UNIT 5: CIRCUIT ELEMENTS

I- VOCABULARY

 path (n) : dây dẫn

 flow (v) : chảy

 loop (n) : mạch, cuộn

 conductor (n) : dây dẫn điện

 insulation (n) : sự cách điện

 power source (n) : nguồn điện

 load (n) : tải điện

 cell (n) : pin đơn

 resistor (n) : cái điện trở

 fuse (n) : cầu chì

 capacitor (n) : tụ điện

 light bulb (n) : đèn sợi đốt

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 Resistor
Power source

Capacitor Fuse

Battery
Light bulb
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II- GRAMMAR
2.1. Example
- The fuse is used to protect a circuit.
- An ammeter is used for measuring current.
2.2. Form

X + to be + used to + V(Bare -Vinf).

X + to be + used for + V-ing.

2.3. Exercise: Write the completed sentences using “be used to” or “be used for”

1. Wires/ carry electric current

………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. A resistor/ stops the flow of electricity in a particular place.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. A capacitor/ collects and store electricity such as television and radios.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. A battery/ produces electricity to provide power for radios, cars, etc.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. A light bulb/ produces light when an electric current goes through it.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

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III- READING COMPREHENSION

CIRCUIT COMPONENTS

An electrical circuit is a path or line through which an electrical current flows. The path
may be closed (joined at both ends), making it a loop. A closed circuit makes electrical
current flow possible. It may also be an open circuit where the electron flow is cut short
because the path is broken. An open circuit does not allow electrical current to flow.

The diagram below shows how a basic circuit looks like.

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It is very important to know the basic parts of a simple circuit and the symbols that relate
to them. A simple circuit has conductors, a switch, a load and a power source. Here are the
functions of each part:
- Conductors are usually copper wires with no insulation. They are used to make the
path through which the electricity flows. One piece of the wire is used for connecting
the current from the power source (cell) to the load and the other piece is used to
connect the load back to the power source.
- A switch is simply a small gap in the conductor. It is used to close or open the circuit.
When the switch is closed, the circuit is closed and electricity flows.
- The load is a small light bulb or buzzer that lights when the circuit is turned on. The
load is also known as a resistor.
- Cell is the power source. Note that more than one cell put together is known as a
battery.

Decide if these statements are true or false. Quote the sentences from the passage to
support your decisions. Correct the false sentences.

1. An electrical circuit is a path or line through which an electrical current flows.

………………………………………………………………………………….

2. An open circuit makes electrical current flow possible.

………………………………………………………………………………….

3. An open circuit allows electrical current to flow.

………………………………………………………………………………….

4. The simple circuit has four main elements.

………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Conductors are usually copper wires with insulations.

………………………………………………………………………………….
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 6. When the switch is closed, the circuit is open and electricity flows.

………………………………………………………………………………….

7. The load is always a small light bulb or buzzer

………………………………………………………………………………….

8. Many cells can put together known as a battery

………………………………………………………………………………….

IV-PRACTICE

1. Match the circuit component with their function

1. Conductors a. closes or opens the circuit.

2. A switch b. protects a circuit.
3. A fuse c. make the path through which the electricity flows.
4. A cell d. produces electrical energy from chemical energy.

2. Work in pair. Use the information in Exercise 1 to practice

A. What is a fuse used to do?

B. It’s used ……………...
A. What is a cell used for?
B. It’s used………………..
A. What are conductors used to do?
B. ………………………….
A. What is a switch used for?
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 B. …………………………..

3. Answer the questions below

1. How many main parts are there in the electrical circuit? What are they?
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What are conductors made of?
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What is a switch?
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What is known as a battery?
………………………………………………………………………………………

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