSI approval for a standard does not
include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, and Title Page.
Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be

su bmitted to U L at any time. Proposals should be su bmitted via a Proposal
Request in U L's On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS)
at https://csds.ul.com.
U L's Standards for Safety are copyrighted by U L. Neither a printed nor electronic
copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of U L's Standards and all
copyrights, own erships, an d rights regarding those Standards shall remain the
sole and exclusive property of U L.
COPYRIGHT© 2022 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

2 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
No Text on This Page

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 3
CONTENTS
PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIRE MENTS
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope 5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 U nits of Measurement ...........................................................................................................5

3 Referenced Pu blications ........................................................................................................5
FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD
4 Fu rnace Control ....................................................................................................................5

5 Fu rnace Calibration ...............................................................................................................7
6 Test Specimen ......................................................................................................................8
PART 2 - STRUCTURAL STEEL
INTRODUCTION
7 General ................................................................................................................................8
8 Glossary 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 Terms of Abbreviation 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Fu rnace Calibration ........................................................................................................... 10

11 Fu rnace Control ................................................................................................................ 13
12 Test Specimen .................................................................................................................. 15
13 Performance Criteria ......................................................................................................... 17
14 Report .............................................................................................................................. 17
15 Environmental Performance............................................................................................... 18
16 Applicability of Results and Classification ............................................................................ 18
17 Supplementary Test Method for Beams............................................................................... 18
17.1 Fu rnace control ....................................................................................................... 18
17.2 Test specimen ......................................................................................................... 2 1
17. 3 Performance criteria................................................................................................. 2 3
ANNEX A (Normative) - CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES
A1 Mu lti-Section Classification ................................................................................................ 2 5

A2 Mu lti-Duration Classification .............................................................................................. 26
A3 Mu lti-Duration, Mu lti-Section Classification ......................................................................... 26
A4 Mu lti-Temperatu re Assessment.. ........................................................................................ 28
ANNEX B (Normative) - GENERATION OF SU P PLE MENTARY PRODUCT DESIGN TA BLES FOR

BEA MS

4 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
N o Text on This Page

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 5
PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIRE MENTS
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
1.1 This Stand ard d escribes a fu ll-scale test method for measuring the thermal resistance of protective
materials, systems, or constructions to rapid-temperature-rise fires.
1.2 Part 1 of this Stand ard d escribes the fu rnace calibration and fu rnace control requirements.
2 Units of Measurement
2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requ irement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or
approximate information.
3 Referenced Pu blications
3.1 Any u nd ated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requ irements of this Standard shall be
interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that cod e or standard.
3.2 The following pu blications are referenced in this Stand ard :
U L 2431, Durability of Fire Resistive Coatings and Materials
4 Furnace Control
4.1 The fire environment within the furnace is to d evelop a total heat flux of 65,000 ±5000 B tu /h ft2 (204
·
±16 kW/m2) and an average temperatu re of 2000 ±100 °F (1093 ±56 °C) within 5 min from the start of the
test. The fire environment is to be controlled by reprodu cing the fu rnace temperatures record ed d u ring the
fu rnace calibration method specified in the Fu rnace Calibration section of the relevant Part of this
Standard. This temperature is to be maintained throu ghout the remainder of the fire test as shown in
Figure 4.1.

6 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 4. 1
Time-Temperature Curve
TEMPERATURE, F TEMPERATURE, C
2500 .------. 1371
2250 - - 1232
2000 - ----------------------11093
1750 - ( - 954
1500 - - 816
1250 - 677
1000 - 538
750 - 399
500 - 261
250 - 122
35 45 50
0 ........
... ....
... ....
.
.. ....
.• ....
... u.
• ... ....
... • ....
.. ....
... ....
.
. ....
... ....
.
... ....
... ..
. ......
.......
. ....
... . ...
........
.
....
.. .
....
... . .. ......
...... -17
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 55 60
s
TIME, MINUTES
2526A
4.2 The furnace is to be con trolled to maintain the area under the time-temperature curve to within 10 %
of the correspondin g area under the standard time-temperature curve shown in Figure 4.1 for fire tests of
60 min or less d uration ; to within 7. 5 % for tests longer than 60 min bu t not longer than 120 min; and to
within 5 % for tests exceed ing 12 0 min in d uration. The area u nd er the time-temperature curve is to be
obtained by averaging the results from the pyrometer or thermocouple read ings.
4.3 A correction is to be applied for variation of the furnace exposure from the prescribed , where such
variation will affect the test results, by mu ltiplying the ind icated time period by two-thirds of the value
obtained by dividing the difference in area between the curve of average furn ace temperature and the
standard curve for the first three-fourths of the period by the area between the standard curve above a
base line of 68 °F (20 °C ) for the same part of the ind icated period d u ring the first part of the test. For fire
exposure times longer than standard , the indicated ratin g period is to be increased by the amount of the
correction and for fire exposure times less than stand ard, the ind icated rating period is to be similarly
decreased. The correction can be expressed by the followin g formula:
2/(A-As)
C = 3 (As)
I n which:
C is the correction in the same units as I
I is the indicated fire-resistance period

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 7
Ais the area und er the curve of ind icated average furnace temperature for the first three-fou rths of
the indicated period
As is area under the standard furnace curve for the same part of the indicated period
4. 4 The temperature fixed by the requirements of the Furnace Calibration section of the relevant Part of
this Standard , is to be the average temperatu re obtained from the readings of eight thermocouples
symmetrically disposed and d istributed within the test furnace to show the temperature near all parts of the
assembly or assemblies.
4. 5 The thermocou ples are to be fabricated by fusion-welding the twisted ends of 0.064 in (1.6 mm)
diameter (N o. 14 B & S gauge) chromel-alumel wires having a time constant of 2 min or less, and
mou nting the wires in porcelain insulators. The thermocouple assembly is to be inserted through a
stand ard weight, nominal 1/2-in iron, steel or inconel pipe, and the end of the pipe from which the welded
junction protrudes is to be open. The thermocouple ju nction is to protrude 1/2 in (12.7 mm) from the open
end of the pipe.
4.6 The ju nction of the thermocou ples is to be placed 4 in (10 2 mm) away from the exposed face of the
test specimen and located at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights of the test specimen. The junction of the
thermocouples is not to touch the specimen d uring the test, as a result of specimen d eflection.
4.7 Each thermocouple within the furnace shall be read at intervals not exceeding 1 min d uring the first
3 0 min of the test and at intervals not exceeding 5 min d uring the remaind er of the test.
5 Furnace Cali bration
5. 1 A fu rnace calibration record is to be maintained and the furnace is to be recalibrated after completion
of any repair that could alter the heat generation, retention or flow characteristics of the furnace. The
calibration shall be cond u cted at a frequency not to exceed 10 years.
5. 2 The exposure of the furnace is to be measu red with thermocouples and calorimeters as d escribed by
the relevant subsequent Part of this Standard.
5. 3 The measured values of all thermocouples and calorimeters are to be recorded at intervals not
exceeding 1 min.
5. 4 The thermocouples used to measu re the temperatures within the fu rnace are to be constru cted as
d escribed in 4. 5.
5. 5 Calorimeters are to have a minimu m range of 10 0 , 0 0 0 Btu/h ft 2 (315 kW/m2) and a 180° view angle
·
5.6 Combustion gas samples from within the fu rnace are to be obtained as d escribed by the relevant
subsequent Part of this Standard.
5.7 The combustion gas samples are to be obtained continuously by u se of a vacu um pump and the
oxygen content measured by an oxygen analyzer.
5.8 The fire environment d uring the calibration test is to comply with the requirements of 1.J_. The length
of the calibration test is to be 60 min.
5.9 I ndividual total heat flu x measu rements are to lie within the limits shown in Figure 5.1.

8 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 5. 1
Time-total Heat Flux Curve
TOTAL HEAT FLUX TOTAL HEAT FLUX

BTU/FT2-HR KW/M2
75000 �--------- _ _ _- - --------� 236
70000 220
UP P ER Ll Ml T
65000 205
60000 189
LOWER LIMIT
55000 173
50000 157
45000 142
40000 126
35000 110
30000 94
25000 79
20000 63
15000 47
10000 31
5000 16
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
TIME, MINUTES
S 2529A
5.10 The average furnace temperature is to be d etermined by averaging the temperatures recorded by
the furnace control thermocouples . The average shall be 2000 ±10 0 °F (1093 ±5 6 °C) and individual
temperatures are to be 2000 ±200 °F (1093 ±111 °C) 5 min after the start of the test and until the end of the
test.
6 Test Specimen
6.1 The size of the test specimen shall be representative of the d esign, materials, and workmanship for
which classification is d esired.
6.2 All thermocouples for the purpose of recording specimen temperature are to be fabricated from
minimum 0.032 in (0.8 mm) diameter (N o. 20 B & S gauge) chromel-alumel, inconel sheathed wires or
equivalent having a time constant of 2 s or less.
PART 2 - STRUCTURAL STEEL
INTRODUCTION
7 General
7.1 U nless specifically stated otherwise, the requirements in Part 1 of this Stand ard are applicable.
7.2 Part 2 of this Stand ard covers additional procedures for use in conjunction with Part 1 of this
Standard, intended to evaluate the thermal resistance of protective material applied to structural members
and the ability of the protective material to withstand the fire exposure.
/ZED FOR FURTHER
AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 9
7. 3 Part 2 of this Stand ard d escribes the minimum testing requ irements for classification, the limits of
applicability of test results and acceptable methodology to d etermine the classification achieved.
7. 4 The test method includes a su pplementary test method for beams, intend ed to evaluate the ability of
protective materials to perform when subject to significant d eflections, for use in conjunction with the full
scale exposure test and applicable for beams and other sections subject to bending. I nformation published
in accordance with this test method may also include product d esign tables for beams and sections
subject to bending d erived from the su pplementary test method and accompanying methodology.
7. 5 I nformation published in accordance with this test method may also includ e product d esign tables for
alternate limiting temperatures d erived from a mu lti-temperature analysis. Such tables are provided to aid
in conditions where a performance-based-design approach is implemented.
8 Glossary
8. 1 For the purpose of the requirements in Part 2 of this Stand ard , the following d efinitions apply.
8. 2 CON FIGURATI ON OF SECTION - The type of section, d efined by reference to its shape and
structural use. For example: open column, open beam, hollow column, hollow beam.
8. 3 HOLLOW SECTION - A tube or pipe or similar shape that has a cross-section containing enclosed
space.
8. 4 OPEN SECTI ON - A wid e flange or similar shape section that has a cross-section containing no
enclosed space.
9 Terms of Abbreviation
9. 1 For the pu rpose of the requirements in Part 2 of this Stand ard , the following terms of abbreviation are
u sed.
D or DFTthickness of fire protection material (in)
D min minimum thickness of fire protective coating (in)
D max maximu m thickness of fire protection coating (in)
D mid an intermediate thickness of fire protection coating lying within the mid third between D min and D max
(in)
t the period or d uration of classification (minu tes)
T the temperature (°F or °C) used as the criteria in an engineering assessment (engineering analysis or
stud y) intended to provide supplementary information to the classification
WID where Wis the weight of the open steel section per lineal foot and D is the perimeter of protection
material at the interface between the open steel section and the protection material
A/P where A is the cross-sectional area of the hollow section and P is the perimeter of protection material
at the interface between the hollow steel section and the protection material

10 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
10 Furnace Calibration
10.1 The exposure of the furnace is to be measu red with thermocouples and calorimeters mounted
within a nominal 14 by 14 in by 6 ft high (3 57 by 357 by 1829 mm) vertical calibration column centered
within the fu rnace chamber. The calibration column is to be fabricated from noncombustible materials,
constru cted and instru mented as shown in Figure 10.1 and Figure 10.2.

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 11
Figure 10.1
Cali bration Column I
I II@� - - - - - - - - - �@
I
1+ +i / I I
I ,o4 I I
I I I I
I I I
I I I I
I
--
I I I
I I @II
I I
1+ +1
I I
I
I I
I
I
I I
I
I I
A I I A B B
I I
1+ +1
I I 0
I I
I I
I I I�----------!I
I I
E I
I
I
I 2 I
E @
:
I I II I
1+ +1
I I II I
(j)
I I II I
N
I II I
co
I I II I
I
I I II I
I II I
c c..
I I II@ I@
I
N
.....
E
I E
I I I
1+ +1
E I I I E
co I I 3 I
L!") I I I (j)
I I I
.,....
.,....
.,....
-
�
c
L!")
'<t"
![
N
I
I
I
I
1+
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
+1
I
I
I
I
@
I
I
I@
I
I
I
I
I
I
N
.!:
co
'<t"
I I I
I I I
I I @ I@
II I
I I II I
1+ +1
I I II I
I I II I
I I II I
I I II I
I I II I
I I II I
I I II@ - - - - - - - - - ' @
1+ --------- +1 II I I
12 in. (305 mm) 14 in. (356 mm)
1• •1
E
'E
I
+1
L!") I
0 I
� I
I
I
I
c
N +1
± _______ ± �
su2293
KEY
1 2"x2" x3/16" (51x51x 4.8 mm) steel angles welded to form framework
2 Instrumentation block (2 required)
3 Two layers of nom. 1.2" (13 mm) Marinite or equivalent inorganic insulation boards installed on four sides and top of calibration
column, secured to framework with No. 1/4-20 steel bolts with nuts and 1-1/4 (32 mm) diameter steel washers
4 Entire cavity of calibration column filled with nom. 6 lb/ft3 (3484 kg/m3) density mineral wool batts

12 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 10.2
Calibration Column II
E
E
. E
-� E
----
<D 0 .q-
.q- ..- l{)
Cf)
z
0
�
c
�
..-
N
0 0
� E
----
�
. E
Cf)
.q- <D z
0 0
-
..- l{)
�
u 0
0 E 8
_J -- E
0 0 �--
��
Uo �� u�
oo
-
. E
lzJ (0
o- -� E _J-
_J Cf) 0 w
Cf)
CC N .q- <D
c
�
l{) O ..- l{)
C")
_J-.::!"
0.... _J
----
z...J
o<C 0 �<(
-U 0U
O
� uo....
0 0
a...
i--;>- o>-
..-
zl- E
w-- E �!::..
0:::
<D w
� l{) 0 0
� :r:
0::: I-
I-
Cf) . E
0 0 -� E
c
z �
l{) C") 00
.q- C") C")
0 0 �
0 0
0 0
0 0 /
su2294

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 13
10. 2 The temperature of the furnace is to be measured by eight thermocouples, each located 4 in (102
mm) from the exposed face of the calibration column and at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights.
10. 3 The measured values of all thermocouples and calorimeters are to be recorded at intervals not
exceeding 1 min.
10. 4 The thermocouples used to measure the temperatures on the face of the calibration column are to
be No. 2 8 gauge, Type K inconel sheathed thermocouples having a time constant of 0.5 s or less. The
thermocouple junction is to be located 1/4 in (6. 3 mm) from the face of the calibration column.
10. 5 The thermocouples used to measure the temperatures within the furnace are to be constructed as
described in Section 1-_, Furnace Control, in Part 1 of this Standard.
10.6 The calorimeters are to have a minimum range of 10 0 , 0 0 0 Btu/h ft 2 (315 kW/m2) and a 180° view
·
angle.
10.7 Combustion gas samples from within the furnace are to be obtained from a probe of stainless steel
tubing having an outer diameter not less than 3/16 in (4.7 mm) and a wall thickness not less than 1/3 2 in
(0.8 mm). The probe tip is to be positioned vertically at the mid-height of the calibration column and
horizontally located 4 in (102 mm) from the face of the calibration column.
10. 8 The combustion gas samples are to be obtained continuously by use of a vacuum pump and the
oxygen content measured by an oxygen analyzer.
10.9 The individual total heat flux measurements and average furnace temperature during the calibration
test is to comply with conditions given in Part 1 of this Standard. The length of the calibration test is to be
60 min.
10. 10 A record of the temperatures measured near the face of the column and the oxygen content are to
be retained on file for a period of 10 years.
11 Furnace Control
11. 1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with Part 1 of this Standard.
11. 2 The average furnace temperature is to be determined by averaging the temperatures recorded by
the eight thermocouples placed 4 in (102 mm) from the column as shown in Figure 11.1. The average shall
be 2000 ±100 °F (1093 ±56 °C) and individual temperatures are to be 2000 ±2 00 °F (1093 ±111 °C) 5 min
after the start of the test and until the end of the test.

14 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 11.1
Furnace Control Thermocouple Location - Column
COLUMN
r
L/3
�-
L/3
• •
\ THERMOCOU PLES
I
�- • •
ELEVATION VIEW
,.
4 in.
.4 in M
lmf
4 in.
iii
4 in:-m -4 in. 0 4 in.-
4 in.
iii
PLAN VIEW WIDE PLAN VIEW

FLANGE COLUMN STRUCTURAL
TUBING
su2190a

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 15
12 Test Specimen
12. 1 The size of the steel section used in the test specimen shall be representative of the design,
materials, and workmanship for which classification is desired. I n cases where classification is required
across a range of steel sizes and shapes the procedures in Annex A shall be followed, indicating the
number of specimens required to be tested. Open sections (e.g. wide flange columns) and hollow sections
(e.g. pipes, tubes) shall be considered separately for classification.
12. 2 The protection material shall be applied to the steel specimen in accordance with acceptable field
practice. The length of protected open or hollow steel column exposed to flame (L in Figure 12.1) shall be
at least 8 ft (2.44 m). Steel columns are to be supported vertically during application of protection material
and during fire exposure.

16 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 12. 1
Thermocouple Location Columns
. ��
.
...
4 .. d
+--
·4 �-.
'
A A THERMOCOUP LE
Equally
spaced
A A \
L
t-
Equally
spaced
�A
Equally
I
A A
A
0SEC A-A
spaced
t-
24 in. STRUCTURAL
TUBING
THERMOCOUP LE
. �� _d
... I
+--
4'\
�·· ·4 '-�-.
'
A A
4
P:i
SEC A-A
1
5
8
B B
Equally
spaced
t-
'H"
L c
Equally C
spaced
SEC B-B
I
-i -
Equally
D D
spaced
14
P,i
11
15
t-
24 in.
WIDE
SEC C-C
F LANGE
SECTION
19 � 18
16
20
SEC D-D
su2292
UL CO TED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER
AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 17
12.3 The temperatu re of the open steel colu mn is to be measu red by no fewer than five thermocouples
located at each of fou r levels (minimu m of 20 thermocouples). The u pper and lower levels are to be 2 ft
(610 mm) from the ends of the steel column, and the other two intermediate levels are to be equally
spaced between the u pper and lower levels. The thermocouples at each level are to be placed to measure
significant temperatures of the component elements of the steel colu mn. Figure 12.1 shows required
locations of thermocouples on wide flange and tubu lar steel colu mns.
12.4 The temperatu re of the hollow steel column is to be measu red by no fewer than fou r thermocouples
located at each of four levels (minimu m of 16 thermocouples). The u pper and lower levels are to be 2 ft
(610 mm) from the ends of the steel column, and the other two intermediate levels are to be equally
spaced between the u pper and lower levels. The thermocouples at each level are to be placed to measure
significant temperatures of the component elements of the steel colu mn. Figure 12.1 shows required
locations of thermocouples on tubular steel columns.
12.5 The applied protection material is to be restrained against longitudinal thermal expansion greater
than that of the steel column by attaching rigid steel plates or reinforced concrete to the ends of the steel
column prior to application of the protection material. The plates or concrete are to be sized to provide
direct bearing over the entire transverse area of the protection material.
12.6 The ends of the test sample, including the means for restraint, are to have sufficient thermal
insulation to prevent significant direct heat transfer through to the ends of the steel section from the
fu rnace.
12. 7 Prior to test, the test specimen is to be conditioned such that the dampest portion of the test
specimen has achieved a moisture content corresponding to drying to equilibriu m with air in the range of
50 to 75 % relative hu midity at 73 ±5 °F (22.8 ±2.8 °C). I f the protection product requ ires a different
moisture content to perform as intended, such moisture content may be allowed provided the moisture
content and ju stification of acceptance are docu mented in the report, and the moisture content is included
in the classification.
12.8 Moistu re content equilibrium with air shall be determined to have been reached when su ccessive
weekly weighings of a representative specimen, prepared at the same time as the test specimen, indicate
that the representative specimen has stopped losing weight.
13 Performance Criteria
13.1 The transmission of heat through the protection material during the period of fire exposure for which
classification is desired shall not raise the average temperature at any of the four levels of the steel column
above 1000 °F (538 °C) and no thermocouple shall indicate a temperature greater than 1200 °F (649 °C).
14 Report
14. 1 The following shall be included in the test report:
a) Full details of the test specimens including su rface preparation, anti-corrosive treatment or
coating systems, any fixing methods and application methods appropriate to the protection
material;
b) A generic description and accurate details of the fire protection system and any reinforcement,
sealer coats, or retention methods present;
c) Description of the conditioning of the test specimens and their installation within the test furnace;
d) The measu red dimensions of the fire protection system together;

18 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
e) I f relevant, the load utilization along with the calculation method and standard used in the
derivation of this value;
f) I ndividual furnace temperature measurements and the average of all individual furnace
temperature measurements, taken as specified in Section 11. Furnace Control.
g) I f relevant, measured longitudinal deformations, rates of deformation and the times at which they
occur;
h) Observations made and times at which they occur; and
i) I ndividual temperature measurements and the average temperature of each measuring station.
15 Environmental Performance
15.1 Products evaluated for fire endurance under the requirements of this Part of the Standard shall also
comply with the applicable performance requirements in UL 2431 for Material Classification Category I -A:
Outdoor, Heavy I ndustrial.
16 Applicability of Results and Classification
16.1 An individual classification of an open or hollow column may be obtained by the tests described
within this document and based upon the performance criteria specified in Section _Ll. The fire endurance
classification is applicable to the type of construction representative of the design that the test is intended
to examine.
16.2 Classification is applicable only to steel columns and only in the configuration (either open sections
such as wide flange columns or hollow sections such as tubes and pipes) of the steel tested.
16.3 Supplementary product design tables for the same configuration of steel tested as a column can be
generated for beams by following the procedure in Annex §., on the basis of the supplementary test
procedure in Section 1L Additional Procedures for B eams.
16.4 Classification of multiple steel column sections, covering a range of WID or AIP values, and
durations may be accomplished by following the procedures outlined in Annex /j, Sections A 1, A2 and A3.
16.5 Classification is applicable to steel columns exposed on 4 sides, or less than all four sides. When
the steel column is exposed on less than all four sides, the sides that are not exposed (and that cannot be
coated by fire protection material) must be in direct contact with material of substantial heat sink such as
concrete.
16.6 Classification may be extended to sections of identical configuration with a value of WID or AIP
greater than that tested. The fire protection thickness 0 for the maximum WID or AIP classified at the
same duration shall be applied in these cases. Classification may not be extended to sections with a value
of WID or AIP lower than that tested.
17 Supplementary Test Method for Beams
1 7.1 Furnace control
17.1.1 The supplementary test method results are used to generate supplementary product design
tables for beams, and is not used to directly generate column classification. Comparative testing between
a loaded and non-loaded beam is performed to establish the effect of deflection on the performance of the
protection system, and to calculate a correction factor, which is applied as per Annex§..
L l7 1R c RL-
URTHER R L

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 19
17. 1.2 The supplementary test method is not subject to calibration requirements as per the full-scale
column exposure test. It is subject to furnace control requirements as specified in 17.1.3 and 4.2, 4.3 and
4. 7 in Part 1 of this Standard.
17. 1.3 The average furnace temperature is to be determined by averaging the temperatures recorded by
the nine thermocouples placed 4 in (10 2 mm) away from the exposed face of the specimen at the
beginning of the test, or 10 in (2 54 mm) away from the underside, as shown in Figure 17.1. The
thermocouples shall not touch the specimen during the test as a result of specimen deflection. The
average temperature shall be 2000 ±100 °F (1093 ±56 °C) and individual temperatures are to be 2000
±2 00 °F (1093 ±111 °C) 5 min after the start of the test and until the end of the test.

20 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 17.1
Furnace Control Thermocouple Location - Beam
BEAM
• • •
""THERMOCOUPLES
ELEVATION VIEW
•-4io-
~ -4io�
l
•-4 in- -4in-• 10in
l l
10 in •
l
•
SECTION VIEW
SECTION VIEW WIDE
STRUCTURAL
FLANGE BEAM
TUBING
su4546

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 21
1 7.2 Test specimen
17. 2.1 The protection material shall be applied to the steel beam specimen in accordance with
acceptable field practice.
17. 2.2 The length of the loaded open or hollow steel beams exposed to flame (L in Figure 17.2) shall be
at least 12 ft (3.66 m).

22 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
Figure 1 7.2
Thermocouple Location Beams
1------ Exposed Length L -------<

24 in. ----t- Equally spaced -----t- Equally spaced -----t- Equally spaced -----t- 24 in.
A B D
. .. .
C
. "
:· :"'
.
, • I
·'
• • •• • ... " •
1 •• • • •• ••
,.
.,I.•
.
4 .
., .
. ..
• ..
. �.
d
.
•
I I
.
;i• •
. •
•..
. .
.
• •
I
A B c D
SEC. A-A, C - C SEC. B - B, D - D
.... ..... ..
·.
.•
..__
__ THERMOCOUPLE ---.
su2295
--- xposed Length L -------<
>---E
24 in. --t- Equally spaced -i--- Equally spaced -----t- Equally spaced ----t- 24 in.
A B D
.. . . . ·. ."
C
:· ··"
.. . .. .
.
. ...
1 . . . . ·.
•
I
1 •• ,"
.
.,I,·
•
�-
•
•
4
•
• •
'
.
•
I
"
I
..•
•
.
.
•• .
. .
• •i "
. �
·., .
• •4
. ..
•
. .
A B c D
SEC. A-A, B - B, C - C, D - D
.. .... ....
. .
.
. . ·.
D- THERMOCOUPLE
su2296

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 23
17.2.3 An unloaded reference section shall be tested at the same time, positioned parallel with the
loaded section.
17.2.4 The length of the unloaded reference section exposed to flame shall be at either 4 ft (1.2 2 m) or
12 ft (3.66 m).
17.2.5 The temperatu re of the loaded steel beam is to be measured by no fewer than four thermocouples
located at each of four stations (minimu m of 16 thermocouples). The end stations are to be 2 ft (610 mm)
from the ends of the steel beam, and the two intermediate stations are to be equally spaced between the
end stations. The thermocouples at each level are to be placed to measure significant temperatures of the
component elements of the steel beam. Figu re 17. 2 shows required locations of the thermocouples on
wide flange and tubu lar steel beams.
17. 2.6 The temperature of the u nloaded steel beam is to be measured by the same thermocouple
arrangement as described in 17. 2.5 in the case of 12 ft (3.66 m) beams, or no fewer than four
thermocou ples centrally located at one station in accordance with Figure 17.2 Sec A-A for 4 ft (1.22 m)
beams.
17. 2.7 All thermocou ples for the pu rpose of recording specimen temperature are to be fabricated from
minimu m 0. 032 in (0. 8 mm) diameter (N o. 20 B & S gauge) chromel-alumel, inconel sheathed wires or
equivalent having a time constant of 2 s or less.
17.2.8 Concrete toppings for the loaded beam shall be made of normal weight concrete with a nominal
density of 14 0 - 150 pct (2240 - 2400 kg/m3). The concrete slab shall be sized, fixed to the steel beam in a
non-composite manner, and any gaps sealed, in a manner appropriate to laboratory practice. No insu lation
material is permitted between the concrete and the steel beam.
17.3 Performance criteria
17.3.1 Loaded beam tests shall be loaded prior to commencing the test. This load is to be the maximum
load condition allowed under nationally recognized stru ctural design criteria. This load shall be maintained
u ntil both of the following limits are exceeded:
a) A maximu m total deflection of:
(L2) I (400 d)
b) And after the deflection limit has been exceeded, a maximu m rate of deflection per minute as
determined over one-minute intervals of:
(L ) I (9000 d)
2
Where:
L= the clear span of the beam
d the distance between the extreme fiber of the beam in the compression zone and the extreme
=
fiber of the beam in the tensile zone
17.3.2 With reference to 17.3. 1, the u nits of deflection, Land d must be expressed in the same u nits
such as inches or millimeters.
17.3.3 On exceeding both of the limits in 17. 3.1, the load shall be removed or reduced.
L '°' 1R r L
rURTHER
- R LC
24 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
17.3. 4 Following reduction of the load, the test may still be continued if agreed with the sponsor for the
purposes of calculating correction factors as per Annex §.. The beam shall remain at a minimum deflection
of (L2) I (400 d) for the remainder of the test duration.
17.3.5 The duration (t) at which the assessed temperature (T) is reached shall be defined as the duration
at which the average temperature at any of the beam stations equals T, or the duration at which any
thermocouple equals 1. 2 T, whichever is reached first.

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 25
ANNEX A (Normative) - CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES
A1 Multi-Section Classification
A 1.1 Where classification is required over a range of WID for one duration then a minimum of 3 sections
shall be tested if Dmax :5 3. 0 Dmin• or 4 sections if Dmax > 3.0 Dmin- This shall include Dmin• Dmax and one or
two varying intermediate thicknesses.
A 1.2 All elements tested shall achieve within 10 % of the required classification time (t) for the
temperature (T), and at least 50 % shall achieve a time greater than t. When Tis other than as required in
Section _Ll, the assessment shall be for the purpose of supplementary information to the classification.
A 1.3 All elements shall have the OFT for assessment corrected based on the performance compared to
the required classification time (t) using the following equation:
Dcorrected = D * (t /tactual)
A1.4 The data shall be plotted on a graph of WID (y axis) against D (x axis) and interpolated through
simple point to point line construction. Where there are two points of the same W/D the most conservative
point shall be used. As WID decreases the OFTshall increase. Points which do not meet this requirement
shall be omitted (e.g. the data point at WID of 0.8 in Figure A1.1).
Figure A 1. 1
Example Assessment for Multi-Section Classification
3.5
2.5
2 +..··.. + Data Points

W/D . .
..
···
1.5
-- Assessment line
...
....
· ·.....
··..
1 ++·... ..
··...
0.5
0
0 2 4 6 8
OFT
su2189
A1.5 The classification shall be applicable within the range of the maximum and minimum D and WID or
AP
/ tested.

26 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
A2 Multi-Duration Classification
A2. 1 Where classification is required at one WID or A/P for a range of durations then a minimum of 3
sections shall be tested if Dmax :'.'> 3. 0 Dmin• or 4 sections if Dmax > 3.0 Dmin· This shall include Dmin• Dmax and
one or two varying intermediate thicknesses.
A2.2 The data shall be plotted on a graph of t (y axis) against D (x axis) and interpolated through simple
point to point line construction. Where there are two points of the same OFT the most conservative point
shall be used. As time increases the OFTshall increase. Points which do not meet this requirement shall
be omitted. See Figure A2.1.
Figure A2. 1
Example Assessment for Multi-Duration, Single-Element Classification
100 .
+ /
.../
90 / .. . / . ········
+
. . .······
80
. ···· . .
.
·
·
70
···
/
/·
60
- /
c: .
/
E //
50
-
+ Data Points
Q)
E 40 ..······· -- Assessment line
i= ·
·
30
·+ ·
+ ·· ··
20
10
0
0 2 3 4 5 6 7
OFT
su2188
A2.3 The classification shall be applicable between the maximum and minimum duration and D tested.
A3 Multi-Duration, Multi-Section Classification
A3.1 Where classification is required over a range of WD / or A/P and for a range of durations then a
minimum of 7 sections shall be tested. These shall include as a minimum the sections described in Table
A3.1. The individual thickness measurements of the fire protection material within each D band shall fall
within 10 % of the average for that band.

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 27
Table A3.1
High WID or AIP Mid WID or AIP Low WID or AIP
Dmin x x
Dmid x x x
Dmax x x
A3.2 A minimum of 3 sections shall be tested at the mid-range WD / or A/P if Dmax :5 3.0 Dmin• or
4 sections if Dmax > 3. 0 Dmin· This shall include Dmin• Dmax and one or two varying intermediate thicknesses.
A3.3 The data shall be plotted on a graph oft (y axis) against D (x axis) and interpolated through simple
point to point line construction. As W/D or A/P increases the time shall increase. Points which do not meet
this requirement shall be omitted.
A3.4 For the desired periods of classification (t) the product thickness ( D) shall be derived by vertical
interpolation between the assessment lines at the required WD / or A/P I n locations on the graph that are
bounded horizontally by data lines but are not bound vertically, horizontal interpolation is permitted to
establish a virtual point for use in a vertical interpolation. See Figure A3.1.
Figure A3. 1
Example Assessment for Multi-Duration, Multi-Section Classification
80
70
60 + Min O FT
c:
-
50
E )K Mid O FT
Cl)
-
40
x
E
i= Max O FT
30
Assessment
20 line
10
0
0 2 3 4 5 6
W/D
su2187
A3.5 The classification shall be applicable only within the range of W/D or A/P, OFTand durations tested.
Lines may not be extrapolated beyond the data points.

28 UL 1709 AUGUST 8, 2022
A4 Multi-Temperature Assessment
A4. 1 The procedu res in Sections A 1, A2 and A3 may be performed at mu ltiple values of Tseparately, to
generate su pplementary product design tables. I nterpolation between values of T shall be done over a
maximu m range of 50 °C.
A4. 2 The test sponsor shall indicate in advance the temperatures (T) at which the assessment in
accordance with Sections A 1, A2 or A3 is to be performed. The duration (t) to each temperature (T) shall
be recorded during the test.
A4. 3 The du ration (t) at which the assessed temperatu re (T) is reached shall be defined as the du ration
at which the average temperature at any of the four levels equals T, or the duration at which any
thermocouple equals 1. 2 T, whichever is reached first.

AUGUST 8, 2022 UL 1709 29
ANNEX B (Normative) - GENERATION OF SU P PLE MENTARY PRODUCT DESIGN TABLES FOR

BEAMS
8.1 I n the hyd rocarbon ind ustries, structu ral steelwork is typically exposed on all sid es and may be in a
column (vertical) or beam (horizontal) orientation. Column data may be applied to beams on the condition
that it is corrected for d eterioration in performance d u e to significant d eflections of the su bstrate, often
known as correction for ' stickability'.
8.2 The supplemen tary test procedu re d escribed in Section 1l. Additional Proced u res for Beams, shall
be und ertaken , to test a loaded beam of minimum length 12 ft (3.66 m) at Dmax· The beam shall have a
3 sided W/O within the middle third of the origin al classification scope. The reference section shall be cu t
from the same piece of steel, and shall be protected with the system at Dmax·
8.3 The time taken for the loaded beam to reach the original colu mn classification temperature (and
optionally each supplemen tary prod u ct d esign temperature) shall be compared with the time taken for the
referen ce beam to reach the same temperature. A correction factor (c) for each temperature shall be
calcu lated u sing the following equation :
( W /D)
c =
Reference Colwnn X D Loaded Beam X TLoaded Beam
��-
( W /D) L X D Reference Colwnn X TReference Colwnn

oaded Beam
8.4 The prod uct thickness for beam prod uct d esign tables shall be calculated u sing the equation below.
The minimum correction factor that can be applied is 1.
=
D Beams Dcolwnns x C
from hollow column classification, by su bstituting the I section loaded and referen ce beam for a hollow
8.5 The procedu re d escribed in fil - 8. 4 may be u sed to generate hollow beam produ ct d esign tables
loaded and referen ce beam respectively. The hollow column or beam shall comply with the requirements
stated in Section 17 and 8.2.
- -
8.6 N o extrapolations ou tsid e the testin g scope of the original column classification are permitted u sing
the methodology d escribed in Annex §.. Calcu lated values of 0 in excess of Dmax shall not be permitted.
8.7 The produ ct d esign tables gen erated u sing Annex §. are applicable to steel beams exposed on less
than all four sid es. The sides that are not exposed (and that cannot be coated by fire protection material)
must be in direct contact with material of su bstantial heat sink such as con crete.

333 Pfi ngsten Road
North brook, I l l i nois 60062-2096
847 .272 . 8800
For other locations in the U L family of companies,

please visit U L. com/con tact

Ul 1709 (2022)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ul 1709 (2022)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UL 1709

STANDARD FOR SAFETY

Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection

Sixth Edition , Dated August 8, 2 0 2 2

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

N o Text on This Page

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

First Edition - February, 1989

This ANSI/U L Standard for Safety consists of the Sixth Edition.

The most recen t designation of ANSI/U L 1709 as an American N ational Standard

Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be

COPYRIGHT© 2022 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

No Text on This Page

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIRE MENTS

2 U nits of Measurement ...........................................................................................................5

FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD

4 Fu rnace Control ....................................................................................................................5

PART 2 - STRUCTURAL STEEL

FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD

10 Fu rnace Calibration ........................................................................................................... 10

ANNEX A (Normative) - CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES

A1 Mu lti-Section Classification ................................................................................................ 2 5

ANNEX B (Normative) - GENERATION OF SU P PLE MENTARY PRODUCT DESIGN TA BLES FOR

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

N o Text on This Page

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIRE MENTS

3.2 The following pu blications are referenced in this Stand ard :

U L 2431, Durability of Fire Resistive Coatings and Materials

FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

C is the correction in the same units as I

I is the indicated fire-resistance period

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

5 Furnace Cali bration

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

Time-total Heat Flux Curve

TOTAL HEAT FLUX TOTAL HEAT FLUX

PART 2 - STRUCTURAL STEEL

D or DFTthickness of fire protection material (in)

D min minimum thickness of fire protective coating (in)

D max maximu m thickness of fire protection coating (in)

t the period or d uration of classification (minu tes)

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

Cali bration Column I

12 in. (305 mm) 14 in. (356 mm)

2 Instrumentation block (2 required)

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

11. 1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with Part 1 of this Standard.

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

Furnace Control Thermocouple Location - Column

PLAN VIEW WIDE PLAN VIEW

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER

Thermocouple Location Columns

14. 1 The following shall be included in the test report:

d) The measu red dimensions of the fire protection system together;

UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIA L - NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER